Nyctimene albiventer

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Superphylum: Deuterostomia
Phylum: Chordata
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Infraphylum: Gnathostomata
Megaclassis: Osteichthyes
Cladus: Sarcopterygii
Cladus: Rhipidistia
Cladus: Tetrapodomorpha
Cladus: Eotetrapodiformes
Cladus: Elpistostegalia
Superclassis: Tetrapoda
Cladus: Reptiliomorpha
Cladus: Amniota
Cladus: Synapsida
Cladus: Eupelycosauria
Cladus: Sphenacodontia
Cladus: Sphenacodontoidea
Cladus: Therapsida
Cladus: Theriodontia
Cladus: Cynodontia
Cladus: Eucynodontia
Cladus: Probainognathia
Cladus: Prozostrodontia
Cladus: Mammaliaformes
Classis: Mammalia
Subclassis: Trechnotheria
Infraclassis: Zatheria
Supercohors: Theria
Cohors: Eutheria
Infraclassis: Placentalia
Cladus: Boreoeutheria
Superordo: Laurasiatheria
Cladus: Scrotifera
Ordo: Chiroptera
Subordo: Yinpterochiroptera

Familia: Pteropodidae
Subfamilia: Nyctimeninae
Genus: Nyctimene
Species: Nyctimene albiventer
Subspecies: N. a. albiventer – N. a. papuanus
Name

Nyctimene albiventer Gray, 1862

Type locality: Indonesia, Maluku, Morotai Island.
References

Gray. 1862. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1862: 262.

Distribution

New Guinea, Molucca Islands

Vernacular names
English: Common Tube-nosed Fruit Bat

The common tube-nosed fruit bat (Nyctimene albiventer) is a species of megabat in the family Pteropodidae. It is found at islands north of Australia, and in Indonesia, Papua New Guinea, the Philippines and the Solomon Islands.
Taxonomy

The first description of Nyctimene albiventer was provided by John Edward Gray in 1863, and allied the species by the combination Cynopterus albiventer.[2] The type, representing subspecies Nyctimene albiventer albiventer, was obtained at the Moluccas island group.[3] A part of the population which occurs on mainland Australia was recognised by this name, but specimens described by Oldfield Thomas were assigned to the species Nyctimene robinsoni in 1904.[3] The name also encompasses populations at locations which are morphologically distinct, in two separate species complexes distributed across the region, with probable and unnamed taxa sometimes occurring in sympatry; up to three sympatric species may be discerned on the main island of New Guinea.[1]

An available name, recognised as a synonym of the species, is Nyctimene papuanus K. Andersen, 1910.[1]
Behaviour

The species-group is generally solitary and adopts a daytime roost in dry foliage of the lower to mid storey of the forest. The reproduction is typical of megabats, with a single birth once a year. The offspring is carried by the mother until it advances to an age where it can be left behind while feeding.[1]

Common tube-nosed fruit bats are primarily frugivores, thriving on raw fruits. To eat, the bat will bite off small chunks of fruit while hanging horizontally. However, occasionally they are also known to eat nectar and the remains of insects.[4]
Distribution and status

The species occurs at the islands north of Cape York peninsula in Australia, but has not been recorded on the mainland. The distribution range of Nyctimene albiventer, so named, extends from the main island of Papua New Guinea to the Indonesian territories and on the region's smaller island groups. The various forms and populations are found at all altitudes below 1,900.[1]
Conservation

The IUCN classifies the species by the conservation status least concern, but recognises the likelihood of separation of the species and the need for individual revision of these. Some island populations, such as those at the Kei and Moluccan Islands or the Admiralty and Bismarck groups, may be in decline due to acknowledged threats in the region, although the extent of the impact on any putative species has not been evaluated.[1]
References

Aplin, K.; Armstrong, K.N. (2021) [amended version of 2016 assessment]. "Nyctimene albiventer". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T14962A209535483. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-3.RLTS.T14962A209535483.en. Retrieved 16 December 2023.
Gray, J.E. (1863). "Description of some new species of mammalia". Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London. 1862: 261–263.
Hall, L.S.; Richards, G. (2000). Flying Foxes: Fruit and Blossom Bats of Australia. UNSW Press. ISBN 9780868405612.
"Bat of the Week: Nyctimene albiventer – SANTANA LAB". Archived from the original on 2020-10-17. Retrieved 2020-10-14.