Loganiaceae

Life-forms

Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Cladus: Angiosperms
Cladus: Eudicots
Cladus: Core eudicots
Cladus: Asterids
Cladus: Lamiids
Ordo: Gentianales

Familia: Loganiaceae
Tribus: Antonieae – Loganieae – Spigelieae – Strychneae
Genera: Adelphacme – Antonia – Bonyunia – Gardneria – Geniostoma – Logania – Mitrasacme – Mitreola – Neuburgia – Norrisia – Orianthera – Phyllangium – Schizacme – Spigelia – Strychnos – Usteria
Name

Loganiaceae R.Br. ex Mart., Nov. Gen. Sp. Pl. 2: 133. (1827) nom. cons.

Typus: Logania R.Br. Prodr. 454. (1810)

Synonyms

Heterotypic
Antoniaceae Hutch., Fam. Fl. Pl., ed. 2: 375. (1959)
Gardneriaceae Wall. ex Perleb, Clav. Class.: 23. (1838)
Geniostomataceae Struwe & V.A.Albert, Cladistics 10: 206. (1995)
Spigeliaceae Bercht. & J. Presl, Přir. Rostlin 1: 40. (1823)
Strychnaceae DC ex Perleb, Vers. Arzneikr. Pfl.: 244. (1818)

References

Brown, R. 1827. Nova Genera et Species Plantarum . . . 2: 133.
Backlund, M., Oxelman, B. & Bremer, B. 2000. Phylogenetic relationships within the Gentianales based on ndhF and rbcL sequences, with particular reference to the Loganiaceae. American Journal of Botany 87(7): 1029–1043. Full text PDF Reference page.
Gibbons, K.L., Henwood, M.J. & Conn, B.J. 2012. Phylogenetic relationships in Loganieae (Loganiaceae) inferred from nuclear ribosomal and chloroplast DNA sequence data. Australian Systematic Botany 25(5): 331-340. DOI: 10.1071/SB12002 Full text from ResearchGate Reference page.
Stevens, P.F. 2001 onwards. Angiosperm Phylogeny Website. Version 14, July 2017 [and more or less continuously updated since]. Online. Reference page.
Struwe, L., Gibbons, K.L., Conn, B.J. & Motley, T.J. 2018. Loganiaceae. The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants. Eudicots (pp. 511-526). Springer, Cham. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-93605-5_8

Links

Govaerts, R. et al. 2020. Loganiaceae in Kew Science Plants of the World online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published online. Accessed: 2020 Oct. 19. Reference page.
International Plant Names Index. 2020. 29. Published online. Accessed: Nov. 2020.
Tropicos.org 2014. Loganiaceae. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published online. Accessed: 31 Jan. 2014.

Vernacular names
العربية: لوغانية
azərbaycanca: Loqaniyakimilər
català: Loganiàcies
čeština: Logániovité
Deutsch: Brechnussgewächse
فارسی: دم‌موشیان
suomi: Strykniinipähkinäkasvit
hrvatski: Loganijevke
日本語: マチン科
한국어: 마전과
kurdî: Famîleya loganyayan
lietuvių: Činčiberiniai
മലയാളം: ലൊഗാനിയേസീ
polski: Loganiowate
русский: Логаниевые
svenska: Kräknötsväxter
తెలుగు: లోగానియేసి
ไทย: วงศ์กันเกรา
Tiếng Việt: Họ Mã tiền
中文（简体）: 马钱科
中文（繁體）: 馬錢科

The Loganiaceae are a family of flowering plants classified in order Gentianales. The family includes up to 13 genera, distributed around the world's tropics. There are not any great morphological characteristics to distinguish these taxa from others in the order Gentianales.

Many members of the Loganiaceae are extremely poisonous, causing death by convulsion. Poisonous properties are largely due to alkaloids such as those found in Strychnos. Glycosides are also present as loganin in Strychnos.[2]

Earlier treatments of the family have included up to 29 genera. Phylogenetic studies have demonstrated that this broadly defined Loganiaceae was a polyphyletic assemblage, and numerous genera have been removed from Loganiaceae to other families (sometimes in other orders), e.g., Gentianaceae, Gelsemiaceae, Plocospermataceae, Tetrachondraceae, Buddlejaceae, and Gesneriaceae. Some classification schemes, notably Takhtajan's, break the remaining Loganiaceae even further, into as many as four families; Strychnaceae, Antoniaceae, Spigeliaceae and Loganiaceae.

Genera

Some sources indicate the family consists of 13 genera.[3][4] A more recent study considers some Labordia species synonymous with Geniostoma,[5] resulting in 12 genera in other sources.[6]

Antonia Pohl
Bonyunia R. H. Schomb. ex Progel
Gardneria Wall.
Geniostoma J. R. Forst. & G.Forst.
Labordia Gaudich.
Logania R.Br.
Mitrasacme Labill.

Mitreola L.
Neuburgia Blume
Norrisia Gardner
Spigelia L.
Strychnos L.
Usteria Willd.

Excluded genera

Androya H.Perrier -> Scrophulariaceae
Anthocleista[3] Afzel. ex R.Br. -> Gentianaceae
Buddleja L. -> Scrophulariaceae
Desfontainia Ruiz & Pav. -> Columelliaceae
Emorya Torr. -> Scrophulariaceae
Fagraea[3] Thunb. -> Gentianaceae
Gelsemium Juss. -> Gelsemiaceae
Gomphostigma Turcz. -> Scrophulariaceae

Mostuea Didr. -> Gelsemiaceae
Nuxia Comm. ex Lam. -> Stilbaceae
Peltanthera Benth. -> Gesneriaceae
Plocosperma Benth. -> Plocospermataceae
Polypremum L. -> Tetrachondraceae
Potalia[3] Aubl. -> Gentianaceae
Retzia Thunb. -> Stilbaceae[7]

References

"Family: Loganiaceae R. Br. ex Mart., nom. cons". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. 2003-01-17. Archived from the original on 2012-10-10. Retrieved 2010-12-15.
Flowering Plants of the World by consultant editor Vernon H. Heywood, 1978, Oxford University Press, Walton Street, Oxford OX2 6DP, England, ISBN 019217674-9
Backlund, Maria; Oxelman, Bengt; Bremer, Birgitta (July 2000). "Phylogenetic relationships within the Gentianales based on NDHF and RBCL sequences, with particular reference to the Loganiaceae". American Journal of Botany. 87 (7): 1029–1043. doi:10.2307/2657003. JSTOR 2657003. Retrieved 2017-03-19.
"GRIN Genera Records of Loganiaceae". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. Archived from the original on 2004-11-18. Retrieved 2010-12-15.
Gibbons, Kerry L.; Henwood, Murray J.; Conn, Barry J. (2012). "Phylogenetic relationships in Loganieae (Loganiaceae) inferred from nuclear ribosomal and chloroplast DNA sequence data". Australian Systematic Botany. 25 (5): 331–340. doi:10.1071/sb12002. Retrieved 2017-03-19.
Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (2009). "An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG III". Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society. 161 (2): 105–121. doi:10.1111/j.1095-8339.2009.00996.x.

"GRIN genera sometimes placed in Loganiaceae". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. Archived from the original on 2004-11-18. Retrieved 2010-12-15.

Struwe, L., V. A. Albert, and B. Bremer (1994). "Cladistics and family level classification of the Gentianales". Cladistics 10: 175–205.