Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Superphylum: Deuterostomia
Phylum: Chordata
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Infraphylum: Gnathostomata
Megaclassis: Osteichthyes
Cladus: Sarcopterygii
Cladus: Rhipidistia
Cladus: Tetrapodomorpha
Cladus: Eotetrapodiformes
Cladus: Elpistostegalia
Superclassis: Tetrapoda
Cladus: Reptiliomorpha
Cladus: Amniota
Cladus: Synapsida
Cladus: Eupelycosauria
Cladus: Sphenacodontia
Cladus: Sphenacodontoidea
Cladus: Therapsida
Cladus: Theriodontia
Subordo: Cynodontia
Infraordo: Eucynodontia
Cladus: Probainognathia
Cladus: Prozostrodontia
Cladus: Mammaliaformes
Classis: Mammalia
Subclassis: Trechnotheria
Infraclassis: Zatheria
Supercohors: Theria
Cohors: Eutheria
Infraclassis: Placentalia
Cladus: Boreoeutheria
Superordo: Laurasiatheria
Ordo: Soricomorpha
Familia: Talpidae
Subfamilia: Scalopinae
Tribe: Scalopini
Genus: Scapanus
Species: S. latimanus - S. orarius - S. townsendii
Name
Scapanus (Pomel, 1848)
References
Scapanus in Mammal Species of the World.
Wilson, Don E. & Reeder, DeeAnn M. (Editors) 2005. Mammal Species of the World – A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference. Third edition. ISBN 0-8018-8221-4.
Vernacular names
English: Western Moles
Scapanus is a genus of moles in the family Talpidae.[1] They live in North America from west of the Rockies south to Baja California del Norte, and north to British Columbia, wherever conditions permit a mole population; that is to say, apart from the most sandy, rocky, or developed places. As they are one genus, they are very closely related, but as species, they rarely if ever interbreed successfully.
It contains the following living species:
Mexican mole (S. anthonyi)[2]
Northern broad-footed mole (S. latimanus)
Southern broad-footed mole (S. occultus)[3]
Coast mole (S. orarius)
Townsend's mole (S. townsendii)
In addition, there are several extinct species known from fossils.
Scapanus hagermanensis (Mid Blancan stage, Idaho)[4]
Scapanus malatinus (Blancan-Quaternary, California)[5]
Scapanus proceridens (Miocene, Oregon and Idaho)[6]
Scapanus shultzi (Miocene, California and Oregon)[7]
Distribution
Townsend's mole is primarily a Californian mole, although its range spills over into neighboring states. The broad-footed mole lives primarily in western Oregon, Washington, and southwestern British Columbia, where it often overlaps the smaller range of the Pacific or coast mole, which, as the name implies, does not tend to range as far inland. The broad-footed is one of the largest and most powerful moles, while the coast mole is a quite average-sized mole.
References
Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M., eds. (2005). Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press. ISBN 978-0-8018-8221-0. OCLC 62265494.
Yates, Terry L. and Jorge Salazar-Bravo. (2004). "A Revision Of Scapanus latimanus, with the Revalidation of a Species Of Mexican Mole". In Sánchez-Cordero V.; Medellín R.A. (eds.). Contribuciones Mastozoológicas En Homenaje A Bernardo Villa (PDF). Instituto De Biología e Ins Tituto De Ecología, Unam, México. pp. 479–496.
Castañeda, Sergio Ticul Alvarez; Cortés-Calva, Patrica (2021-05-09). "Revision of moles in the genus Scapanus". THERYA. 12 (2): 275. ISSN 2007-3364.
Hutchison, J. H. (1987). "Late Pliocene (Blancan) Scapanus (Scapanus)(Talpidae: Mammalia) from the Glenns Ferry Formation of Idaho" (PDF). PaleoBios. 12 (45): 1–7.
Hutchison, J. H. "Moles of the Scapanus latimanus group (Talpidae, Insectivora) from the Pliocene and Pleistocene of California". Contributions in Science, Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County. 386: 1–15..
"Scapanus proceridens Hutchison 1968 (mole)". Paleobiology Database. Retrieved 17 December 2021.
"Scapanus shultz Tedford 1961". Paleobiology Database. Retrieved 17 December 2021.
Scapanus, IUCN
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