Epinotia

Life-forms

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Cladus: Protostomia
Cladus: Ecdysozoa
Cladus: Panarthropoda
Phylum: Arthropoda
Subphylum: Hexapoda
Classis: Insecta
Cladus: Dicondylia
Subclassis: Pterygota
Cladus: Metapterygota
Infraclassis: Neoptera
Cladus: Eumetabola
Cladus: Endopterygota
Superordo: Panorpida
Cladus: Amphiesmenoptera
Ordo: Lepidoptera
Subordo: Glossata
Cladus: Coelolepida
Cladus: Myoglossata
Cladus: Neolepidoptera
Infraordo: Heteroneura
Cladus: Eulepidoptera
Cladus: Ditrysia
Cladus: Apoditrysia
Superfamilia: Tortricoidea

Familia: Tortricidae
Subfamilia: Olethreutinae
Tribus: Eucosmini
Genus: Epinotia
Species: E. abbreviana – E. abnormana – E. absconditana – E. aciculana – E. aethopa – E. albangulana – E. albicapitana – E. albiguttata – E. albocephalaeis – E. algriensis – E. anepenthes – E. aquila – E. araea – E. arctostaphylana – E. aridos – E. atacta – E. autonoma – E. autumnalis – E. balsameae – E. berolinensis – E. biangulana – E. bicolor – E. bicordana – E. bigemina – E. bilunana – E. bispina – E. biuncus – E. bricelus – E. brunneomacula – E. brunneomarginata – E. brunnichana – E. bushiensis – E. canthonias – E. caprana – E. caracae – E. castaneana – E. cedricida – E. celtisana – E. cercocarpana – E. chalsocia – E. chloana – E. chlorizans – E. chlorochara – E. cineracea – E. cinereana – E. clasta – E. columbia – E. contrariana – E. corylana – E. coryli – E. crenana – E. criddleana – E. cruciana – E. cuphulana – E. demarniana – E. densiuncaria – E. deruptana – E. digitana – E. dorsifraga – E. emarginana – E. ethnica – E. evidens – E. exquisitana – E. festivana – E. fraternana – E. fujisawai – E. fumoviridana – E. gimmerthaliana – E. granitana – E. griseiblema – E. guarandae – E. hamptonana – E. hesperidana – E. heucherana – E. hopkinsana – E. huatuscana – E. huroniensis – E. hypsidryas – E. illepidosa – E. immaculata – E. immundana – E. improvisana – E. infessana – E. infuscana – E. javierana – E. johnsonana – E. kasloana – E. keiferana – E. ketamana – E. kochiana – E. lanceata – E. latiloba – E. lindana – E. lineana – E. lomonana – E. longistria – E. maculana – E. madderana – E. mahaiana – E. majorana – E. marcapatae – E. medioplagata – E. mediostria – E. medioviridana – E. melanistica – E. mercuriana – E. meritana – E. microscyphos – E. miscana – E. mniara – E. momonana – E. monticola – E. multistrigata – E. munda – E. myricana – E. nanana – E. nemorivaga – E. nigralbana – E. nigralbanoidana – E. nigricana – E. nigristriana – E. nigrovenata – E. nisella – E. niveipalpa – E. nonana – E. normanana – E. notoceliana – E. panda – E. parki – E. pentagonana – E. penthrana – E. perplexana – E. phorminx – E. phyloeorrhages – E. picea – E. piceicola – E. pinicola – E. plumbolineana – E. potosicola – E. prepuncus – E. pullata – E. pulsatillana – E. purpuriciliana – E. pusillana – E. pygmaeana – E. radicana – E. ramella – E. rasdolnyana – E. rectiplicana – E. removana – E. rotundata – E. rubiginosana – E. rubricana – E. ruidosana – E. runtunica – E. saggitana – E. salicicolana – E. seorsa – E. septemberana – E. shikokuensis – E. signatana – E. signiferana – E. silvertoniensis – E. sinuncus – E. slovacica – E. solandriana – E. solicitana – E. sordidana – E. sotipena – E. sperana – E. sticta – E. subocellana – E. subplicana – E. subsequana – E. subuculana – E. subviridis – E. takabotti – E. tecta – E. tedella – E. tenebrica – E. tenerana – E. terracoctana – E. tetraquetrana – E. thaiensis – E. thapsiana – E. tianshanensis – E. transmissana – E. trigonella – E. trossulana – E. tsugana – E. tsurugisana – E. tubuligera – E. ulmi – E. ulmicola – E. unisignana – E. vagana – E. vertumnana – E. vorana – E. walkerana – E. xandana – E. xyloryctoides – E. yoshiyasui – E. zamorata – E. zamorlojae – E. zandana
Name

Epinotia Hübner, 1816

Type species: Phalaena (Tortrix) similana Hübner,1793.
Synonyms

Acalla Hübner, [1825] 1816, Verz. bekannter Schmett. 383. Type species: Tortrix ophthalmicana Hübner, [1796-1799].
Astatia Hübner, [1825] 1816, Verz. bekannter Schmett. 377. Type species: Tortrix parmatana Hübner, [1814-1817].
Asthenia Hübner, [1825] 1816, Verz. bekannter Schmett. 381. Type species: Tortrix pygmaeana Hübner, [1796-1799].
Cartella Guenée, 1845, Annls Soc. ent. Fr (2)3: 174. Type species: Tortrix cretaceana Frölich, 1828.
Ccalla Caradja, 1916, Dt. ent. Z. Iris 30: 86. [misspelling of Acalla]
Curtella Stainton, 1859, Man. Br. Butterflies Moths 2: 201. [misspelling of Cartella]
Epinotis Kearfott, 1907, Trans. Am. ent. Soc. 33: 51. [misspelling of Epinotia]
Evertia Matsumura, 1931, 6000 Illust. Insects Japan-Empire 1070. [misspelling of Evetria]
Evetria Hübner, [1825] 1816, Verz. bekannter Schmett. 378. Type species: Tortrix piceana Hübner, [1796-1799].
Griselda Heinrich, 1923, Bull. U.S. natn. Mus. 123: 186. Type species: Griselda radicana Heinrich, 1923.
Hamuligera Obraztsov, 1946, Z. Wien. ent. Ges. 30: 31. Type species: Phalaena trimaculana Donovan, [1806].
Hikagehamakia Oku, 1974, Kontyû 42: 15. Type species: Hikagehamakia albiguttata Oku, 1974.
Hypermecia Guenée, 1845, Annls Soc. ent. Fr (2)3: 173. Type species: Tortrix augustana Hübner, [1811-1813].
Lithographia Stephens, 1852, List Specimens Br. Anim. Colln. Br. Mus. 10: 32. Type species: Phalaena nisella Clerck, 1759.
Neurasthenia Pierce & Metcalfe, 1922, Genitalia Group Tortricidae Lepid. Br. Is. 65. Type species: Tortrix pygmaeana Hübner, [1796-1799].
Paedisca Treitschke, 1830, in Ochsenheimer, Schmett. Eur. 8: 188. Type species: Tortrix parmatana Hübner, [1814-1817].
Pamplasia Desmarest, 1857, in Chenu, Encyclop. Hist. Nat. (Papillons Noct.) 224. [misspelling of Pamplusia]
Pamplusia Guenée, 1845, Annls Soc. ent. Fr (2)3: 180. Type species: Coccyx monticolana Duponchel, 1842.
Panoplia Hübner, [1825], Verz. bekannter Schmett. 293. Type species: Tortrix augustana Hübner, [1811-1813].
Paragrapha Sodoffsky, 1837, Bull. Soc. Imp. Nat. Moscou 10(6): 92. [unnecessary replacement name for Paedisca]
Phlaeodes Guenée, 1845, Annls Soc. ent. Fr (2)3: 172. Type species: Tortrix frutetana Hübner, [1823-1824].
Phloeodes South, 1884, Synon. List Br. Lepid. 25. [misspelling of Phlaeodes]
Podisca Guenée, 1845, Annls Soc. ent. Fr (2)3: 174. [misspelling of Paedisca]
Poecilochroma Stephens, 1829, Nom. Br. Insects 47. Type species: Phalaena (Tortrix) solandriana Linnaeus, 1758.
Proteopteryx Walsingham, 1879, Illust. typical Specimens Lepid. Heterocera Colln. Br. Mus. 4: 68. Type species: Proteopteryx emarginana Walsingham, 1879.
Steganoptera Herrich-Schäffer, 1851, Syst. Bearbeitung Schmett. Eur. (1849): 133. [misspelling of Steganoptycha]
Steganoptica Moffat, 1889, Can. Ent. 21: 153. [misspelling of Steganoptycha]
Steganoptycha Stephens, 1829, Nom. Br. Insects 47. Type species: Pyralis boeberana Fabricius, 1787.

References

Brown, J.W., 2005: World catalogue of insects volume 5 Tortricidae.
Budashkin, Y.I. & B. Zlatkov, 2011: A new species of Epinotia Hübner, 1825 [1816] from southwestern Bulgaria (Tortricidae: Olethreutinae). Nota Lepidopterologica 34 (1): 33–37. Full article: [1].
Freeman, T.N. 1965: New Canadian species of leaf-mining Lepidoptera of conifers. Journal of Research on the Lepidoptera, 4(3): 209–220. full article (pdf). Reference page.
Hübner, 1816, Verz. bekannter Schmett.: 377.
Kawabe, A. 1978: Descriptions of three new genera and fourteen new species of the subfamily Olethreutinae from Japan (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). Tinea 10(19): 173–191. Reference page.
Liu, Y.-q. & Y. Nasu, 1993: Two new species of tortricids attacking conifers in the northwest part of China. Tyô to Ga 44 (2): 60–67. Abstract and full article: [2].
Nasu, Y. 2018. A new species of the genus Epinotia Hübner (Lepidoptera, Tortricidae, Olethreutinae) from Japan. Lepidoptera Science 69(1): 45-47. Reference page.
Razowski, J. 2016. Tortricidae (Lepidoptera) from the Fiji Islands, part 2. Polish journal of entomology 85(2): 191–223. Full article (PDF). Reference page.
Razowski, J. & Becker, V.O. 2014. Systematics and Faunistics of Neotropical Eucosmini, 2: Epinotia Hübner, Catastega Clemens, and Crocidosema Zeller (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) Polish journal of entomology 83(1): 23–59. DOI: 10.2478/pjen-2014-0003 Reference page.
Razowski, J. & Becker, V.O. 2017b: Systematics and faunistics of Neotropical Eucosmini, 3: Epinotia-group of genera (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). Polish journal of entomology, 86(4): 303-345. DOI: 10.1515/pjen-2017-0018 Reference page.
Razowski, J., Landry, B. & Roque-Albelo, L. 2008. The Tortricidae (Lepidoptera) of the Galapagos Islands, Ecuador. Revue suisse de zoologie 115(1): 185–220. BHL Reference page.
Razowski, Józef & Janusz Wojtusiak, 2009: Tortricidae (Lepidoptera) from the mountains of Ecuador and remarks on their geographical distribution. Part IV. Eastern Cordillera. Acta Zoologica Cracoviensia 51B (1-2): 119–187. doi:10.3409/azc.52b_1-2.119-187. Full article: [3].
Razowski, J. & V. Pelz 2010: Tortricidae from Chile (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). Shilap Revista de Lepidopterologia 38 (149): 5–55.
Razowski, J. & P. Trematerra, 2010: Tortricidae (Lepidoptera) from Ethiopia Journal of Entomological and Acarological Research Serie II, 42 (2): 47–79. Abstract: [4].
Razowski, J. & Wojtusiak, J., 2006: Tortricidae from Venezuela (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). Shilap Revista de Lepidopterologia 34 133): 35–79 [5]
Razowski, J. & Wojtusiak, J. 2010. Tortricidae (Lepidoptera) from Peru. Acta zoologica cracoviensia 53B(1–2): 73–159. Abstract. Reference page.
Šumpich, J., 2011: Faunistic data of several significant tortricid species from Spain with descriptions of four new species (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). Shilap Revista de Lepidopterologia 39 (154): 141–153.
Mutanen, M. et al. 2012: Epinotia cinereana (Haworth, 1811) bona sp., a Holarctic tortricid distinct from E. nisella (Clerck, 1759) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Eucosmini) as evidenced by DNA barcodes, morphology and life history. Zootaxa 3318: 1–25. Preview Reference page.

Epinotia is a very large genus of tortrix moths (family Tortricidae). It belongs to the tribe Eucosmini of subfamily Olethreutinae.[1]

Species

166 species of Epinotia were considered valid as of 2009. Though many tortrix moth genera are fairly comprehensively studied, with little other than cryptic species complexes remaining undiscovered, distinct new species of Epinotia are being described every few years or so. With such a large and insufficiently known taxon, it is of course possible that the group may not be monophyletic as circumscribed here:[2]

Epinotia abbreviana (Fabricius, 1794)
Epinotia abnormana Kuznetzov, 1973
Epinotia absconditana (Walker, 1863)
Epinotia aciculana Falkovitsh, 1965
Epinotia albangulana (Walsingham, 1879)
Epinotia albicapitana (Kearfott, 1907)
Epinotia albiguttata (Oku, 1974)
Epinotia algeriensis Chambon in Chambon, Fabre & Khemeci, 1990
Epinotia aquila Kuznetzov, 1968
Epinotia araea Diakonoff, 1983
Epinotia arctostaphylana (Kearfott, 1904)
Epinotia aridos Freeman, 1960
Epinotia atacta Diakonoff, 1992
Epinotia autonoma Falkovitsh, 1965
Epinotia autumnalis Oku, 2005
Epinotia balsameae Freeman, 1965
Epinotia biangulana (Walsingham, 1879)
Epinotia bicolor (Walsingham, 1900)
Epinotia bicordana Heinrich, 1923
Epinotia bigemina Heinrich, 1923
Epinotia bilunana
Epinotia bricelus Diakonoff, 1992
Epinotia brunnichana
Epinotia bushiensis Kawabe, 1980
Epinotia canthonias (Meyrick, 1920)
Epinotia caprana (Fabricius, 1798)
Epinotia castaneana (Walsingham, 1895)
Epinotia cedricida Diakonoff, 1969
Epinotia celtisana (Riley, 1881)
Epinotia cercocarpana (Dyar, 1903)
Epinotia chloana Razowski & Wojtusiak, 2006
Epinotia chloizans Razowski & Wojtusiak, 2006
Epinotia cineracea Nasu, 1991
Epinotia clasta Diakonoff, 1983
Epinotia columbia (Kearfott, 1904)
Epinotia contrariana (Christoph, 1882)
Epinotia corylana McDunnough, 1925
Epinotia coryli Kuznetzov, 1970
Epinotia crenana (Hübner, [1817])
Epinotia criddleana (Kearfott, 1907)
Epinotia cruciana – willow tortrix
Epinotia cuphulana (Herrich-Schäffer, 1851)
Epinotia dalmatana (Rebel, 1891)
Epinotia demarniana
Epinotia densiuncaria Kuznetzov, 1985
Epinotia deruptana Kennel, 1901
Epinotia digitana Heinrich, 1923
Epinotia dorsifraga Diakonoff, 1970
Epinotia emarginana (Walsingham, 1879)
Epinotia ethnica Heinrich, 1923
Epinotia evidens Kuznetzov, 1971
Epinotia exquisitana (Christoph, 1882)
Epinotia festivana (Hübner, [1799])
Epinotia fraternana (Haworth, [1811])
Epinotia fujisawai Kawabe, 1993
Epinotia fumoviridana Heinrich, 1923
Epinotia gimmerthaliana (Lienig & Zeller, 1846)
Epinotia granitana (Herrich-Schäffer, 1851)
Epinotia granitalis (Butler, 1881)
Epinotia hamptonana (Kearfott, 1875)
Epinotia hesperidana Kennel, 1921
Epinotia heucherana Heinrich, 1923
Epinotia hopkinsana (Kearfott, 1907)
Epinotia huroniensis Brown, 1980
Epinotia hypsidryas (Meyrick, 1925)
Epinotia illepidosa (Razowski & Wojtusiak, 2006)
Epinotia immaculata Peiu & Nemes, 1968
Epinotia immundana
Epinotia improvisana Heinrich, 1923
Epinotia infessana (Walsingham, 1900)
Epinotia infuscana (Walsingham, 1879)
Epinotia intermissa (Meyrick, 1931)
Epinotia javierana Razowski & Pelz, 2007
Epinotia johnsonana (Kearfott, 1907)
Epinotia kasloana McDunnough, 1925
Epinotia keiferana Lange, 1937
Epinotia ketamana (Amsel, 1956)
Epinotia kochiana (Herrich-Schäffer, 1851)
Epinotia lanceata Razowski, 1999
Epinotia lindana – diamondback epinotia moth
Epinotia lomonana (Kearfott, 1907)
Epinotia maculana
Epinotia madderana (Kearfott, 1907)
Epinotia majorana (Caradja, 1916)
Epinotia medioplagata (Walsingham, 1895)
Epinotia medioviridana (Kearfott, 1908)
Epinotia melanosticta (Wileman & Stringer, 1929)
Epinotia mercuriana
Epinotia meritana Heinrich, 1923
Epinotia miscana (Kearfott, 1907)
Epinotia mniara Diakonoff, 1992
Epinotia momonana (Kearfott, 1907)
Epinotia monticola Kawabe, 1993
Epinotia myricana McDunnough, 1933
Epinotia nanana
Epinotia nemorivaga (Tengstrom, 1848)
Epinotia nigralbana (Walsingham, 1879)
Epinotia nigralbanoidana McDunnough, 1929
Epinotia nigricana (Herrich-Schäffer, 1851)
Epinotia nigristriana Budashkin & Zlatkov, 2011
Epinotia nigrovenata Razowski & Pelz, 2010
Epinotia nisella (Clerck, 1759)
Epinotia niveipalpa Razowski, 2009
Epinotia nonana (Kearfott, 1907)
Epinotia normanana Kearfott, 1907
Epinotia notoceliana Kuznetzov, 1985
Epinotia parki Bae, 1997
Epinotia pentagonana Kennel, 1901
Epinotia penthrana Bradley, 1965
Epinotia phyloeorrhages Diakonoff, 1970
Epinotia piceae (Issiki in Issiki & Mutuura, 1961)
Epinotia piceicola Kuznetzov, 1970
Epinotia pinicola Kuznetzov, 1969
Epinotia plumbolineana Kearfott, 1907
Epinotia pullata (Falkovitsh in Danilevsky, Kuznetsov & Falkovitsh, 1962)
Epinotia pulsatillana (Dyar, 1903)
Epinotia purpuriciliana (Walsingham, 1879)
Epinotia pusillana
Epinotia pygmaeana – pygmy needle tortricid
Epinotia radicana (Heinrich, 1923)
Epinotia ramella
Epinotia rasdolnyana (Christoph, 1882)
Epinotia rectiplicana (Walsingham, 1879)
Epinotia removana McDunnough, 1935
Epinotia rubiginosana
Epinotia rubricana Kuznetzov, 1968
Epinotia ruidosana Heinrich, 1923
Epinotia sagittana McDunnough, 1925
Epinotia salicicolana Kuznetzov, 1968
Epinotia seorsa Heinrich, 1924
Epinotia septemberana Kearfott, 1907
Epinotia signatana
Epinotia signiferana Heinrich, 1923
Epinotia silvertoniensis Heinrich, 1923
Epinotia slovacica Patocka & Jaro, 1991
Epinotia solandriana
Epinotia solicitana (Walker, 1863)
Epinotia sordidana
Epinotia sotipena Brown, 1987
Epinotia sperana McDunnough, 1935
Epinotia subocellana (Donovan, [1806])
Epinotia subplicana (Walsingham, 1879)
Epinotia subsequana (Haworth, [1811])
Epinotia subuculana Rebel, 1903
Epinotia subviridis Heinrich, 1929
Epinotia tedella
Epinotia tenebrica Razowski & Wojtusiak, 2006
Epinotia tenerana
Epinotia terracoctana (Walsingham, 1879)
Epinotia tetraquetrana (Haworth, [1811])
Epinotia thaiensis Kawabe, 1995
Epinotia thapsiana (Zeller, 1847)
Epinotia tianshanensis Liu & Nasu, 1993
Epinotia transmissana (Walker, 1863)
Epinotia trigonella (Linnaeus, 1758)
Epinotia trossulana (Walsingham, 1879)
Epinotia tsugana Freeman, 1967
Epinotia tsurugisana Oku, 2005
Epinotia ulmi Kuznetzov, 1966
Epinotia ulmicola Kuznetzov, 1966
Epinotia unisignana Kuznetzov, 1962
Epinotia vagana Heinrich, 1923
Epinotia vertumnana (Zeller, 1875)
Epinotia vorana (Strand, 1920)
Epinotia walkerana (Kearfott, 1907)
Epinotia xandana (Kearfott, 1907)
Epinotia xyloryctoides Diakonoff, 1992
Epinotia yoshiyasui Kawabe, 1989
Epinotia zamorata Razowski, 1999
Epinotia zandana (Kearfott, 1907)

Synonyms

In particular during the early to mid-19th century, when little of the diversity of Epinotia was known, it was split into many smaller genera. Today however, these are generally – but not universally, e.g. regarding the supposedly monotypic Griselda, or Catastega which is here considered separate but included in Epinotia elsewhere[Note 1] – included here again at least pending a thorough taxonomic review. Now-invalid scientific names (junior synonyms and others) of Epinotia are:[1][Note 1]

Acalla Hübner, [1825]
Astatia Hübner, 1825
Asthenia Hübner, 1825
Cartella Stephens, 1852
Ccalla (lapsus)
Curtella (lapsus)
Epinotis (lapsus)
Evertia (lapsus)
Evetria Hübner, 1825
Griselda Heinrich, 1923
Hamuligera Obraztsov, 1946
Hikagehamakia Oku, 1974
Hypermecia Guenée, 1845
Lithographia Stephens, 1852
Neurasthenia Pierce & Metcalf, 1922
Paedisca Treitschke, 1830
Pamplasia (lapsus)
Pamplusia Guenée, 1845
Panoplia Hübner, 1825
Paragrapha Sodoffsky, 1837
Phlaeodes Guenée, 1845
Phloeodes (lapsus)
Podisca (lapsus)
Poecilochroma Stephens, 1829
Proteopteryx Walsingham, 1879
Steganoptera (lapsus)
Steganoptica (lapsus)
Steganoptycha Stephens, 1834

Halonota has also been listed[Note 1] as junior synonym of Epinotia. But its type species Pyralis populana is today placed in Pammene, and thus Halonota is a junior subjective synonym of the latter genus.[1]
References
Notes

See e.g. the references in Savela (2005, 2009)[3][4]

Bibliography

J. Baixeras, J. W. Brown & T. M. Gilligan (2009). "Genus Epinotia account". Online World Catalogue of the Tortricidae. Version 1.3.1. Retrieved January 20, 2009.
J. Baixeras, J. W. Brown & T. M. Gilligan (2009). "Epinotia species list". Online World Catalogue of the Tortricidae. Version 1.3.1. Retrieved January 20, 2009.
Markku Savela (September 13, 2005). "Griselda". Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms. Retrieved April 15, 2010.
Markku Savela (July 7, 2009). "Epinotia". Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms. Retrieved April 19, 2010.