Cicadidae

Life-forms

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Cladus: Protostomia
Cladus: Ecdysozoa
Cladus: Panarthropoda
Phylum: Arthropoda
Subphylum: Hexapoda
Classis: Insecta
Cladus: Dicondylia
Subclassis: Pterygota
Cladus: Metapterygota
Infraclassis: Neoptera
Cladus: Eumetabola
Cladus: Paraneoptera
Superordo: Condylognatha
Ordo: Hemiptera
Subordo: Auchenorrhyncha
Infraordo: Cicadomorpha
Superfamilia: Cicadoidea

Familia: Cicadidae
Subfamiliae (4): Cicadettinae – Cicadinae – Tettigomyiinae – Tibicininae

Genera Incertae sedis: total (9):
Extant groups (1): Kintusamo
Fossil groups (8): †Burmacicada – †Camuracicada – †Davispia – †Dominicicada – †Feoichnus – †Fonsecacicada – †Miocenoprasia – †Paleopsalta

Overview of genera (473)
A

Abagazara – Abricta – Abroma – Aceropyga – Acuticephala – Acyroneura – Adelia – Adeniana – Aedeastria – Aestuansella – Aetanna – Afzeliada – Ahomana – Akamba – Alarcta – Albanycada – Aleeta – Allobroma – Ambragaeana – Amphipsalta – Anapsaltoda – Angamiana – Anopercalna – Antankaria – Aragualna – Arcystasia – Arenopsaltria – Arfaka – Ariasa – Arunta – Atrapsalta – Attenuella – Auritibicen – Auscala – Auta – Ayesha – Ayuthia – Azanicada
B

Babras – Baeturia – Bafutalna – Balinta – Basa – Bavea – Beameria – Becquartina – Berberigetta – Bergalna – Bijaurana – Birrima – Bispinalta – Biura – Borencona – Brachylobopyga – Brevisiana – Burbunga – Burmacicada – Buyisa
C

Cabecita – Cacama – Calcagninus – Caledopsalta – Caliginopsalta – Calliopsida – Callogaeana – Calopsaltria – Calyria – Camuracicada – Canualna – Capcicada – Carineta – Cephalalna – Chalumalna – Champaka – Changa – Chelapsalta – Chilecicada – Chinaria – Chlorocysta – Chloropsalta – Chonosia – Chremistica – Chrysocicada – Chrysolasia – Cicada – Cicadatra – Cicadetta – Cicadettana – Cicadmalleus – Clidophleps – Clinata – Clinopsalta – Coata – Cochleopsaltria – Conibosa – Cornuplura – Cosmopsaltria – Cracenpsaltria – Crassisternalna – Crassopsaltria – Crotopsalta – Cryptotympana – Curvicicada – Cyclochila – Cystopsaltria – Cystosoma
D

Davispia – Daza – Dazollina – Decebalus – Derotettix – Diceroprocta – Diceropyga – Diemeniana – Dilobopyga – Dimissalna – Dinarobia – Dipsopsalta – Distantada – Distantalna – Dominicicada – Dorachosa – Dorisiana – Drymopsalta – Dulderana – Dundubia – Durangona
E

Elachysoma – Elassoneura – Emathia – Erempsalta – Esada – Euboeana – Euryphara – Euterpnosia – Euthemopsaltria – Ewartia
F

Falcatpsalta – Feoichnus – Fidicina – Fidicinoides – Fijipsalta – Fonsecacicada – Formocicada – Formosemia – Formotosena – Fractuosella – Froggattoides
G

Gaeana – Gagatopsalta – Galanga – Galgoria – Gazuma – Gelidea – Germalna – Ggomapsalta – Glaucopsaltria – Graminitigrina – Graptopsaltria – Graptotettix – Guaranisaria – Gudanga – Guineapsaltria – Guyalna – Gymnotympana
H

Hadoa – Haemopsalta – Hainanosemia – Hamza – Haphsa – Hea – Heliopsalta – Hemidictya – Hemisciera – Henicopsaltria – Henicotettix – Heremusina – Herrera – Heteropsaltria – Heteropsaltria – Hilaphura – Hovana – Huechys – Hyalessa – Hyantia – Hylora
I

Illyria – Imbabura – Inflatopyga – Inthaxara – Ioba – Iruana
J

Jacatra – Jafuna – Jassopsaltria – Juanaria
K

Kageralna – Kalabita – Kamalata – Kanakia – Kaphsa – Karenia – Karscheliana – Katoa – Khimbya – Kikihia – Kintusamo – Klapperichicen – Kobonga – Koma – Kongota – Koranna – Kosemia – Kumanga
L

Lacetas – Lahugada – Lamotialna – Lembeja – Lemuriana – Leptopsaltria – Leptosemia – Lethama – Ligymolpa – Limnopsalta – Linguacicada – Luangwana – Lycurgus
M

Macrosemia – Macrotristria – Magicicada – Majeorona – Malagasia – Malgachialna – Malgotilia – Malloryalna – Manna – Maoricicada – Mapondera – Mariekea – Maroboduus – Marteena – Masamia – Masupha – Mata – Maua – Megapomponia – Megatibicen – Meimuna – Melampsalta – Melanesiana – Mendozana – Minilomia – Minipomponia – Miniterpnosia – Minyscapheus – Miocenoprasia – Mirabilopsaltria – Miranha – Moana – Mogannia – Monomatapa – Mosaica – Mouia – Muansa – Muda – Mugadina – Munza – Mura – Muraoides – Murmurillana – Murphyalna – Musimoia – Musoda – Myersalna – Myopsalta
N

Nabalua – Nablistes – Nanopsalta – Nelcyndana – Neocicada – Neomuda – Neoncotympana – Neoplatypedia – Neopsaltoda – Neopunia – Neoterpnosia – Neotibicen – Nggeliana – Nggeliana – Nigripsaltria – Noongara – Nosola – Notopsalta – Novemcella – Nyara
O

Odopoea – Okanagana – Okanagodes – Oligoglena – Ollanta – Oncotympana – Onomacritus – Onoralna – Orapa – Orellana – Orialella – Orientopsaltria – Oudeboschia – Owra – Oxypleura
P

Pacarina – Pachypsaltria – Paectira – Pagiphora – Paharia – Pakidetta – Palapsalta – Paleopsalta – Panialna – Panka – Papuapsaltria – Paracicadetta – Paradina – Paranistria – Paranosia – Paratalainga – Paratanna – Parnisa – Parnkalla – Parnquila – Parvittya – Paulaudalna – Pauropsalta – Philipsalta – Physeema – Pictila – Pinheya – Pipilopsalta – Platylomia – Platypedia – Platypleura – Platypsalta – Plautilla – Plerapsalta – Polyneura – Pompanonia – Pomponia – Popplepsalta – Poviliana – Prasia – Prasinosoma – Proarna – Procollina – Prosotettix – Prunasis – Psallodia – Psalmocharias – Psaltoda – Psephenotettix – Pseudokanakia – Pseudotettigetta – Psilotympana – Psithyristria – Punia – Purana – Puranoides – Pycna – Pyropsalta
Q

Quesada – Quintilia – Qurana
R

Raiateana – Relictapsalta – Rhadinopyga – Rhinopsalta – Rhodopsalta – Rouxalna – Rustia
S

Sadaka – Salvazana – Samaecicada – Sapantanga – Saticula – Scieroptera – Scolopita – Scottotympana – Sechellalna – Selymbria – Semia – Severiana – Shaoshia – Simona – Sinapsaltria – Sinosemia – Sinotympana – Songga – Soudaniella – Spoerryana – Stagea – Stagira – Stellenboschia – Strepuntalna – Strumosella – Strumoseura – Subpsaltria – Subtibicina – Suisha – Sulphogaeana – Sundabroma – Sylphoides
T

Tacua – Taipinga – Taiwanosemia – Takapsalta – Talainga – Talcopsaltria – Tamasa – Tanna – Taona – Taphura – Taungia – Taurella – Telmapsalta – Terepsalta – Terpnosia – Tettigades – Tettigetta – Tettigettacula – Tettigettalna – Tettigettula – Tettigomyia – Tettigotoma – Thaumastopsaltria – Thopha – Tibeta – Tibicen – Tibicina – Tibicinoides – Torrescada – Tosena – Toulgoetalna – Toxala – Toxopeusella – Trengganua – Triglena – Trismarcha – Tryella – Tugelana – Tymocicada – Tympanistalna – Tympanoterpes
U

Ueana – Ugada – Uhleroides – Umjaba – Unduncus – Unipomponia – Urabunana – Uradolichos
V

Vagitanus – Vastarena – Venustria – Viettealna
X

Xeropsalta – Xosopsaltria – Xossarella
Y

Yanga – Yezoterpnosia – Yoyetta
Z

Zammara – Zammaralna – Zaphsa – Zouga
Name

Cicadidae Latreille, 1802
References

Latreille, P.A. 1802. Histoire naturelle, générale et particulière des crustacés et des insectes. Ouvrage faisant suite à l’histoire naturelle générale et particulière, composée par Leclerc de Buffon, et rédigée par C.S. Sonnini, membre de plusieurs sociétés savantes. Familles naturelles des genres. Tome troisième. F. Dufart, Paris, xii + pp. 13–467 + [1 (errata)]. BHL Reference page.
Arensburger, P.; Buckley, T.R.; Simon, C.; Moulds, M.; Holsinger, K.E. 2004: Biogeography and phylogeny of the New Zealand cicada genera (Hemiptera: Cicadidae) based on nuclear and mitochondrial DNA data. Journal of biogeography, 31: 557–569. DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2699.2003.01012.x PDF
Armstrong, A.J. & Villet, M.H. 2019. Checklist, endemism, English vernacular names and identification of the cicadas (Insecta, Hemiptera, Cicadidae) of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. African Invertebrates, 60: 165–193. DOI: 10.3897/afrinvertebr.60.35130 Reference page.
Cui, B-B. & Wei, C. 2018. Ultrastructure of spermatozoa in three cicada species from China (Hemiptera, Cicadomorpha, Cicadidae). ZooKeys 776: 61–80. DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.776.26966 Reference page.
Delorme, Q. 2017. Description of four new genera and five new species of cicadas from New Caledonia (Insecta: Hemiptera, Cicadoidea, Cicadidae). Zootaxa 4243(1): 97–124. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4243.1.4. Reference page.
Delorme, Q. 2018. Germalna, a new genus for the New Caledonian cicada previously assigned to the genus Melampsalta Kolenati, plus a complement to the description of the genus Rouxalna Boulard, with the description of two new species (Insecta: Hemiptera, Cicadoidea, Cicadidae). Zootaxa 4377(1): 74–90. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4377.1.5 Reference page.
Delorme, Q., Mille, C. & Jourdan, H. 2016. A review of the genus Kanakia Distant, 1892 (Insecta: Hemiptera, Cicadoidea, Cicadidae) from New Caledonia. Zootaxa 4092(3): 301–338. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4092.3.1.Reference page.
Duffels, J.P., 2009: A revision of the cicadas of the genus Maua Distant (Hemiptera: Cicadidae) from Sundaland. Tijdschrift voor Entomologie 152 (2): 303–332. Abstract
Lee, Y.J. 2010: Cicadas (Insecta: Hemiptera: Cicadidae) of Mindanao, Philippines, with the description of a new genus and a new species. Zootaxa, 2351: 14–28. Preview
Lee, Y.J. 2010: A checklist of Cicadidae (Insecta: Hemiptera) from Cambodia, with two new species and a key to the genus Lemuriana. Zootaxa, 2487: 19–32. Preview
Lee, Y.J. 2010: Checklist of cicadas (Hemiptera: Cicadidae) of Luzon, Philippines, with six new species and revised keys to the species of Oncotympana Stål and Psithyristria Stål. Zootaxa, 2621: 1–28. 2017ss.com/zootaxa/2010/f/z02621p028f.pdf Preview
Lee, Y.J. 2015. Additional records of cicadas (Hemiptera: Cicadidae) to the fauna of Mindanao, Philippines, with the description of three new species and a key to the species of Champaka Distant. Zootaxa 4007(4): 545–566. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4007.4.5. Preview (PDF) Reference page.
Lee, Y.J., Marshall, D.C., Mohagan, A.B. & Hill, K.B.R. 2016. Cicadas (Hemiptera: Cicadidae) from Camiguin of Mindanao Province and Dinagat Island in the Philippines, with a new genus and three new species. Zootaxa 4097(1): 187–202. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4097.1.2 Reference page.
Lenicov, A.M.M. De R., Maciá, A. & Pianzola, B. 2015: Cicadidae types (Hemiptera-Cicadomorpha) housed at the Museo de La Plata entomological collection (Argentina). Zootaxa 3974(3): 301–327. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3974.3.1. Preview (PDF) Reference page.
Moulds, M.S. 2005: An appraisal of the higher classification of cicadas (Hemiptera : Cicadoidea) with special reference to the Australian fauna. Records of the Australian Museum, 57: 375–446. PDF
Sanborn, A.F., 2005: Rhadinopyga duffelsi, a new cicada species from New Guinea (Hemiptera: Cicadomorpha: Cicadidae). Tijdschrift voor Entomologie, 148 (1): 21–25. Full article (PDF)
Sanborn, A.F. 2009: Checklist, new species and key to the cicadas of Cuba (Hemiptera, Cicadoidea, Cicadidae). Deutsche entomologische Zeitschrift, 56(1): 85–92. DOI: 10.1002/mmnd.200900007
Sanborn, A.F. 2015. New combinations for six species belonging to Cryptotympanini Handlirsch (Hemiptera: Cicadidae), former members of the genus Tibicen Latreille, 1825. Zootaxa 4027(3): 447–450. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4027.3.9. Preview (PDF) Reference page.
Sanborn, A.F. 2018. The cicada genus Procollina Metcalf, 1952 (Hemiptera: Cicadidae): redescription including fourteen new species, with a key to the species of the subtribe Dazina Kato, 1932 rev. stat., the description of the Aragualnini n. tribe, and one new combination. Zootaxa 4389(1): 1–65. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4389.1.1 Reference page.
Sanborn, A.F. & Heath, M.S. 2014. The cicadas of Argentina with new records, a new genus and fifteen new species (Hemiptera: Cicadoidea: Cicadidae). Zootaxa 3883(1): 1–94. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3883.1.1 Reference page.
Sanborn, A.F. & Heath, M.S. 2017. Replacement name for the cicada genus Torresia Sanborn and Heath, 2014 (Hemiptera: Cicadidae: Tibicininae: Tettigadini) and two new combinations. Zootaxa 4286(1): 115–115. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4286.1.6. Reference page.
Thai, P.H.; Yang, J.-t. 2009: A contribution to the Cicadidae fauna of Vietnam (Hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha), with one new species and twenty new records. Zootaxa, 2249: 1–19. Abstract & excerpt
Yang, M.; Wei, C. 2013: A checklist of the cicadas (Hemiptera: Cicadidae) of Hainan Island, China, with description of a new species. Zootaxa 3731(1): 113–132. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3731.1.5 Reference page.
Marshall, David C. ; Moulds, Max ; Hill, Kathy B. R. ; Price, Benjamin W. ; Wade, Elizabeth ; Owen, Christopher L. ; Goemans, Geert ; Marathe, Kiran ; Sarkar, Vivek ; Cooley, John R. ; Sanborn, Allen F. ; Kunte, Krushnamegh ; Villet, Martin H. ; Simon, Chris 2018: A molecular phylogeny of the cicadas (Hemiptera: Cicadidae) with a review of tribe and subfamily classification; Zootaxa, 4424: 1–64 Full article
Moulds, M.S. 2018. Cicada fossils (Cicadoidea: Tettigarctidae and Cicadidae) with a review of the named fossilised Cicadidae. Zootaxa 4438(3): 443–470. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4438.3.2 Open access PDF Reference page.

Additional references

Ashton, H. 1912. Catalogue of the Victorian Cicadidae in the National Museum, Melbourne. Memoirs of the National Museum, Melbourne, 4: 23–29, plate IV. DOI: 10.24199/j.mmv.1912.4.03 Open access. Reference page.
Ashton, H. 1912: Descriptions of new Australian Cicadidae in the National Museum, Melbourne. Memoirs of the National Museum, Melbourne, 4: 30–32, plate IV. DOI: 10.24199/j.mmv.1912.4.04 Open access. Reference page.
Price, B.W., Allan, E.L., Marathe, K., Sarkar, V., Simon, C. & Kunte, K. 2016. The cicadas (Hemiptera: Cicadidae) of India, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Myanmar, Nepal and Sri Lanka: an annotated provisional catalogue, regional checklist and bibliography. Biodiversity Data Journal 4: e8051. DOI: 10.3897/BDJ.4.e8051. Reference page.
A new species and first record of the cicada genus Sinotympana Lee, 2009 (Hemiptera: Cicadidae: Dundubiini) from Vietnam Zootaxa Vol 4664, No 4 trang 565–573 ngày 5/9/2019 DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4664.4.8

Links

Cicadidae - Taxon details in World Auchenorrhyncha Database

Vernacular names
অসমীয়া: ঝিলী
English: Cicada
magyar: Énekeskabóca-félék
日本語: セミ科
português: cigarra, cega-rega
中文: 蝉科

Cicadidae, the true cicadas,[1] is the largest family of cicadas, with more than 3,200 species worldwide. The oldest known definitive fossils are from the Paleocene, a nymph from the Cretaceous Burmese amber has been attributed to the family, but could also belong to the Tettigarctidae.[2]

Description and Life Cycle
Description

Cicadas are large insects characterized by their membranous wings, triangular-formation of three ocelli on the top of their heads, and their short, bristle-like antennae.[3]
Life Cycle

Cicadas are generally separated into two categories based on their adult emergence pattern. Annual cicadas remain underground as nymphs for two or more years and the population is not locally synchronized in its development, so that some adults mature each year or in most years. Periodical cicadas also have multiple-year life cycles but emerge in synchrony or near synchrony in any one location and are absent as adults in the intervening years. The most well-known periodical cicadas, genus Magicicada, emerge as adults every 13 or 17 years.[4]
Ecology
Communication

Cicadas are known for the loud airborne sounds that males of most species make to attract mates. One member of this family, Brevisana brevis, the "shrill thorntree cicada", is the loudest insect in the world, able to produce a song that exceeds 100 decibels.[5] Male cicadas can produce four types of acoustic signals: songs, calls, low-amplitude songs, and disturbance sounds.[6] Unlike members of the order Orthoptera (grasshoppers, crickets, and katydids), who use stridulation to produce sounds, members of Cicadidae produce sounds using a pair of tymbals, which are modified membranes located on the abdomen. In order to produce sound, each tymbal is pulled inwards by a connected muscle, and the deformation of the stiff membrane produces a 'click.'[7]
Reproductive Behavior

Newly emerged cicadas climb up trees and molt into their adult stage, now equipped with wings. Males call to attract females, producing the distinct noisy songs cicadas are known for. Females respond to males with a 'click' made by flicking their wings. Once a male has found a female partner, his call changes to indicate that they are a mating pair.[8]
Classification

Cicadidae is one of two families within the superfamily Cicadoidea. This superfamily is in the suborder Auchenorrhyncha, containing cicadas, hoppers, and relatives, within the order Hemiptera, the true bugs. There are five subfamilies within Cicadidae: Cicadettinae, Cicadinae, Tettigomyiinae, Tibicininae,[9] and Derotettiginae.[10]

Subfamily Cicadettinae Buckton, 1890

Tribe Aragualnini Sanborn, 2018
Tribe Carinetini Distant, 1905
Tribe Chlorocystini Distant, 1905
Tribe Cicadatrini Distant, 1905
Tribe Cicadettini Buckton, 1890
Tribe Katoini Moulds & Marshall, 2018
Tribe Lamotialnini Boulard, 1976
Tribe Nelcyndanini Moulds & Marshall, 2018
Tribe Pagiphorini Moulds & Marshall, 2018
Tribe Parnisini Distant, 1905
Tribe Pictilini Moulds & Hill, 2018
Tribe Prasiini Matsumura, 1917
Tribe Taphurini Distant, 1905

Subfamily Cicadinae Latreille, 1802

Tribe Antankariini Sanborn, 2021
Tribe Arenopsaltriini Moulds, 2018
Tribe Ayuthiini Moulds, Lee, and Marshall, 2021
Tribe Burbungini Moulds, 2005
Tribe Cicadini Latreille, 1802
Tribe Cicadmalleuini Boulard & Puissant, 2013
Tribe Cosmopsaltriini Kato, 1932
Tribe Cryptotympanini Handlirsch, 1925[a]
Tribe Cyclochilini Distant, 1904
Tribe Distantadini Orian, 1963
Tribe Dundubiini Distant, 1905[b]
Tribe Durangonini Moulds & Marshall, 2018
Tribe Fidicinini Distant, 1905
Tribe Gaeanini Distant, 1905
Tribe Jassopsaltriini Moulds, 2005
Tribe Kimberpsaltriini Moulds, Marshall, and Popple, 2021
Tribe Lahugadini Distant, 1905
Tribe Leptopsaltriini Moulton, 1923
Tribe Macrotristriini Moulds, 2018
Tribe Oncotympanini Ishihara, 1961
Tribe Platypleurini Schmidt, 1918[c]
Tribe Plautillini Distant, 1905
Tribe Polyneurini Amyot & Audinet-Serville, 1843
Tribe Psaltodini Moulds, 2018
Tribe Psithyristriini Distant, 1905
Tribe Sonatini Lee, 2010
Tribe Tacuini Distant, 1904[d]
Tribe Talcopsaltriini Moulds, 2008
Tribe Tamasini Moulds, 2005
Tribe Thophini Distant, 1904
Tribe Tosenini Amyot & Audinet-Serville, 1843
Tribe Zammarini Distant, 1905

Subfamily Tettigomyiinae Distant, 1905

Tribe Hovanini Sanborn, Moulds & Marshall, 2020
Tribe Iruanini Boulard, 1983[e]
Tribe Malagasiini Moulds & Marshall, 2018
Tribe Tettigomyiini Distant, 1905
Tribe Ydiellini Boulard, 1973

Subfamily Tibicininae Distant, 1905

Tribe Citroriginini Sanborn, 2021
Tribe Chilecicadini Sanborn, 2014
Tribe Hemidictyini Distant, 1905
Tribe Platypediini Kato, 1932
Tribe Sapantangini Sanborn, Moulds, & Marshall, 2020
Tribe Selymbriini Moulds & Marshall, 2018
Tribe Tettigadini Distant, 1905
Tribe Tibicinini Distant, 1905

Subfamily Derotettiginae Moulds, 2019 [14]

Tribe Derotettigini Moulds, 2019

Notes

Synonomised with Tacuini Distant, 1904 by Marshall et al. (2018 p. 38).[9] Tacuini has date priority.
Sinosenini Boulard, 1975, is now recognized as a subjective junior synonym of subtribe Dundubiina Distant, 1905.[11]
Orapini Boulard, 1985, is now recognized as a subjective junior synonym of Platypleurini Schmidt, 1918.[12]
Synonomised with Cryptotympanini Handlirsch, 1925 by Marshall et al. (2018 p. 38).[9] Tacuini has date priority.

Lacetasini Moulds and Marshall, 2018, is now recognized as a subjective junior synonym of Iruanini Boulard, 1983.[13]