Berardius bairdii

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Superphylum: Deuterostomia
Phylum: Chordata
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Infraphylum: Gnathostomata
Megaclassis: Osteichthyes
Cladus: Sarcopterygii
Cladus: Rhipidistia
Cladus: Tetrapodomorpha
Cladus: Eotetrapodiformes
Cladus: Elpistostegalia
Superclassis: Tetrapoda
Cladus: Reptiliomorpha
Cladus: Amniota
Cladus: Synapsida
Cladus: Eupelycosauria
Cladus: Sphenacodontia
Cladus: Sphenacodontoidea
Cladus: Therapsida
Cladus: Theriodontia
Subordo: Cynodontia
Infraordo: Eucynodontia
Cladus: Probainognathia
Cladus: Prozostrodontia
Cladus: Mammaliaformes
Classis: Mammalia
Subclassis: Trechnotheria
Infraclassis: Zatheria
Supercohors: Theria
Cohors: Eutheria
Infraclassis: Placentalia
Cladus: Boreoeutheria
Superordo: Laurasiatheria
Cladus: Euungulata
Ordo: Artiodactyla
Cladus: Artiofabula
Cladus: Cetruminantia
Subordo: Whippomorpha
Infraordo: Cetacea
Cladus: Neoceti
Parvordo: Odontoceti

Familia: Ziphiidae
Subfamilia: Berardiinae
Genus: Berardius
Species: Berardius bairdii
Name

Berardius bairdii Stejneger, 1883: 75

Holotype: USNM 20992, skull and mandibule, collected by N. Grebnitzky on Autumn 1882.
Type locality: “found stranded in Stare Gavan, on the eastern shore of Bering Island”.

Synonyms

Berardius vegae Malm, 1883: 109 [synonymized by True (1910: 60)]

Holotype: SMNH, partial skull, collected by Vega Expedition in 1879.
Type locality: “Behringön [=Bering Island]”.

Native distribution areas

North Pacific Ocean

References
Primary references

Stejneger, L. 1883. Contributions to the history of the Commander Islands. No. 1-Notes on the natural history, including descriptions of new cetaceans. Proceedings of the United States National Museum 6: 58–89. BHL
Malm, A.W. 1883. Skelettdelar af hval, insamlade under expeditionear med Vega 1878-1880. Bihang Till Kongliga Svenska vetenskaps-akademiens Handlingar 8(4): 1–114. BHL
True, F.W. 1910. An account of the beaked whales of the family Ziphiidae in the collection of the United States National Museum, with remarks of some specimens in other American museums. Bulletin of the United States National Museum 73: 1–89. BHL

Links

Berardius bairdii in Mammal Species of the World.
Wilson, Don E. & Reeder, DeeAnn M. (Editors) 2005. Mammal Species of the World – A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference. Third edition. ISBN 0-8018-8221-4.
Taylor, B.L., Baird, R., Barlow, J., Dawson, S.M., Ford, J., Mead, J.G., Notarbartolo di Sciara, G., Wade, P. & Pitman, R.L. 2008. IUCN: Berardius bairdii (Data Deficient). The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2008: e.T2763A9478643. DOI: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2008.RLTS.T2763A9478643.en
Berardius bairdii in the World Register of Marine Species
Smithsonian Institution - North American Mammals: Berardius bairdii

Vernacular names
Deutsch: Baird-Wal
English: Baird's Beaked Whale
español: Zifio de Baird
suomi: Pohjoisennelihammasvalas
français: Bérardie de Baird
日本語: ツチクジラ
Nederlands: Zwarte dolfijn
português do Brasil: Baleia-bicuda-de-baird
Türkçe: Dev şişe burunlu balina
中文: 拜氏贝喙鲸

Baird's beaked whale (Berardius bairdii), also known as the northern giant bottlenose whale, North Pacific bottlenose whale, giant four-toothed whale, northern four-toothed whale and the North Pacific four-toothed whale, is a species of whale from the genus Berardius. Baird's and Arnoux's beaked whales are so similar that researchers have debated whether or not they are simply two populations of the same species. However, genetic evidence and their wide geographical separation has led them to be classified as separate. Baird's beaked whale is the second largest living species of toothed whale after the sperm whale.
Taxonomy

Baird's beaked whales were first described in 1883 by American zoologist Leonhard Stejneger based on a skull from a specimen that had been found stranded on the eastern shore of Bering Island the previous fall. The species was named after Spencer Fullerton Baird, the then Secretary of the Smithsonian.[3] A few months after Stejneger's description was published, Swedish zoologist August Wilhelm Malm published a description of a new species in the Beradius genus, Beradius vegae, based on a portion of a skull found on Bering Island in 1879. Beradius vegae was later determined to be a junior synonym of Beradius bairdii.[4][5]
Description

The species reaches lengths of about 11.9 metres (39 ft) for males and 12.8 metres (42 ft) for females.[6] The snout, called a beak, is elongated and lacks all teeth except for one or two sets in the lower mandible, which are called "battle teeth" for their use in intra-species conflict. Individuals often bear scars from such confrontations.

Baird's beaked whale can live for up to 84 years.[7]
Distribution

The species occurs the North Pacific Ocean and the Japan, Okhotsk, and Bering Seas. It is a deep-water species, primarily frequenting depths between 1,000 m and 3,000 m.
References

Taylor, B.L.; Brownell Jr.; R.L. (2020). "Berardius bairdii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T2763A50351457. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T2763A50351457.en. Retrieved 19 November 2021.
"Appendices | CITES". cites.org. Retrieved 2022-01-14.
Stejneger, Leonhard (1883). "Contributions to the history of the Commander Islands. No. 1. Notes on the natural history, including descriptions of new cetaceans" (PDF). Proceedings of the United States National Museum: 58–89. Retrieved January 20, 2022.
True, Frederick W. (1910). "An account of the beaked whales of the family Ziphiidae in the collection of the United States National Museum, with remarks on some specimens in other American museums". Bulletin of the United States National Museum. 73 (73): 60–89. doi:10.5479/si.03629236.73.i. hdl:2027/uiug.30112106907329. Retrieved 20 January 2022.
Yamada, T.K.; Kitamura, S.; Abe, S.; Tajima, Y.; Matsuda, A.; Mead, J.G.; Matsuishi, T.F. (2019). "Description of a new species of beaked whale (Berardius) found in the North Pacific". Scientific Reports. 9 (1): 12723. Bibcode:2019NatSR...912723Y. doi:10.1038/s41598-019-46703-w. PMC 6717206. PMID 31471538.
"Berardius bairdii". fao.org. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Retrieved 2021-07-15.
"Berardius bairdii". The Moirai - Aging Research. 2016-10-19. Archived from the original on 21 November 2016. Retrieved 2016-11-20.