Ixora

Life-forms

Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Cladus: Angiosperms
Cladus: Eudicots
Cladus: Core eudicots
Cladus: Asterids
Cladus: Lamiids
Ordo: Gentianales

Familia: Rubiaceae
Subfamilia: Ixoroideae
Tribus: Ixoreae
Genus: Ixora
Species: I. accedens – I. aciculiflora – I. acuminata – I. acuminatissima – I. acuticauda – I. aegialodes – I. agasthyamalayana – I. aggregata – I. agostiniana – I. akkeringae – I. alba – I. albersii – I. aluminicola – I. amapaensis – I. amherstiensis – I. amoena – I. amplexicaulis – I. amplexifolia – I. amplifolia – I. andamanensis – I. aneimenodesma – I. aneityensis – I. angustilimba – I. aphylla – I. archboldii – I. arestantha – I. asme – I. athroantha – I. auricularis – I. auriculata – I. aurorea – I. backeri – I. bahiensis – I. baileyana – I. balakrishnii – I. balansae – I. baldwinii – I. balinensis – I. bancana – I. banjoana – I. barbata – I. barberae – I. bartlingii – I. batesii – I. batuensis – I. bauchiensis – I. beckleri – I. beddomei – I. bemangidiensis – I. bernieriana – I. betongensis – I. bibracteata – I. biflora – I. birmahica – I. blumei – I. borneensis – I. bougainvilliae – I. brachiata – I. brachyantha – I. brachyanthera – I. brachycotyla – I. brachypoda – I. brachypogon – I. brachyura – I. bracteata – I. bracteolaris – I. bracteolata – I. brandisiana – I. brassii – I. brevicaudata – I. brevifolia – I. breviloba – I. brevipedunculata – I. brunnescens – I. brunonis – I. bullata – I. burundiensis – I. butterwickii – I. buxina – I. calcicola – I. calliantha – I. callithyrsa – I. calycina – I. cambodiana – I. capillaris – I. capitulifera – I. capituliflora – I. carewii – I. casei – I. caudata – I. cauliflora – I. celebica – I. cephalophora – I. ceramensis – I. chartacea – I. chinensis – I. cibdela – I. cincta – I. clementium – I. clerodendron – I. coccinea – I. coffeoides – I. collina – I. collinsae – I. comptonii – I. concinna – I. conferta – I. confertiflora – I. confertior – I. congesta – I. coralloraphis – I. cordata – I. cordifolia – I. coriifolia – I. coronata – I. cowanii – I. crassifolia – I. cremixora – I. cumingiana – I. cuneata – I. cuneifolia – I. curtisii – I. cuspidata – I. daemonia – I. davisii – I. deciduiflora – I. decora – I. decus-silvae – I. delicatula – I. deliensis – I. delpyana – I. densiflora – I. diversifolia – I. djambica – I. dolichophylla – I. dolichothyrsa – I. dongnaiensis – I. doreensis – I. dorgelonis – I. duckei – I. dzumacensis – I. ebarbata – I. ebracteolata – I. effusa – I. elegans – I. elongata – I. eludens – I. emirnensis – I. endertii – I. engganensis – I. ensifolia – I. eriantha – I. erythrocarpa – I. eugenioides – I. euosmia – I. fallax – I. farinosa – I. faroensis – I. fastigiata – I. ferrea – I. filiflora – I. filipendula – I. filipes – I. filmeri – I. finlaysoniana – I. flagrans – I. flavescens – I. floribunda – I. florida – I. foliicalyx – I. foliosa – I. foonchewii – I. forbesii – I. fragrans – I. francavillana – I. francii – I. fucosa – I. fugiens – I. fulgens – I. fulgida – I. fulviflora – I. funckii – I. fusca – I. fuscescens – I. gamblei – I. gardneriana – I. gibbsiae – I. gigantea – I. gigantifolia – I. glaucina – I. glomeruliflora – I. goalparensis – I. graciliflora – I. grandifolia – I. granulata – I. greenwoodiana – I. guillotii – I. guineensis – I. guluensis – I. gyropogon – I. hainanensis – I. hajupensis – I. hallieri – I. hartiana – I. harveyi – I. havilandii – I. helwigii – I. henryi – I. heterodoxa – I. hiernii – I. himantophylla – I. hippoperifera – I. homolleae – I. hookeri – I. humblotii – I. hymenophylla – I. ilocana – I. imitans – I. inaequifolia – I. inexpecta – I. inodora – I. insignis – I. insularum – I. intensa – I. intermedia – I. intropilosa – I. inundata – I. irosinensis – I. iteaphylla – I. iteoidea – I. jacobsonii – I. jaherii – I. javanica – I. johnsonii – I. jucunda – I. junghuhnii – I. kachinensis – I. kaniensis – I. karimatica – I. katchalensis – I. kavalliana – I. keenanii – I. keithii – I. kerrii – I. kerstingii – I. keyensis – I. killipii – I. kinabaluensis – I. kingdon-wardii – I. kingstoni – I. kjellbergii – I. knappiae – I. kochii – I. koordersii – I. korthalsiana – I. krewanhensis – I. kuakuensis – I. kurziana – I. labuanensis – I. lacei – I. lacuum – I. lakshnakarae – I. lanceolaria – I. lanceolata – I. lancifolia – I. lancisepala – I. laotica – I. laurentii – I. lawsonii – I. laxiflora – I. le-testui – I. lebangharae – I. lecardii – I. ledermannii – I. leptopus – I. leucocarpa – I. leytensis – I. liberiensis – I. linggensis – I. littoralis – I. lobbii – I. loerzingii – I. longibracteata – I. longiloba – I. longipedunculata – I. longipes – I. longissima – I. longistipula – I. lucida – I. lunutica – I. luzoniensis – I. macgregorii – I. macilenta – I. macrantha – I. macrocotyla – I. macrophylla – I. macrosiphon – I. macrothyrsa – I. magnifica – I. makassarica – I. malabarica – I. malacophylla – I. malaica – I. malayana – I. mandalayensis – I. mangabensis – I. mangoliensis – I. marquesensis – I. marsdenii – I. martinsii – I. maxima – I. maymyensis – I. mearnsii – I. meeboldii – I. megalothyrsa – I. mekongensis – I. membranifolia – I. mentangis – I. mercaraica – I. merguensis – I. microphylla – I. mildbraedii – I. miliensis – I. minahassae – I. mindanaensis – I. minutiflora – I. miquelii – I. mirabilis – I. mjoebergii – I. mocquerysii – I. mollirama – I. moluccana – I. mooreensis – I. moszkowskii – I. motleyi – I. mucronata – I. muelleri – I. multibracteata – I. myitkyinensis – I. myriantha – I. myrsinoides – I. myrtifolia – I. namatanaica – I. nana – I. nandarivatensis – I. narcissodora – I. natunensis – I. nematopoda – I. neocaledonica – I. neriifolia – I. nicaraguensis – I. nicobarica – I. nienkui – I. nigerica – I. nigricans – I. nimbana – I. nitidula – I. nonantha – I. notoniana – I. novemnervia – I. oblongifolia – I. obtusiloba – I. odoratiflora – I. oligantha – I. ooumuensis – I. opaca – I. oresitropha – I. orohenensis – I. orophila – I. orovilleae – I. otophora – I. ovalifolia – I. pachyphylla – I. palawaensis – I. palembangensis – I. paludosa – I. panurensis – I. paradoxalis – I. paraopaca – I. paraopara – I. parkeri – I. parkinsoniana – I. patens – I. patula – I. pauciflora – I. pauper – I. pavetta – I. pedionoma – I. pelagica – I. pendula – I. peruviana – I. phellopus – I. philippinensis – I. pierrei – I. pilosa – I. piresii – I. platythyrsa – I. polita – I. polyantha – I. polycephala – I. potaroensis – I. praestans – I. praetermissa – I. prolixa – I. pseudoacuminata – I. pseudoamboinica – I. pseudojavanica – I. pubescens – I. pubiflora – I. pubifolia – I. pubigera – I. pubirama – I. pudica – I. pulcherrima – I. pyrantha – I. pyrrhostaura – I. raiateensis – I. raivavaensis – I. rangonensis – I. recurva – I. reducta – I. reticulata – I. rhododactyla – I. richardiana – I. riparum – I. rivalis – I. robinsonii – I. roemeri – I. romburghii – I. rosacea – I. rosea – I. roseituba – I. rubrinervis – I. rufa – I. rugosirama – I. rugulosa – I. ruttenii – I. sabangensis – I. salicifolia – I. salwenensis – I. samarensis – I. sambiranensis – I. samoensis – I. sandwithiana – I. saulierei – I. scandens – I. scheffleri – I. schlechteri – I. schomburgkiana – I. scortechinii – I. seretii – I. sessililimba – I. setchellii – I. siamensis – I. siantanensis – I. simalurensis – I. siphonantha – I. sivarajiana – I. smeruensis – I. solomonensium – I. somosomaensis – I. sparsiflora – I. sparsifolia – I. spathoidea – I. spectabilis – I. spirei – I. spruceana – I. st.-johnii – I. steenisii – I. stenophylla – I. stenothyrsa – I. stenura – I. stipulata – I. stokesii – I. storckii – I. straminea – I. subauriculata – I. subsessilis – I. sulaensis – I. sumbawensis – I. symphorantha – I. synactica – I. syringiflora – I. talaudensis – I. tanzaniensis – I. tavoyana – I. temehaniensis – I. temptans – I. tenelliflora – I. tengerensis – I. tenuiflora – I. tenuifolia – I. tenuipedunculata – I. tenuis – I. thwaitesii – I. tibetana – I. tidorensis – I. tigriomustax – I. timorensis – I. treubii – I. triantha – I. trichandra – I. trichobotrys – I. trichocalyx – I. trimera – I. tsangii – I. tubiflora – I. tunicata – I. umbellata – I. umbricola – I. undulata – I. upolensis – I. urophylla – I. venezuelica – I. venulosa – I. venusta – I. versteegii – I. verticillata – I. vieillardii – I. violacea – I. vitiensis – I. whitei – I. williamsii – I. winkleri – I. woodii – I. yaouhensis – I. yavitensis – I. ysabellae – I. yunckeri – I. yunnanensis – I. zollingeriana

Nothospecies: I. × westii

Name

Ixora L., 1753.

Typus: I. coccinea
L.

Synonyms

Heterotypic
Schetti Adans., Fam. Pl. 2: 146. 1763.
Sideroxyloides Jacq., Select. Stirp. Amer. Hist.: 19. 1763.
Patabea Aubl., Hist. Pl. Guiane 1: 110. 1775.
Myonima Comm. ex A.Juss., Gen. Pl.: 206 (1789)
Siderodendrum Schreb., Gen. Pl.: 71. 1789.
Bemsetia Raf., Sylva Tellur.: 12. 1838.
Panchezia Montrouz., Mém. Acad. Roy. Sci. Lyon Sect. Lett. 10: 223. 1860.
Charpentiera Vieill., Bull. Soc. Linn. Normandie 9: 346. 1865.
Hitoa Nadeaud, J. Bot. (Morot) 13: 2. 1899.
Versteegia Valeton, Nova Guinea 8: 483 (1911).
Becheria Ridl., J. Straits Branch Roy. Asiat. Soc. 61: 20. 1912.
Thouarsiora Homolle ex Arènes, Notul. Syst. (Paris) 16: 19. 1960.
Captaincookia N.Hallé, Adansonia, n.s., 13: 197 (1973)
Doricera Verdc., Kew Bull. 37: 554 (1983)
Tsiangia But, H.H.Hsue & P.T.Li, Blumea 31: 311. 1986.

Distribution
Native distribution areas:

Africa
West Tropical Africa
Benin, Burkina, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea-Bissau, Guinea, Ivory Coast, Liberia, Mali, Nigeria, Senegal, Sierre Leone, Togo.
West-Central Tropical Africa
Burundi, Cabinda, Central African Republic, Cameroon, Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Gulf of Guinea Islands, Rwanda, Zaïre.
Northeast Tropical Africa
Chad, Sudan,
East Tropical Africa
Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda.
South Tropical Africa
Angola, Malawi, Mozambique, Zambia, Zimbabwe.
Western Indian Ocean
Mauritius, Madagascar, Réunion, Rodrigues, Seychelles.
Asia-Temperate
China
China South-Central, Hainan, China Southeast, Tibet.
Eastern Asia
Taiwan.
Asia-Tropical
Indian Subcontinent
Assam, Bangladesh, East Himalaya, India, Nepal, Sri Lanka, West Himalaya.
Indo-China
Andaman Islands, Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, Nicobar Islands, Thailand, Vietnam.
Malesia
Borneo, Jawa, Lesser Sunda Islands, Malaya, Maluku, Philippines, Sulawesi, Sumatera.
Papuasia
Bismarck Archipelago, New Guinea, Solomon Islands.
Australasia
Australia
New South Wales, Northern Territory, Queensland.
Pacific
Southwestern Pacific
Fiji, Gilbert Islands, Niue, New Caledonia, Samoa, Tonga, Vanuatu, Wallis-Futuna Islands.
South-Central Pacific
Cook Islands, Marquesas, Pitcairn Islands, Society Islands, Tubuai Islands.
Northwestern Pacific
Caroline Islands, Marianas, Marshall Islands.
Southern America
Central America
Belize, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama.
Caribbean
Bahamas, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Haiti, Leeward Islands, Puerto Rico, trt Windward Islands.
Northern South America
French Guiana, Guyana, Suriname, Venezuela.
Western South America
Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru.
Brazil
Brazil West-Central, Brazil Northeast, Brazil Southeast, Brazil North, Brazil South.
Southern South America
Argentina Northeast, Paraguay.

References: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2nd Edition
References

Linnaeus, C. 1753. Species Plantarum 1: 110.
De Block, P. 2014. A synopsis of the multilocular species of Ixora (Rubiaceae) from Madagascar. Phytotaxa 162(3): 121–133. DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.162.3.1 Reference page.
Farr, E.R. & Zijlstra, G. (eds.) 1996 onwards. Ixora in Index Nominum Genericorum (Plantarum). Accessed: 2011 Apr 24.
Govaerts, R. et al. 2019. Ixora in World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2019 Jan. 21. Reference page.

Vernacular names
English: West Indian Jasmine

Ixora is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. It is the only genus in the tribe Ixoreae. It consists of tropical evergreen trees and shrubs and holds around 562 species.[1] Though native to the tropical and subtropical areas throughout the world, its centre of diversity is in Tropical Asia. Ixora also grows commonly in subtropical climates in the United States, such as Florida where it is commonly known as West Indian jasmine. Other common names include viruchi,kiskaara ,kepale , rangan, kheme, ponna, chann tanea, techi, pan, siantan, jarum-jarum/jejarum, jungle flame, jungle geranium, and cruz de Malta, among others. The plants possess leathery leaves, ranging from 3 to 6 inches in length, and produce large clusters of tiny flowers in the summer. Members of Ixora prefer acidic soil, and are suitable choices for bonsai. It is also a popular choice for hedges in parts of South East Asia. In tropical climates they flower year round and are commonly used in Hindu worship, as well as in ayurveda and Indian folk medicine.
Selected species
Main article: List of Ixora species

Ixora albersii K.Schum.
Ixora backeri Bremek.
Ixora beckleri Benth.
Ixora brevipedunculata Fosberg
Ixora calycina Thwaites
Ixora chinensis Lam.
Ixora coccinea L.
Ixora elongata B.Heyne ex G.Don
Ixora euosmia K.Schum.
Ixora finlaysoniana Wall. ex G.Don
Ixora foliosa Hiern
Ixora johnsonii Hook.f.
Ixora jucunda Thwaites
Ixora killipii Standl.
Ixora lawsonii Gamble
Ixora malabarica (Dennst.) Mabb.
Ixora margaretae (N.Hallé) Mouly & B.Bremer
Ixora marquesensis F.Br.
Ixora mooreensis (Nadeaud) Fosberg
Ixora nigerica Keay
Ixora nigricans R.Br. ex Wight & Arn.
Ixora ooumuensis J.Florence
Ixora panurensis Müll.Arg.
Ixora pavetta Andr.
Ixora peruviana (Spruce ex K.Schum.) Standl.
Ixora pudica Baker
Ixora raiateensis J.W.Moore
Ixora raivavaensis Fosberg
Ixora rufa Müll.Arg.
Ixora saulierei Gamble
Ixora setchellii Fosberg
Ixora st-johnii Fosberg
Ixora stokesii F.Br.
Ixora temehaniensis J.W.Moore
Ixora ulei K.Krause
Ixora umbellata Valeton
Ixora yavitensis Steyerm.

References

"The World Checklist of Rubiaceae". Retrieved 16 November 2017.