Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Superphylum: Deuterostomia
Phylum: Chordata
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Infraphylum: Gnathostomata
Megaclassis: Osteichthyes
Cladus: Sarcopterygii
Cladus: Rhipidistia
Cladus: Tetrapodomorpha
Cladus: Eotetrapodiformes
Cladus: Elpistostegalia
Superclassis: Tetrapoda
Cladus: Reptiliomorpha
Cladus: Amniota
Cladus: Synapsida
Cladus: Eupelycosauria
Cladus: Sphenacodontia
Cladus: Sphenacodontoidea
Cladus: Therapsida
Cladus: Theriodontia
Cladus: Cynodontia
Cladus: Eucynodontia
Cladus: Probainognathia
Cladus: Prozostrodontia
Cladus: Mammaliaformes
Classis: Mammalia
Subclassis: Trechnotheria
Infraclassis: Zatheria
Supercohors: Theria
Cohors: Eutheria
Infraclassis: Placentalia
Cladus: Boreoeutheria
Superordo: Laurasiatheria
Cladus: Scrotifera
Ordo: Chiroptera
Subordo: Yangochiroptera
Superfamilia: Vespertilionoidea
Familia: Vespertilionidae
Subfamilia: Vespertilioninae
Tribus: Pipistrellini
Genus: Nyctalus
Species: Nyctalus aviator
Name
Nyctalus aviator Thomas, 1911
Type locality: Japan, Honshu, Tokyo.
Synonyms
Nyctalus molossus Temminck, 1840
References
Thomas, 1911. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, ser. 8, 8: 380.
Conservation status: IUCN: Nyctalus aviator (Near Threatened)
Nyctalus aviator in Mammal Species of the World.
Wilson, Don E. & Reeder, DeeAnn M. (Editors) 2005. Mammal Species of the World – A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference. Third edition. ISBN 0-8018-8221-4.
Distribution
Hokkaido, Shikoku, Kyushu, Tsushima, Iki (Japan)
Korea
East & Central China
Vernacular names
English: Birdlike Noctule.
日本語: ヤマコウモリ
he birdlike noctule (Nyctalus aviator) is a species of bat. It nests in the holes in old trees and buildings, and sometimes in mineshafts. It is distributed across Northeast Asia, from northeast China and Siberia through the Korean Peninsula to Japan.
Taxonomy
The birdlike noctule was described as a new species in 1911 by British mammalogist Oldfield Thomas. Thomas assigned it the scientific name of Nyctalus aviator. The holotype had been collected in Tokyo in 1904 by H. Ogawa.[2] A 1951 publication treated it as a subspecies of the greater noctule bat with the trinomen of Nyctalus lasiopterus aviator, though it has largely been considered a full species since 1983.[3]
Description
An adult birdlike noctule has a body length of 7.1–9.5 centimetres (2.8–3.7 in), a tail of 5.5–6.4 cm (2.2–2.5 in), and a wing length of 5.8–6.0 cm (2.3–2.4 in). it birdlike noctule has a forearm length of 58–64 mm (2.3–2.5 in). Its thumb is short with a pronounced claw; the third digit is the longest, while the fifth is the shortest. Its fur is yellowish brown, velvety, and dense. The tip of its tail protrudes slightly past the edge of the uropatagium.[4]
Biology and ecology
The birdlike noctule is insectivorous,[1] though also consumes birds. Along with the greater noctule bat and the Asian great evening bat, this is one of three bat species to prey on small, nocturnally-migrating birds, pursuing them in open air.[3] At least one specific bird, Middendorff's grasshopper warbler (Locustella ochotensis), has been identified based on faecal DNA in the diet of N. aviator in Japan.[5]
Range and habitat
Its range includes China, Japan, North Korea, and South Korea. Its presence is possible but unconfirmed in Russia.[1]
Conservation
As of 2019, it is evaluated as a near-threatened species by the IUCN. It is in suspected population decline due to habitat loss and disturbance of its roost sites by humans.[1]
References
Fukui, D.; Sano, A.; Kruskop, S.V. (2019). "Nyctalus aviator". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T14921A22016483. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T14921A22016483.en. Retrieved 19 November 2021.
Thomas, O. (1911). "Two new Eastern bats". The Annals and Magazine of Natural History; Zoology, Botany, and Geology. 8. 8: 379–380.
Fukui, Dai; Dewa, Hiroshi; Katsuta, Setsuko; Sato, Akiyoshi (2013). "Bird predation by the birdlike noctule in Japan". Journal of Mammalogy. 94 (3): 657–661. doi:10.1644/12-MAMM-A-172.1.
Smith, A. T.; Xie, Y., eds. (2013). Mammals of China. Vol. 9. Princeton University Press. p. 249. ISBN 9780691154275.
Heim, Olga; Puisto, Anna I. E.; Fukui, Dai; Vesterinen, Eero J. (2019-06-22). "Molecular evidence of bird-eating behavior in Nyctalus aviator". Acta Ethologica. 22 (3): 223–226. doi:10.1007/s10211-019-00319-5. ISSN 1437-9546.
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