Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Superphylum: Deuterostomia
Phylum: Chordata
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Infraphylum: Gnathostomata
Megaclassis: Osteichthyes
Cladus: Sarcopterygii
Cladus: Rhipidistia
Cladus: Tetrapodomorpha
Cladus: Eotetrapodiformes
Cladus: Elpistostegalia
Superclassis: Tetrapoda
Cladus: Reptiliomorpha
Cladus: Amniota
Classis: Reptilia
Cladus: Eureptilia
Cladus: Romeriida
Subclassis: Diapsida
Cladus: Sauria
Infraclassis: Archosauromorpha
Cladus: Crurotarsi
Divisio: Archosauria
Cladus: Avemetatarsalia
Cladus: Ornithodira
Subtaxon: Dinosauromorpha
Cladus: Dinosauriformes
Cladus: Dracohors
Cladus: Dinosauria
Ordo: Saurischia
Cladus: Eusaurischia
Subordo: Theropoda
Cladus: Neotheropoda
Cladus: Averostra
Cladus: Tetanurae
Cladus: Avetheropoda
Cladus: Coelurosauria
Cladus: Tyrannoraptora
Cladus: Maniraptoromorpha
Cladus: Maniraptoriformes
Cladus: Maniraptora
Cladus: Pennaraptora
Cladus: Paraves
Cladus: Eumaniraptora
Cladus: Avialae
Infraclassis: Aves
Cladus: Euavialae
Cladus: Avebrevicauda
Cladus: Pygostylia
Cladus: Ornithothoraces
Cladus: Ornithuromorpha
Cladus: Carinatae
Parvclassis: Neornithes
Cohors: Neognathae
Cladus: Neoaves
Cladus: Telluraves
Cladus: Australaves
Ordo: Passeriformes
Subordo: Passeri
Infraordo: Passerida
Superfamilia: Sylvioidea
Infraclassis: Aves
Cohors: Neognathae
Cladus: Neoaves
Ordo: Passeriformes
Subordo: Passeri
Infraordo: Passerida
Superfamilia: Sylvioidea
Familiae: Acrocephalidae – Aegithalidae – Alaudidae – Alcippeidae – Bernieridae – Cettiidae – Cisticolidae – Donacobiidae – Erythrocercidae – Hyliidae – Hirundinidae – Leiothrichidae – Locustellidae – Macrosphenidae – Nicatoridae – Panuridae – Paradoxornithidae – Pellorneidae – Phylloscopidae – Pnoepygidae – Pycnonotidae – Scotocercidae – Sylviidae – Timaliidae – Zosteropidae
Name
Sylvioidea Sibley & Alquist, 1990
References
Primary references
Sibley, C.G. & Ahlquist, J.E. 1990. Phylogeny and Classification of Birds: A Study in Molecular Evolution. Yale University Press. ISBN 0-300-04085-7 Reference page.
Additional references
Ericson, P. G. P., & Johansson, U. S. (2003). Phylogeny of Passerida (Aves: Passeriformes) based on nuclear and mitochondrial sequence data. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 29: 126–138.
Beresford, P., Barker F. K., Ryan P. G., Crowe, T. M. (2005). African endemics span the tree of songbirds (Passeri): molecular systematics of several evolutionary 'enigmas'. Proc. R. Soc. Biol. Sci. Ser. B 272: 849–858 full text
Alström, P.; Ericson, P.G.P.; Olsson, U.; & Sundberg, P. 2006. Phylogeny and classification of the avian superfamily Sylvioidea. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 38 (2): 381–397. DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2005.05.015 PDF Reference page.
Gelang, M.; Cibois, A.; Pasquet, E.; Olsson, U.; Alström, P.; Ericson, P.G.P. 2009. Phylogeny of babblers (Aves, Passeriformes): major lineages, family limits and classification. Zoologica scripta 38: 225–236. DOI: 10.1111/j.1463-6409.2008.00374.x PDF Reference page.
Cibois, A., David, N., Gregory, S.M.S. & Pasquet, E. 2010. Bernieridae (Aves: Passeriformes): a family-group name for the Malagasy sylvioid radiation. Zootaxa 2554: 65–68. DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.196873PDF. Reference page.
Fregin, S., Haase, M., Olsson, U., & Alström, P. 2012. New insights into family relationships within the avian superfamily Sylvioidea (Passeriformes) based on seven molecular markers. BMC Evolutionary Biology 12(1): 157 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2148-12-157 Open access Reference page.
Cai, T., Cibois, A., Alström, P., Moyle, R.G., Kennedy, J.D., Shao, S., Zhang, R., Irestedt, M., Ericson, P.G.P, Gelang, M., Qua, Y., Lei, F. & Fjeldså, J. 2019. Near-complete phylogeny and taxonomic revision of the world’s babblers (Aves: Passeriformes). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 130: 346–356. DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2018.10.010 Reference page.
Oliveros, C.H., Field, D.J., Ksepka, D.T., Barker, F.K., Aleixo, A., Andersen, M.J., Alström, P., Benz, B.W., Braun, E.L., Braun, M.J., Bravo, G.A., Brumfield, R.T., Chesser, R.T., Claramunt, S., Cracraft, J., Cuervo, A.M., Derryberry, E.P., Glenn, T.C., Harvey, M.G., Hosner, P.A., Joseph, L., Kimball, R.T., Mack, A.L., Miskelly, C.M., Peterson A.T., Robbins, M.B., Sheldon, F.H., Silveira, L.F., Smith, B.T., White, N.D., Moyle, R.G. & Faircloth, B.C. 2019. Earth history and the passerine superradiation. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 116(16): 7916–7925 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1813206116 Open access PDF. Reference page.
Vernacular names
中文: 莺总科
Sylvioidea is a superfamily of passerine birds, one of at least three major clades within the Passerida along with the Muscicapoidea and Passeroidea. It contains about 1300 species including the Old World warblers, Old World babblers, swallows, larks and bulbuls. Members of the clade are found worldwide, but fewer species are present in the Americas.
Systematics
The superfamily Sylvioidea was first proposed in 1990 in the Sibley–Ahlquist taxonomy of birds based on DNA–DNA hybridization experiments.[1] More recent studies based on comparison of DNA sequences have failed to support the inclusion of some families such as Certhiidae (treecreepers), Sittidae (nuthatches), Paridae (tits and chickadees) and Regulidae (goldcrests and kinglets) but instead support the addition of Alaudidae (larks).[2]
Some of the families within the Sylvioidea have been greatly redefined. In particular, the Old World warbler family Sylviidae and Old World babbler family Timaliidae were used as wastebin taxa and included many species which have turned out not to be closely related. Several new families have been created and some species have been moved from one family to another.[3]
List of families
This list of 25 families is based on the molecular phylogenetic study published by Silke Fregin and colleagues in 2012.[4][5] and the revisions of the babbler group by Cai et al (2019)[6] The family sequence and number of species is from the online list of world birds maintained by Frank Gill and David Donsker on behalf of the International Ornithological Committee (IOC).[7]
Nicatoridae: nicators (3 species)
Panuridae: bearded reedling (1 species)
Alaudidae: larks (98 species)
Pycnonotidae: bulbuls (158 species)
Hirundinidae: swallows, martins (88 species)
Pnoepygidae: cupwings (5 species)
Macrosphenidae: crombecs, African warblers (18 species)
Cettiidae: Cettia bush warblers and allies (32 species)
Scotocercidae: streaked scrub warbler (1 species)
Erythrocercidae: yellow flycatchers (3 species)
Hyliidae: hylias (2 species)[8]
Aegithalidae: bushtits (13 species)
Phylloscopidae: leaf warblers and allies (80 species)
Acrocephalidae: reed warblers and allies (62 species)
Locustellidae: grassbirds and allies (66 species)
Donacobiidae: black-capped donacobius (1 species)
Bernieridae: Madagascan warblers (11 species)
Cisticolidae: cisticolas and allies (163 species)
Babbler group:[6]
Sylviidae: sylviid babblers (34 species)
Paradoxornithidae: parrotbills (37 species)
Zosteropidae: white-eyes (146 species)
Timaliidae: babblers, scimitar babblers (56 species)
Pellorneidae: fulvettas, ground babblers (65 species)
Alcippeidae: Alcippe fulvettas (10 species)
Leiothrichidae: laughingthrushes and allies (133 species)
References
Wikispecies has information related to Sylvioidea.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Sylvioidea.
Sibley, C.G.; Ahlquist, J.E. (1990). Phylogeny and Classification of Birds. A Study in Molecular Evolution. New Haven and London: Yale University Press.
Alström, Per; Ericson, Per G.P.; Olsson, Urban; Sundberg, Per (2006). "Phylogeny and classification of the avian superfamily Sylvioidea". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 38 (2): 381–397. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2005.05.015. PMID 16054402.
Boyd, John H. (2010): Sylvioidea, Aves — A Taxonomy in Flux. Retrieved 2010-01-07.
Fregin, Silke; Haase, Martin; Olsson, Urban; Alström, Per (2012). "New insights into family relationships within the avian superfamily Sylvioidea (Passeriformes) based on seven molecular markers". BMC Evolutionary Biology. 12 (157): 1–12. doi:10.1186/1471-2148-12-157. PMC 3462691. PMID 22920688.
Alström, Per; Olsson, Urban; Lei, Fumin (2013). "A review of the recent advances in the systematics of the avian superfamily Sylvioidea". Chinese Birds. 4 (2): 99–131. doi:10.5122/cbirds.2013.0016.
Cai, Tianlong; Cibois, Alice; Alström, Per; Moyle, Robert G.; Kennedy, Jonathan D.; Shao, Shimiao; Zhang, Ruiying; Irestedt, Martin; Ericson, Per G.P.; Gelang, Magnus; Qu, Yanhua; Lei, Fumin; Fjeldså, Jon (2019). "Near-complete phylogeny and taxonomic revision of the world's babblers (Aves: Passeriformes)". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 130: 346–356. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2018.10.010. ISSN 1055-7903. PMID 30321696.
Gill, F.; Donsker, D.; Rasmussen, P. (eds.). "Family index 10.2". IOC World Bird List. International Ornithological Congress. Retrieved 25 July 2020.
Gill, Frank B.; Donsker, David B., eds. (2019). "Bushtits, leaf warblers, reed warblers". IOC World Bird List. 9.2. doi:10.14344/IOC.ML.9.2. Retrieved 1 September 2019.
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