Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Superphylum: Deuterostomia
Phylum: Chordata
Cladus: Craniata
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Infraphylum: Gnathostomata
Superclassis: Tetrapoda
Cladus: Reptiliomorpha
Cladus: Amniota
Cladus: Synapsida
Cladus: Eupelycosauria
Cladus: Sphenacodontia
Cladus: Sphenacodontoidea
Ordo: Therapsida
Cladus: Theriodontia
Subordo: Cynodontia
Cladus: Mammaliaformes
Classis: Mammalia
Subclassis: Trechnotheria
Infraclassis: Zatheria
Supercohort: Theria
Cohort: Eutheria
Cohort: Placentalia
Cladus: Boreoeutheria
Superordo: Laurasiatheria
Ordo: Chiroptera
Subordo: Microchiroptera
Superfamilia: Molossoidea
Familia: Molossidae
Genus: Tadarida
Species: T. aegyptiaca – T. australis – T. brasiliensis – T. fulminans – T. insignis – T. kuboriensis – T. latouchei – T. lobata – T. teniotis – T. ventralis
Name
Tadarida Rafinesque, 1814
Type Species: Cephalotes teniotis Rafinesque, 1814
Synonyms
Austronomus Iredale and Troughton, 1934
Dinops Savi, 1825
Dysops Cretzschmar, 1830-1831
Nictinomes Gray, 1821
Nyctinoma Bowdich, 1821
Nyctinomia Fleming, 1822
Rhizomops Legendre, 1984
References
Rafinesque, 1814. Precis Som.: 55.
Tadarida in Mammal Species of the World.
Wilson, Don E. & Reeder, DeeAnn M. (Editors) 2005. Mammal Species of the World – A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference. Third edition. ISBN 0-8018-8221-4.
Vernacular names
English: Free-tailed Bats.
The genus Tadarida has 9 or more species of free-tailed bats divided into two subgenera,[1] with the first of these containing seven species spread across the Old World (including southern Europe and North Africa, large parts of southern Asia, and India right across to Japan). Four species occur exclusively in Africa including Madagascar while two more species occur in central Papua New Guinea, and western and southern Australia, respectively.
The relatively well-known species T. teniotis, which occurs in southern Europe and North Africa, the Middle East, and across southern Asia to Japan, is known to fly often during the late afternoon, where it hawks for insects alongside swifts (Apodidae), swallows, and martins (Hirundinidae).
The other subgenus contains the widespread New World single species T. brasiliensis (subgenus Rhizomops), which ranges from the southern United States and the West Indies to Chile and Argentina. This species is noted for its massive maternity colonies in the United States, especially in the southwest, where an estimated population of over 25 million (possibly as high as 50 million) existed in Eagle Creek Cave in Arizona in the 1960s.
Taxonomy
Molecular sequence data indicate Tadarida is not a monophyletic taxon. The closest relative of Tadarida aegyptiaca of Africa and southwest Asia is Chaerephon jobimena of Madagascar. These two species plus T. brasiliensis of the Americas form a clade believed to be about 9.8 million years old.[2]
The genus name Tadarida is attributed to the naturalist Constantine Samuel Rafinesque, who gave no clues to its etymology.[3] It has been suggested that the name comes from the Corsican word for bat, taddarita. [4] but no such word exists in the Corsican language (where bat is called topu pinnutu). Indeed, Rafinesque, being in Palermo, Sicily, during its studies, probably took this name from Sicilian, where the bat is called taḍḍarita,[5][6] from Greek λαχταρίδα (lachtarida) [7]
Species list for genus:
Tadarida aegyptiaca - Egyptian free-tailed bat [1]
Tadarida brasiliensis (now in subgenus Rhizomops) - Mexican free-tailed bat or Brazilian free-tailed bat
†Tadarida constantinei - Constantine's free-tailed bat
Tadarida fulminans - Madagascan large free-tailed bat
Tadarida latouchei - La Touche's free-tailed bat
Tadarida lobata - Kenyan big-eared free-tailed bat
Tadarida teniotis European free-tailed bat
Tadarida insignis - East Asian free-tailed bat
Tadarida ventralis - African giant free-tailed bat
References
Simmons, Nancy B. (2005), "Chiroptera", in Wilson, Don E.; Reeder, DeeAnn M. (eds.), Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed), Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, pp. 312–529, ISBN 978-0-8018-8221-0, retrieved 29 September 2009
Lamb, J. M.; Ralph, T. M. C.; Naidoo, T.; Taylor, P. J.; Ratrimomanarivo, F.; Stanley, W. T.; Goodman, S. M. (June 2011). "Toward a Molecular Phylogeny for the Molossidae (Chiroptera) of the Afro-Malagasy Region". Acta Chiropterologica. 13 (1): 1–16. doi:10.3161/150811011X578589.
Heidt, G. A., Elrod, D. A., & McDaniel, V. R. (1996). Biogeography of Arkansas mammals with notes on species of questionable status. Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science, 50(1), 60-65.
Riccucci, Marco (2015). "Derivation of the Generic Name Tadarida (Rafinesque, 1814)". Bat Research News.
Michele Pasqualino da Palermo (1710). Vocabolario siciliano Etimologico, Italiano e Latino. 4. Accademia della Crusca.
Riccucci, Marco (2015). "Derivation of the Generic Name Tadarida (Rafinesque, 1814)". Bat Research News. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/292979623_Derivation_of_the_Generic_Name_Tadarida_Rafinesque_1814
http://www.treccani.it/vocabolario/taddarita/
http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/classification/Tadarida.html#Tadarida
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