_(15934995386).jpg)
Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Superphylum: Deuterostomia
Phylum: Chordata
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Infraphylum: Gnathostomata
Megaclassis: Osteichthyes
Cladus: Sarcopterygii
Cladus: Rhipidistia
Cladus: Tetrapodomorpha
Cladus: Eotetrapodiformes
Cladus: Elpistostegalia
Superclassis: Tetrapoda
Cladus: Reptiliomorpha
Cladus: Amniota
Classis: Reptilia
Cladus: Eureptilia
Cladus: Romeriida
Subclassis: Diapsida
Cladus: Sauria
Infraclassis: Archosauromorpha
Cladus: Crurotarsi
Divisio: Archosauria
Cladus: Avemetatarsalia
Cladus: Ornithodira
Subtaxon: Dinosauromorpha
Cladus: Dinosauriformes
Cladus: Dracohors
Cladus: Dinosauria
Ordo: Saurischia
Cladus: Eusaurischia
Subordo: Theropoda
Cladus: Neotheropoda
Cladus: Averostra
Cladus: Tetanurae
Cladus: Avetheropoda
Cladus: Coelurosauria
Cladus: Tyrannoraptora
Cladus: Maniraptoromorpha
Cladus: Maniraptoriformes
Cladus: Maniraptora
Cladus: Pennaraptora
Cladus: Paraves
Cladus: Eumaniraptora
Cladus: Avialae
Infraclassis: Aves
Cladus: Euavialae
Cladus: Avebrevicauda
Cladus: Pygostylia
Cladus: Ornithothoraces
Cladus: Ornithuromorpha
Cladus: Carinatae
Parvclassis: Neornithes
Cohors: Neognathae
Cladus: Neoaves
Cladus: Telluraves
Cladus: Australaves
Ordo: Passeriformes
Subordo: Passeri
Infraordo: Passerida
Superfamilia: Sylvioidea
Familia: Hirundinidae
Genus: Tachycineta
Species: Tachycineta leucopyga
Name
Tachycineta leucopyga (Meyen, 1834)
Synonymy
Hirundo leucopyga (protonym)
Tachycineta meyeni (Cabanis, 1850)
References
Nova acta physico-medica Academiae Caesareae Leopoldino-Carolinae 16 (Suppl.): 73, pl.10 fig.2.
Vernacular names
Cymraeg: Gwennol dinwen y De
Deutsch: Chileschwalbe
English: Chilean Swallow
español: Golondrina Chilena
فارسی: پرستوی شیلی
français: Hirondelle du Chili
magyar: Chilei fecske
Nederlands: Chileense zwaluw
português: Andorinha-chilena
svenska: Chilesvala
The Chilean swallow (Tachycineta leucopyga) is a species of bird in the family Hirundinidae. It breeds in Chile and Patagonia, migrating north as far as Bolivia, Paraguay, and Rio Grande do Sul.
Taxonomy and etymology
The new genus Tachycineta was created for this group of swallows by German ornithologist Jean Cabanis in 1850.[2] The current genus name Tachycineta, is from Ancient Greek takhukinetos, "moving quickly", and the specific meyeni commemorates Prussian botanist and collector Franz Meyen.[3] Some consider the species name to be leucopyga, which is what the species name originally was.[4] This species, along with the white-rumped swallow, T. leucorrhoa, form a superspecies. This species is monotypic.[5]
Description
The Chilean swallow is about 13 centimetres (5.1 in) in length and weighs 15–20 grams (0.53–0.71 oz). It is glossy blue-black above and white below with a white rump.[4] Its wings and tail are black, with white tips on its inner secondaries and its tertials. Their underwing coverts and auxiliaries are both grey. The Chilean swallow's bill and legs are black.[6] The sexes are alike, and the juveniles are duller and browner.[5]
It is similar to the white-rumped swallow, but lacks the white forehead of that species and has bluer upperparts and grey underwing-coverts. In addition to this, the breeding ranges of the two have almost no overlap.[5][4]
White belly, Chile
White rump patch, Chile
Distribution
This swallow is native to Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Falkland Islands, Paraguay, and Uruguay. It is vagrant to South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands. This swallow can also be found in Peru, but its origin is uncertain.[1] Its breeding range is from the Atacama Desert in Chile and most of Argentina to the southern tip of South America. It is a year-round resident to the northern part of its range, but it is known to be migratory in the southern part. It is not well known where this population winters, but it seems to winter in northern Argentina, southern Brazil, Uruguay, and possibly Bolivia.[4]
Behaviour
Breeding
This species has been seen to nest in both artificial and natural cavities, usually near water. They are usually solitary, although they will occasionally nest in loose groups if nest sites are near each other. Their nests are made from mud or dry grass and are lined with feathers.[5][4]
This swallow is a seasonal breeder. It usually breeds from September and sometimes early October, especially near the tip of South America, to February. In Chile, it usually raises two to three broods.[5][4]
The Chilean swallow usually has a clutch of four to six white eggs. The eggs usually measure 17.8 mm–21 mm × 13 mm–14.3 mm (0.70 in–0.83 in × 0.51 in–0.56 in) and usually weigh around 2 g (0.071 oz).[5][4]
After the breeding season, it is found that the Chilean swallow forms flocks.[5][4]
Diet
These birds are insectivores, usually feeding on flying insects. They usually forage alone or in small groups. When foraging, their flight paths are low and direct.[5][4]
Status
The Chilean swallow is evaluated to be least concern by the IUCN. The justification for this is the fact that the species is believed to have a range of about 2,180,000 km2 (840,000 sq mi), its population is increasing, and the population is not believed to be small enough to be vulnerable under the population size criterion.[1]
References
BirdLife International (2012). "Tachycineta meyeni". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2012. Retrieved 26 November 2013.
Cabanis, Jean (1850). Museum Heineanum : Verzeichniss der ornithologischen Sammlung des Oberamtmann Ferdinand Heine auf Gut St. Burchard vor Halberstatdt (in German). Vol. 1. Halberstadt: Independently commissioned by R. Frantz. p. 48. Retrieved December 4, 2016.
Jobling, James A (2010). The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names. London: Christopher Helm. pp. 253, 377. ISBN 978-1-4081-2501-4.
Marion, Jonah Seth (2010). Schulenberg, Thomas S. (ed.). "Chilean Swallow (Tachycineta meyeni), Neotropical Birds Online". Retrieved December 10, 2016.
Turner, Angela (2013). del Hoyo, Josep; Elliott, Andrew; Sargatal, Jordi; Christie, David A.; de Juana, Eduardo (eds.). "Chilean Swallow (Tachycineta meyeni)". Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive. Barcelona: Lynx Edicions. Retrieved 11 December 2016.
"Birding Patagonia - Chilean Swallow". Retrieved December 12, 2016.
Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/"
All text is available under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License
