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Life-forms

Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Cladus: Angiosperms
Cladus: Eudicots
Cladus: Core eudicots
Cladus: Asterids
Cladus: Lamiids
Ordo: Lamiales

Familia: Scrophulariaceae
Tribus: Scrophularieae
Genus: Verbascum
Subgenera: V. subg. Celsia – V. subg. Verbascum

Overview of species (464)
a

V. abieticola – V. abyadicum – V. acaule – V. adeliae – V. adenanthum – V. adenocarpum – V. adenocaulon – V. adenophorum – V. adrianopolitanum – V. adzharicum – V. afyonense – V. agastachyum – V. agrimoniifolium – V. akdarense – V. akhalkalakiense – V. albidiflorum – V. alceoides – V. alepense – V. aliciae – V. alpigenum – V. alyssifolium – V. amanum – V. ambigens – V. anastasii – V. ancyritanum – V. andrusii – V. anisophyllum – V. antari – V. antilibanoticum – V. antinori – V. antiochium – V. antitauricum – V. aphentulium – V. apiculatum – V. aqranse – V. arbelense – V. arbusculum – V. arcturus – V. argenteum – V. armenum – V. artvinense – V. aschersonii – V. asiricum – V. asperuloides – V. assurense – V. atlanticum – V. atroviolaceum – V. aucheri – V. auriculatum – V. austriacum – V. aydogdui – V. azerbaijanense
b

V. baldaccii – V. ballii – V. ballsianum – V. banaticum – V. barbeyi – V. barnadesii – V. basivelatum – V. battandieri – V. bellum – V. benthamianum – V. berytheum – V. betonicifolium – V. biebersteinii – V. biledschikianum – V. birandianum – V. biscutellifolium – V. bithynicum – V. blancheanum – V. blattaria – V. boerhavii – V. boevae – V. boissieri – V. bombyciferum – V. bornmuellerianum – V. botuliforme – V. bourgeauanum – V. bracteosum – V. brandianum – V. brevipedicellatum – V. bugulifolium
c

V. caesareum – V. calvum – V. calycinum – V. calycosum – V. campestre – V. capitis-viridis – V. cappadocicum – V. carduchorum – V. cariense – V. carmanicum – V. caudatum – V. cedreti – V. cerinum – V. chaixii – V. charidemi – V. charputense – V. chaudharyanum – V. chazaliei – V. cheiranthifolium – V. chiovendae – V. chinense – V. chionophyllum – V. chlorostegium – V. chrysochaete – V. chrysorrhacos – V. cicekdagensis – V. cilicia – V. cilicicum – V. corinthiacum – V. coromandelianum – V. coronopifolium – V. creticum – V. cucullatibracteum – V. cylindrocarpum – V. cylleneum – V. cymigerum – V. cystolithicum
d

V. daenzeri – V. dalamanicum – V. damascenum – V. davidoffii – V. davisianum – V. decaisneanum – V. decorum – V. decursivum – V. degenii – V. delphicum – V. demirizianum – V. densiflorum – V. dentifolium – V. detersile – V. dieckianum – V. dimoniei – V. dingleri – V. discolor – V. isjectum – V. diversifolium – V. drymophilum – V. drymophiloides – V. dumulosum – V. durmitoreum – V. duzgunbabadagensis
e

V. elegantulum – V. eleonorae – V. epixanthinum – V. eremobium – V. ergin-hamzaoglui – V. erianthum – V. eriocarpum – V. eriophorum – V. eriorrhabdon – V. erivanicum – V. erosum – V. eskisehirensis – V. euboicum – V. euphraticum – V. exuberans
f

V. faik-karaveliogullarii – V. farsistanicum – V. faurei – V. flavidum – V. flavipannosum – V. foetidum – V. fontqueri – V. formosum – V. freynii – V. froedinii – V. fruticulosum
g

V. gabrielianae – V. gadarense – V. gaetulum – V. gaillardotii – V. galilaeum – V. geminiflorum – V. georgicum – V. germaniciae – V. giganteum – V. gilaedense – V. gilanicum – V. gimgimense – V. glabratum – V. glanduliferum – V. glandulosum – V. globiferum – V. globiflorum – V. glomeratum – V. glomerulosum – V. gnaphalodes – V. golawanense – V. gossypinum – V. gracilescens – V. graecum – V. guicciardii – V. gypsicola
h

V. hadschinense – V. hajastanicum – V. halacsyanum – V. haraldi-adnani – V. hasbenlii – V. haussknechtianum – V. haussknechtii – V. helianthemoides – V. hema-figranum – V. hervieri – V. herzogii – V. heterobarbatum – V. heterodontum – V. hookerianum – V. humile – V. hypoleucum
i

V. ibrahim-belenlii – V. iconium – V. ifranensis – V. ikaricum – V. inaequale – V. infidelium – V. insulare – V. interruptum – V. intricatum – V. inulifolium – V. isauricum
j

V. jordanicum – V. jordanovii – V. josgadense – V. juruk
k

V. karyeteini – V. kastamunicum – V. kermanense – V. kochiiforme – V. korovinii – V. kotschyi – V. krauseanum – V. kurdicum – V. kurdistanicum
l

V. lachnopus – V. laciniatum – V. laetum – V. lagurus – V. lanatum – V. lasianthum – V. latisepalum – V. laxum – V. leianthoides – V. leianthum – V. leiocarpum – V. leiocladum – V. leptocladum – V. leptostachyon – V. letourneuxii – V. leuconeurum – V. leucophyllum – V. levanticum – V. libanoticum – V. limnense – V. lindae – V. linearilobum – V. linguifolium – V. litigiosum – V. lobatum – V. longibracteatum – V. longifolium – V. longipedicellatum – V. longirostre – V. luciliae – V. luntii – V. luridiflorum – V. lychnitis – V. lydium – V. lyprocarpum – V. lyratifolium – V. lysiosepalum
m

V. macedonicum – V. macrocarpum – V. macrosepalum – V. macrurum – V. maeandri – V. mairei – V. mallophorum – V. maroccanum – V. masguindalii – V. maurum – V. mecit-vuralii – V. medinecum – V. megricum – V. meinckeanum – V. melhanense – V. melitenense – V. microsepalum – V. misirdalianum – V. mucronatum – V. mughlaeum – V. murbeckianum – V. mykales – V. myrianthum – V. myriocarpum
n

V. napifolium – V. natolicum – V. nevadense – V. nicolai – V. nigrum – V. nihatgoekyigitii – V. niveum – V. nobile – V. nudatum – V. nudicaule – V. nudiusculum
o

V. obtusifolium – V. olympicum – V. omanense – V. oocarpum – V. orbicularifolium – V. oreodoxa – V. oreodoxum – – V. orgyale – V. orientale – V. orphanideum – V. ovalifolium – V. ozturkiiV. oreophilum
p

V. pallidiflorum – V. palmyrense – V. pangaeum – V. paniculatum – V. parsana – V. parviflorum – V. pedunculosum – V. pellitum – V. pentelicum – V. peraffine – V. pestalozzae – V. petiolare – V. petrae – V. phlomoidesV. phoeniceum – V. phrygium – V. phyllostachyum – V. pinardii – V. pinetorum – V. pinnatifidum – V. pinnatisectum – V. piscicidum – V. ponticum – V. porteri – V. postianum – V. propontideum – V. protractum – V. prunellii – V. prusianum – V. pseudocreticum – V. pseudodigitalis – V. pseudoholotrichum – V. pseudonobile – V. pseudovarians – V. pterocalycinum – V. pterocladum – V. ptychophyllum – V. pubescens – V. pulverulentum – V. pumiliforme – V. pumilum – V. punalense – V. purpureum – V. pycnostachyum – V. pyramidatum – V. pyroliforme
q

V. qulebicum
r

V. racemiferum – V. reeseanum – V. reiseri – V. renzii – V. roripifolium – V. rotundifolium – V. rubricaule – V. rupestre – V. rupicola
s

V. saccatum – V. salgirensis – V. salviifolium – V. samniticum – V. scabridum – V. scamandri – V. scaposum – V. schachdagense – V. schimperianum – V. scoparium – V. sedgwickianum – V. serpenticola – V. serratifolium – V. sessiliflorum – V. seydisehirense – V. shahsavarensis – V. sheilae – V. shiqricum – V. siculum – V. simavicum – V. simplex – V. sinaiticum – V. sinuatum – V. smyrnaeum – V. songaricum – V. sorgerae – V. spathulisepalum – V. speciosum – V. sphenandroides – V. spinosum – V. splendidum – V. spodiotrichum – V. stachydifolium – V. stachydiforme – V. stelurum – V. stenocarpum – V. stenostachyum – V. stepporum – V. straussii – V. strictum – V. sublobatum – V. subnivale – V. subserratum – V. sudanicum – V. suworowianum – V. symes – V. syriacum – V. szovitsianum
t

V. tabukum – V. tauri – V. tauricum – V. tenue – V. tenuicaule – V. tetrandrum Barratte – V. thapsus – V. tiberiadis – V. tibesticum – V. tossiense – V. transcaucasicum – V. transjordanicum – V. transolympicum – V. trapifolium – V. trichostylum – V. tripolitanum – V. tropidocarpum – V. tuna-ekimii – V. turcicum – V. turcomanicum – V. turkestanicum – V. tzar-borisii
u

V. undulatum – V. urceolatum – V. urobracteum – V. uschakense
v

V. vacillans – V. vandasii – V. vanense – V. varians – V. virgatum – V. vulcanicum –
w

V. wiedemannianum – V. wilhelmsianum – V. wraberi
x

V. xanthophoeniceum
y

V. yemense – V. yurtkuranianum
z

V. zuccarinii
Nothospecies (290)

V. × abandense – V. × amaliense – V. × ambiguum – V. × ambracicum – V. × arabkirense – V. × araratense – V. × arctotrichum – V. × arenicola – V. × arpaczajicum – V. × atchleyianum – V. × auritum – V. × austroanatolicum – V. × badense – V. × balikesirense – V. × barrandonii – V. × bastardii – V. × baumgartnerianum – V. × beckeanum – V. × beckii – V. × binbogense – V. × bischoffii – V. × bitlisianum – V. × borbasianum – V. × borisii-regis – V. × brockmuelleri – V. × bulanikense – V. × burdurense – V. × calcicola – V. × calyculatum – V. × camberiense – V. × candelabrum – V. × carinthiacum – V. × cephalariense – V. × cernyi – V. × chium – V. × chrysopolitanum – V. × claudiopolitanum – V. × clinantherum – V. × coenobitanum – V. × comosum – V. × congestum – V. × conrathii – V. × corbierei – V. × coum – V. × crenatum – V. × crenulatum – V. × danubiale – V. × debeauxii – V. × decalvans – V. × degenianum – V. × denudatum – V. × derekolense – V. × dervichorum – V. × digitalifolium – V. × dimorphum – V. × diphyon – V. × dirmilense – V. × dirupatae – V. × divaricatum – V. × dobrogense – V. × doiranense – V. × dominii – V. × dramense – V. × duernsteinense – V. × dupnicense – V. × edessanum – V. × edirnense – V. × edremiticum – V. × eginense – V. × elasigense – V. × ermenekense – V. × erraticum – V. × ersin-yucelii – V. × erzindschanense – V. × fallax – V. × festii – V. × filianum – V. × flagriforme – V. × florinense – V. × fluminense – V. × freynianum – V. × fridae – V. × gabrielianae – V. × gaudinii – V. × geminatum – V. × germanum – V. × gintlii – V. × giresunense – V. × godronii – V. × goeldschuekense – V. × grandicalyx – V. × grecescui – V. × guelnarense – V. × guttinianum – V. × hatayense – V. × haynaldianum – V. × heterophlomos – V. × horakii – V. × horticola – V. × humnickii – V. × hybridum – V. × ignescens – V. × ilgazdagense – V. × illyricum – V. × incanum – V. × inegoelense – V. × inexspectatum – V. × innominatum – V. × insignitum – V. × interjectum – V. × intermedium – V. × inulifolioides – V. × isfendiyarense – V. × iskenderunense – V. × ispartense – V. × jankaeanum – V. × javorkae – V. × johannis-zernyi – V. × juratzkae – V. × kalabakense – V. × karaboertlenense – V. × karadagense – V. × karlikdaghense – V. × karpatii – V. × kavallense – V. × kavinae – V. × kayseriense – V. × keklikolukense – V. × kemerense – V. × kerneri – V. × killasii – V. × kiszacsense – V. × klotzschianum – V. × kochianum – V. × korphiaticum – V. × kotschyoides – V. × kovadanum – V. × kozaniense – V. × krokeense – V. × kubedagense – V. × kuetahyense – V. × laramberguei – V. × lasianthiforme – V. × leilense – V. × lemaitrei – V. × lemenciacum – V. × leucerion – V. × leucophylloides – V. × leucothrix – V. × liburnicum – V. × lobulatum – V. × longiracemosum – V. × macilentum – V. × maeandriforme – V. × martini – V. × mirabile – V. × mixtum Ramond – V. × montenegrinum – V. × morronense – V. × mosellanum – V. × mucronatiforme – V. × muglense – V. × murbeckii – V. × mutense – V. × myriocarpoides – V. × mytilinense – V. × neilreichii – V. × nisus – V. × nothum – V. × nouelianum – V. × nudatiforme – V. × nusaybinense – V. × nydeggeri – V. × obtusifoliiforme – V. × obtusifolioides – V. × omissum – V. × ordymnense – V. × oreodoxiforme – V. × pancicii – V. × paphlagonicum – V. × paradoxum – V. × parallelum – V. × parvifloriforme – V. × patris –. V. × pejovicii – V. × pelitnopilodes – V. × phalereum – V. × philippiense – V. × phoeniceiforme – V. × pilosum – V. × pobicum – V. × polyphyllopyramidatum – V. × porcii – V. × pozanticum – V. × praetutianum – V. × prokopiense – V. × prusianiforme – V. × pseudobalcanicum – V. × pseudobanaticum – V. × pseudoblattaria – V. × pseudochrysochaete – V. × pseudoflagriforme – V. × pseudogeorgicum – V. × pseudohajastanicum – V. × pseudolychnitis – V. × pseudolydium – V. × pseudopterocalycinum – V. × pseudosinuatum – V. × pseudosoongaricum – V. × pseudospeciosum – V. × pseudothapsus – V. × pterocalyciniforme – V. × pterocaulon – V. × quercetorum – V. × ramigerum – V. × regelianum – V. × rhodium – V. × rilaense – V. × rodnense – V. × roopianum – V. × rubiginosum – V. × rumiciforme – V. × ruscinonense – V. × sabaudum – V. × sakaryense – V. × salisburgense – V. × salmoneum – V. × samium – V. × sarikamischense – V. × schaklavense – V. × schottianum – V. × selimense – V. × semialbum – V. × semilanatum – V. × semirigidum – V. × semisplendidum – V. × semiundulatum – V. × semivulcanicum – V. × serpentinicum – V. × sevanense – V. × siatistense – V. × sibyllinum – V. × silesiacum – V. × silifkense – V. × silvanense – V. × simonianum – V. × sinuatifolium – V. × sivasicum – V. × skamneliense – V. × speciosiforme – V. × splendidoides – V. × steniense – V. × sterile – V. × stribrny – V. × subantinori – V. × subcaudatum – V. × subcheiranthifolium – V. × subcymosum – V. × suberiocarpum – V. × sublasianthum – V. × sublyratum – V. × submesopotamicum – V. × subphlomoides – V. × subsinuatum – V. × subsplendidum – V. × subvacillans – V. × sultanense – V. × tamderense – V. × tekirovense – V. × terdschanense – V. × teyberianum – V. × thapsi – V. × thessalum –. V. × thomaeanum – V. × tolosanum – V. × tomentosulum – V. × torculifragum – V. × tschamlibelense – V. × tschilemelekdagense – V. × tschivrilense – V. × tundscheliense – V. × ustulatum – V. × vajdae – V. × varciorovae – V. × varians – V. × versiflorum – V. × vidavense – V. × vlassianum – V. × vodnense – V. × vuyckii – V. × zlataroffii
Source(s) of checklist:

Govaerts, R. et al. 2019. Verbascum in Kew Science Plants of the World online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published online. Accessed: 2019 Feb 26. Reference page.

Name

Verbascum L., Sp. Pl. 1: 177. 1753; Gen. Pl., ed. 5: 83. 1754.

Lectotype species: Verbascum thapsus L. (designated by N.L. Britton et A. Brown, Ill. Fl. N.U.S. ed. 2. 3: 173. 7 Jun 1913, accepted by Hitchcock, Prop. Brit. Bot. 132. Aug 1929)

Synonyms

Heterotypic
Blattaria Mill., Gard. Dict. Abr. ed. 4: s.p. 1754.
Celsia L., Sp. Pl. 2: 621. 1753.
× Celsioverbascum Rech.f. & Hub.-Mor., Mitt. Thüring. Bot. Ges. 2(1): 55. 1960.
Ditoxia Raf., Précis Découv. Somiol.: 39. 1814.
Flomosia Raf., Fl. Tellur. 4: 89. 1838.
Janthe Griseb., Spic. Fl. Rumel. 2: 40. 1844.
Lasiake Raf., Fl. Tellur. 4: 89. 1838.
Leiosandra Raf., Fl. Tellur. 4: 89. 1838.
Lychnitis Fourr., Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, n.s., 17: 125. 1869.
Nefflea Spach, Hist. Nat. Vég. 9: 266. 1840.,
Staurophragma Fisch. & C.A.Mey., Index Seminum (LE, Petropolitanus) 9: 90. 1843.
Thapsandra Griseb., Spic. Fl. Rumel. 2: 40. 1844.
Thapsus Raf., Fl. Tellur. 4: 89. 1838.

References
Primary references

Linnaeus, C. 1753. Species Plantarum. Tomus I: 177. Reference page.
Linnaeus, C. 1754. Genera Plantarum, ed. 5: 83. Reference page.

Additional references

Britton, N.L. & Brown, A. 1913. An illustrated flora of the northern United States, Canada and the British possessions: from Newfoundland to the parallel of the southern boundary of Virginia, and from the Atlantic Ocean westward to the 102d meridian. ed. 2. C. Scribner's sons, New York. Vol. 3: 173. Reference page.
Hitchcock, A.S. & Green, M.L. 1929. Standard species of Linnaean genera of Phanerogamae (1753–1754). pp. 111–195 in International Botanical Congress. Cambridge (England), 1930. Nomenclature. Proposals by British Botanists. His Majesty's Stationery Office, London. Biblioteca Digital Reference page.

Links

Farr, E.R. & Zijlstra, G. (eds.) 1996 onwards. Verbascum in Index Nominum Genericorum (Plantarum). Accessed: 2018 11 29.
Govaerts, R. et al. 2019. Verbascum in Kew Science Plants of the World online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published online. Accessed: 2019 Jan 8. Reference page.
Hassler, M. 2019. Verbascum. World Plants: Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World In: Roskovh, Y., Abucay, L., Orrell, T., Nicolson, D., Bailly, N., Kirk, P., Bourgoin, T., DeWalt, R.E., Decock, W., De Wever, A., Nieukerken, E. van, Zarucchi, J. & Penev, L., eds. 2019. Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life. Published online. Accessed: 2019 Jan 7. Reference page.
Tropicos.org 2018. Verbascum. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published online. Accessed: 29 11 2018.

Vernacular names
العربية: بوصير
azərbaycanca: Qatırquyruğu
башҡортса: Айыу ҡолағы
беларуская: Дзіванна
български: Лопен
català: Trepó
čeština: divizna
dansk: Kongelys
Deutsch: Königskerzen
Ελληνικά: Βερμπάσκο
English: Mullein
Esperanto: Verbasko
español: Gordolobo
eesti: Vägihein
فارسی: ورباسکوم
suomi: Tulikukat
français: Molène
עברית: בוצין
hornjoserbsce: Dźiwizna
magyar: Ökörfarkkóró
հայերեն: Խռնդատ
Ido: Verbasko
italiano: Tasso barbasso
日本語: モウズイカ属
қазақша: Сиырқұйрық
lietuvių: Tūbė
Nederlands: Toorts
norsk: Kongslysslekta
ирон: Галывзаг
Deitsch: Wollgraut
polski: Dziewanna
română: Lumânărică
русский: Коровяк
slovenčina: divozel
slovenščina: Lučnik
svenska: Kungsljussläktet
Türkçe: Sığırkuyruğu
українська: Дивина
Tiếng Việt: Chi Hoa phổi
中文: 毛蕊花属

Verbascum is a genus of over 450 species of flowering plants, common name mullein (/ˈmʌlɪn/[3]), in the figwort family Scrophulariaceae. They are native to Europe and Asia, with the highest species diversity in the Mediterranean.[4][5]

Mullein or "mullein leaf" often refers to the leaves of Verbascum thapsus, the great or common mullein, which is frequently used in herbal medicine.

Description

They are biennial or perennial plants, rarely annuals or subshrubs, growing to 0.5 to 3.0 m (1.6 to 9.8 ft) tall. The plants first form a dense rosette of leaves at ground level, subsequently sending up a tall flowering stem. Biennial plants form the rosette the first year and the stem the following season. The leaves are spirally arranged, often densely hairy, though glabrous (hairless) in some species. The flowers have five symmetrical petals; petal colours in different species include yellow (most common), orange, red-brown, purple, blue, or white. The fruit is a capsule containing numerous minute seeds.
Cultivation
Dark mullein (V. nigrum)

In gardening and landscaping, the mulleins are valued for their tall narrow stature and for flowering over a long period of time, even in dry soils.

These cultivars have received the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit:

'Gainsborough' (Cotswold Group)[6]
'Letitia'[7]
'Pink Domino' (Cotswold Group)[8]
'Tropic Sun'[9]

Other uses
See also: Verbascum thapsus § Traditional medicine

Plants of the genus have a long history of use as herbal remedies.[10] Although this plant is a recent arrival to North America, Native Americans used the ground seeds of V. thaspus as a paralytic fish poison due to their high levels of rotenone. Verbascum flowers have been used in traditional Austrian medicine internally (as tea) or externally (as ointment, tea, baths, or compresses) for treatment of disorders of the respiratory tract, skin, veins, gastrointestinal tract, and the locomotor system.[11]
Select species
Main article: List of Verbascum species

Verbascum acaule (Bory & Chaub.) Kuntze
Verbascum adeliae Heldr.
Verbascum adenanthum Bornm.
Verbascum adrianopolitanum Podp.
Verbascum agrimoniifolium Huber-Morath
Verbascum anisophyllum Murb.
Verbascum arcturus L.
Verbascum argenteum Ten.
Verbascum austriacum Schott
Verbascum baldaccii Degen
Verbascum banaticum Schrad.
Verbascum barnadesii Vahl
Verbascum bithynicum Boiss.
Verbascum blattaria L.
Verbascum boerhavei L.
Verbascum boissieri (Heldr. & Sart. ex Boiss.) Kuntze
Verbascum botuliforme Murb.
Verbascum brevipedicellatum (Engl.) Hub.-Mor.
Verbascum bugulifolium Lam.
Verbascum calycosum Hausskn. ex Murb.
Verbascum × candelabrum Kar. & Kir.
Verbascum chaixii Vill.
Verbascum chinense (L.) Santapau
Verbascum creticum (L.f.) Cav.
Verbascum cylindrocarpum Griseb.
Verbascum cylleneum (Boiss. & Heldr.) Kuntze
Verbascum daenzeri (Fauché & Chaub.) Fenzl
Verbascum davidoffii Murb.
Verbascum decorum Velen.
Verbascum delphicum Boiss. & Heldr.
Verbascum densiflorum Bertol.
Verbascum dentifolium Delile
Verbascum dieckianum Borbás & Degen
Verbascum dingleri Mattf. & Stef.
Verbascum drymophiloides Gritzenko
Verbascum durmitoreum Rohlena
Verbascum × edirnense Dane & G.Yılmaz
Verbascum epixanthinum Boiss. & Heldr.
Verbascum eriophorum Godr.
Verbascum eskisehirensis Karavel., Ocak & Ekici
Verbascum euboicum Murb. & Rech.f.
Verbascum flavidum (Boiss.) Freyn & Bornm.
Verbascum × gabrielianae Hub.-Mor.
Verbascum georgicum Benth.
Verbascum glabratum Friv.
Verbascum glandulosum Delile
Verbascum gnaphalodes M.Bieb.
Verbascum graecum Heldr. & Sart.
Verbascum guicciardii Heldr.
Verbascum halacsyanum Sint. & Bornm. ex Halácsy
Verbascum haraldi-adnani Parolly & Eren
Verbascum hervieri Degen
Verbascum herzogii Bornm.
Verbascum humile Janka
Verbascum jankaeanum Pančić
Verbascum laciniatum (Poir.) Kuntze
Verbascum lagurus Fisch. & C.A.Mey.
Verbascum lanatum Schrad.
Verbascum lasianthum Boiss. ex Benth.
Verbascum laxum Filar. & Jav.
Verbascum leucophyllum Griseb.
Verbascum lesnovoensis Micevski
Verbascum levanticum I.K.Ferguson
Verbascum litigiosum Samp.
Verbascum longifolium Ten.
Verbascum lychnitis L.
Verbascum macedonicum Kosonin & Murb.
Verbascum macrocarpum Boiss.
Verbascum macrurum Ten.
Verbascum mallophorum Boiss. & Heldr.
Verbascum megricum Huber-Morath
Verbascum mucronatum Lam.
Verbascum nevadense Boiss.
Verbascum nicolai Rohlena
Verbascum nigrum L.
Verbascum niveum Ten.
Verbascum nobile Velen.
Verbascum nudicaule Takht.
Verbascum olympicum Boiss.
Verbascum oreophilum C. Koch
Verbascum orientale (L.) All.
Verbascum orphanideum Murb.
Verbascum ovalifolium Donn ex Sims
Verbascum ozturkii Karavel., Uzunh. & S.Çelik
Verbascum × patris Bordz.
Verbascum pelium Halácsy
Verbascum pentelicum Murb.
Verbascum phlomoides L.
Verbascum phoeniceum L.
Verbascum pinnatifidum Vahl
Verbascum pseudonobile Stoj. & Stef.
Verbascum pterocaulon Nyman
Verbascum pulverulentum Vill.
Verbascum purpureum (Janka) Hub.-Mor.
Verbascum pyramidatum M.Bieb.
Verbascum reiseri Halácsy
Verbascum roripifolium (Halácsy) I.K.Ferguson
Verbascum rotundifolium Ten.
Verbascum × rubiginosum Waldst. & Kit.
Verbascum rupestre (Davidov) I.K.Ferguson
Verbascum salgirensis Soldano
Verbascum samniticum Ten.
Verbascum schachdagense Gritzenko
Verbascum siculum Tod. ex Lojac.
Verbascum sinaiticum Benth.
Verbascum sinuatum L.
Verbascum songaricum Schrenk
Verbascum speciosum Schrad.
Verbascum spinosum L.
Verbascum suworowianum Kuntze
Verbascum szovitsianum Boiss.
Verbascum thapsus L.
Verbascum undulatum Lam.
Verbascum vandasii (Rohlena) Rohlena
Verbascum varians Freyn & Sint.
Verbascum virgatum Stokes
Verbascum xanthophoeniceum Griseb.
Verbascum zuccarinii (Boiss.) I.K.Ferguson

See also

Mullein moth, a species in the order Lepidoptera which feeds on Verbascum and other plants.

References

Nathaniel Lord Britton; Addison Brown (1947). An Illustrated Flora of the Northern United States, Canada and the British Possessions from Newfoundland to the Parallel of the Southern Boundary of Virginia, and from the Atlantic Ocean Westward to the 102d Meridian. Vol. 3 (2nd ed.). New York Botanical Garden. p. 173.
"USDA GRIN Taxonomy". Retrieved February 11, 2014.
"mullein". Oxford English Dictionary (Online ed.). Oxford University Press. (Subscription or participating institution membership required.)
Sotoodeh, Arash (2018). "Focusing on three Verbascum L. taxa (Scrophulariaceae) of the Flora of Iran". Adansonia. 40 (13): 171. doi:10.5252/adansonia2018v40a13. S2CID 198148731.
Sotoodeh, Arash (2015). Histoire biogéographique et évolutive des genres Verbascum et Artemisia en Iran à l'aide de la phylogénie moléculaire. France: Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier.
"Verbascum 'Gainsborough' (Cotswold Group)". RHS. Retrieved 5 March 2021.
"Verbascum 'Letitia'". RHS. Retrieved 5 March 2021.
"Verbascum 'Pink Domino' (Cotswold Group)". RHS. Retrieved 5 March 2021.
"Verbascum 'Tropic Sun'". RHS. Retrieved 5 March 2021.
Tierra, Michael & John Lust (2003). The Natural Remedy Bible (revised and updated ed.). New York: Pocket Books. pp. 164, 180. ISBN 978-0-7434-6642-4.

Vogl, S; Picker, P.; Mihaly-Bison, J.; Fakhrudin, N.; Atanasov, A. G.; Heiss, E. H.; Wawrosch, C.; Reznicek, G.; Dirsch, V. M.; Saukel, J.; Kopp, B. (2013). "Ethnopharmacological in vitro studies on Austria's folk medicine—an unexplored lore in vitro anti-inflammatory activities of 71 Austrian traditional herbal drugs". Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 149 (3): 750–71. doi:10.1016/j.jep.2013.06.007. PMC 3791396. PMID 23770053.

Further reading

Flora Europaea: Verbascum
Flora of China: Verbascum
Davis, P. H., Edmondson, J. R., Mill, R. R., & Parris, B. S., eds. (1978). Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands 6: 461.

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