Cynanchinae

Life-forms

Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Cladus: Angiosperms
Cladus: Eudicots
Cladus: Core eudicots
Cladus: Asterids
Cladus: Lamiids
Ordo: Gentianales

Familia: Apocynaceae
Subfamilia: Asclepiadoideae
Tribus: Asclepiadeae
Subtribus: Cynanchinae
Genera: Cynanchum – Mahawoa – Schizostephanus
Name

Cynanchinae K.Schum. (1895)

Type genus: Cynanchum L.

Note: Mahawoa placed here by Endress et al. (2014) but found to be an Asclepiadeae of uncertain subtribal relationships by Khanum et al. (2016). Except Schizostephanus all other genera subsumed into Cynanchum s.l. by Khanum et al. (2016) and Govaerts et al. (2017).
References

Schumann, K.M. in Engler, H.G.A. & Prantl, K.A.E. 1895: Nat. Pflanzenfam. IV, 2: 209, 245.
Endress, M.E., Liede-Schumann, S. & Meve, U. 2014. An updated classification for Apocynaceae. Phytotaxa 159(3): 175–194. DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.159.3.2 ResearchGate Reference page.
Khanum, R., Surveswaran, S., Meve, U. & Liede-Schumann, S. 2016. Cynanchum (Apocynaceae: Asclepiadoideae): A pantropical Asclepiadoid genus revisited. Taxon 65(3): 467–486. DOI: 10.12705/653.3 ResearchGate Reference page.
Meve, U. & Liede-Schumann, S. 2012. Taxonomic dissolution of Sarcostemma (Apocynaceae: Asclepiadoideae). Kew Bulletin 67(4): 751–758. DOI: 10.1007/s12225-012-9384-2 ResearchGate Reference page.
USDA: GRIN Taxonomy for Plants[1] (20 March 2006)