Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Superphylum: Deuterostomia
Phylum: Chordata
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Infraphylum: Gnathostomata
Megaclassis: Osteichthyes
Cladus: Sarcopterygii
Cladus: Rhipidistia
Cladus: Tetrapodomorpha
Cladus: Eotetrapodiformes
Cladus: Elpistostegalia
Superclassis: Tetrapoda
Cladus: Reptiliomorpha
Cladus: Amniota
Cladus: Synapsida
Cladus: Eupelycosauria
Cladus: Sphenacodontia
Cladus: Sphenacodontoidea
Cladus: Therapsida
Cladus: Theriodontia
Cladus: Cynodontia
Cladus: Eucynodontia
Cladus: Probainognathia
Cladus: Prozostrodontia
Cladus: Mammaliaformes
Classis: Mammalia
Subclassis: Trechnotheria
Infraclassis: Zatheria
Supercohors: Theria
Cohors: Eutheria
Infraclassis: Placentalia
Cladus: Boreoeutheria
Superordo: Euarchontoglires
Ordo: Rodentiaa
Subordo: Hystricomorpha
Infraordo: Hystricognathi
Parvordo: Caviomorpha
Familia: Caviidae
Subfamilia: Dolichotinae
Genus: Dolichotis
Species (2 + †6): †D. chapalmalense – †D. improla – †D. intermedia – †D. major – †D. minor – D. patagonum – †D. plathycephala – D. salinicola
Name
Dolichotis Desmarest, 1820
References
Primary references
Desmarest, A.G. 1820. Mammalogie ou Description des espèces de mammifères. Partie I. Paris. BHL Reference page.
Additional references
Campo, D.H., Caraballo, D.A., Cassini, G.H., Lucero, S.O. & Teta, P. 2020. Integrative taxonomy of extant maras supports the recognition of the genera Pediolagus and Dolichotis within the Dolichotinae (Rodentia, Caviidae). Journal of Mammalogy 101(3): 817–834. DOI: 10.1093/jmammal/gyaa038 Open access Reference page.
Madozzo-Jaén, M.C., Pérez, M.E. & Deschamps, C.M. 2021. The Oldest Species of Dolichotis (Rodentia, Hystricognathi) from the Pliocene of Argentina: Redescription and Taxonomic Status of “Orthomyctera” chapalmalense. Journal of Mammalian Evolution 28: 995–1013. DOI: 10.1007/s10914-021-09559-4 Paywall Reference page.
Dolichotis is a genus of the cavy family of rodents.[1] These large relatives of guinea pigs are common in the Patagonian steppes of Argentina, but also live in Paraguay and elsewhere in South America. It contains a single extant species, the Patagonian mara, which is one of the largest rodents in the world after the two species each of capybaras and beavers, and the large species of porcupines, reaching about 45 cm (18 in) in height.
The Chacoan mara has and sometimes still is also considered a member of this genus. However, a 2020 study by the American Society of Mammalogists found significant difference between the two mara species to warrant placing it in the genus Pediolagus.[2]
Etymology
Dolichotis means "long-eared" (from dolicho- "long" and ōt- "ear") in Ancient Greek.[3]
Species
One extant and two extinct species of in this genus are recognized:
| Image | Scientific name | Common name | Distribution |
|---|---|---|---|
 |
Dolichotis patagonum | Patagonian mara | Argentina |
Fossil species
†D. intermedia Ameghino, 1889
†D. platycephala Ameghino, 1889
Fossils are known from Argentina:[4]
Montehermosan
Andalhuala Formation
Huayquerian
Chiquimil Formation
Chapadmalalan
Barranca de los Lobos Formation
San Andrés Formation
Ensenadan
Vorohué Formation
Yupoí Formation
Lujanian
Luján Formation
References
Woods, C.A.; Kilpatrick, C.W. (2005). "Infraorder Hystricognathi". In Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M (eds.). Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 1555. ISBN 978-0-8018-8221-0. OCLC 62265494.
Campo, D.H. (2020). "Integrative taxonomy of extant maras supports the recognition of the genera Pediolagus and Dolichotis within the Dolichotinae (Rodentia, Caviidae)". Journal of Mammalogy. 101 (3): 817–834. doi:10.1093/jmammal/gyaa038.
"Dolichotis". Oxford English Dictionary (Online ed.). Oxford University Press. (Subscription or participating institution membership required.)
"Dolichotis Desmarest 1820". Fossilworks. Retrieved 2022-12-29.
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