.
1999
Element 114 (ununquadium)
Chandra X-ray Observatory
1999 — Measurements of the cosmic microwave background radiation (most notably by the BOOMERanG experiment see Mauskopf et al., 1999, Melchiorri et al., 1999, de Bernardis et al. 2000) provide evidence for oscillations (peaks) in the anisotropy angular spectrum as expected in the standard model of cosmological structure formation. These results indicates that the geometry of the universe is flat. Together with large scale structure data, this provides complementary evidence for a non-zero cosmological constant.
Aeronautics
February 27 – While trying to circumnavigate the world in a hot air balloon, Colin Prescot and Andy Elson set a new endurance record after being in a hot air balloon for 233 hours and 55 minutes.
March 3 – Bertrand Piccard and Brian Jones begin their attempt to circumnavigate the world in a hot air balloon without stopping. Their journey ended in success on March 20.
Astronomy and space exploration
Total solar eclipse of August 11, viewed from France
January 31 – A total penumbral lunar eclipse
February 7 – Stardust is launched on a mission to collect samples of a comet coma, and return them to Earth.
February 16 – Annular solar eclipse, visible from Australia.
July 20 – Mercury program: Liberty Bell 7 is raised from the Atlantic Ocean.
July 28 – Partial lunar eclipse, visible from Australia, eastern Asia, and western North America.
July 31 – NASA intentionally crashes the Lunar Prospector spacecraft into the Moon, thus ending its mission to detect frozen water on the moon's surface.
August 11 – Total solar eclipse, visible from Europe, across the Middle East, and ending in India.
December 16 – The Beethoven Burst (GRB 991216) is one of the most powerful detected Gamma-ray bursts.
NASA loses two Mars probes, the Mars Climate Orbiter and the Mars Polar Lander.
The Subaru 8.3 m and Gemini North 8.1 m reflecting telescopes open at the Mauna Kea Observatory in Hawaii.
The Cetus Dwarf galaxy is discovered.
Biology
November 1 – Agreement on the Conservation of African-Eurasian Migratory Waterbirds comes into force.
The bacterium Thiomargarita namibiensis is discovered off the coast of Namibia. At 0.3mm in diameter, it is largest bacteria yet discovered.
Chemistry
Ununoctium and Ununhexium are made for the first time. Later retracted when results could not be replicated.
Computer science
March 26 – The Melissa worm attacks the Internet.
First working 3-qubit NMR computer demonstrated at IBM's Almaden Research Center. First execution of Grover's algorithm.
Geology
January 25 – A 6.0 Richter scale earthquake hits western Colombia, killing at least 1,000.
August 17 – A 7.4-magnitude earthquake strikes northwestern Turkey, killing more than 17,000 and injuring 44,000.
Mathematics
Eric M. Rains and Neil Sloane extend tree counting.[1]
Physics
CERN: Bulgaria becomes a member of CERN.
Telecommunications
The first BlackBerry is released, using the same hardware as the Inter@ctive pager 950, and running on the Mobitex network.
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10 May 1999 discovery of 31665 Veblen
4 September 1999 discovery of 40457 Williamkuhn
6 September 1999 discovery of 40409 Taichikato
14 September 1999 discovery of 40459 Rektorys
2 October 1999 discovery of 42924 Betlem and 42981 Jenniskens
4 October 1999 discovery of 31823 Viete
6 October 1999 discovery of Callirrhoe
27 November 1999 discovery of 41206 Sciannameo
8 December 1999 discovery of 41279 Trentman
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3 March 1999 Death of Gerhard Herzberg
27 September 1999 Death of Dorothy Davis Locanthi in Glendale, California, USA
31 October 1999 Death of John Wainright Evans in Santa Fe, New Mexico, USA
24 December 1999 Death of William Hunter McCrea in Lewes, East Sussex , England
1999 Death of Gerhard Herzberg
1999 Death of Henry Bernard Davis Kettlewell
1999 Death of Gertrude Elion
1999 Death of Glenn Theodore Seaborg
1999 Death of Bjorn Wilk
Nobel Prize
Physics to Gerardus 't Hooft and Martinus J.G. Veltman "for elucidating the quantum structure of electroweak interactions in physics"
Chemistry: to Ahmed Hassan Zewail "for his studies of the transition states of chemical reactions using femtosecond spectroscopy"
Physiology or Medicine to Günter Blobel "for the discovery that proteins have intrinsic signals that govern their transport and localization in the cell"
Source: Wikipedia, : All text is available under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License
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