Aphodius

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Cladus: Protostomia
Cladus: Ecdysozoa
Cladus: Panarthropoda
Phylum: Arthropoda
Subphylum: Hexapoda
Classis: Insecta
Cladus: Dicondylia
Subclassis: Pterygota
Cladus: Metapterygota
Infraclassis: Neoptera
Cladus: Eumetabola
Cladus: Endopterygota
Superordo: Coleopterida
Ordo: Coleoptera
Subordo: Polyphaga
Infraordo: Scarabaeiformia
Superfamilia: Scarabaeoidea

Familia:Scarabaeidae
Subfamilia: Aphodiinae
Tribus: Aphodiini
Genus: Aphodius

Invalid subgenera: A. (Acanthobodilus) – A. (Acrossus) – A. (Agoliinus) – A. (Agolius) – A. (Agrilinellus) – A. (Agrilinus) – A. (Alocoderus) – A. (Amidorus) – A. (Ammoecius) – A. (Aparammoecius) – A. (Aphodaulacus) – A. (Aphodiellus) – A. (Aphodius) – A. (Apsteiniella) – A. (Ballucus) – A. (Biralus) – A. (Blackburneus) – A. (Bodilus) – A. (Brachiaphodius) – A. (Calamosternus) – A. (Caligodorus) – A. (Carinaulus) – A. (Cephalocyclus) – A. (Chilothorax) – A. (Cinacanthus) – A. (Coelotrachelus) – A. (Colobopterus) – A. (Coprimorphus) – A. (Coptochiroides) – A. (Cryptoscatomaseter) – A. (Dellacasiellus) – A. (Dialytellus) – A. (Dialytes) – A. (Dialytodius) – A. (Diapterna) – A. (Drepanocanthoides) – A. (Erytus) – A. (Esymus) – A. (Eudolus) – A. (Euorodalus) – A. (Eupleurus) – A. (Flaviellus) – A. (Geomyphilus) – A. (Gonaphodiellus) – A. (Haroldiellus) – A. (Heptaulacus) – A. (Irrasinus) – A. (Labarrus) – A. (Lechorodius) – A. (Limarus) – A. (Liothorax) – A. (Loboparius) – A. (Loraphodius) – A. (Loraspis) – A. (Maculaphodius) – A. (Mecynodes) – A. (Melaphodius) – A. (Melinopterus) – A. (Mendidaphodius) – A. (Mendidius) – A. (Merogyrus) – A. (Neagolius) – A. (Neotrichonotulus) – A. (Nialus) – A. (Nimbus) – A. (Nobius) – A. (Orodaliscus) – A. (Oromus) – A. (Oscarinus) – A. (Otophorus) – A. (Parammoecius) – A. (Pardalosus) – A. (Phalacronothus) – A. (Pharaphodius) – A. (Plagiogonus) – A. (Planolinellus) – A. (Planolinoides) – A. (Planolinus) – A. (Platyderides) – A. (Pseudacrossus) – A. (Pseudagolius) – A. (Pubinus) – A. (Rugaphodius) – A. (Scabrostomus) – A. (Schaefferellus) – A. (Setodius) – A. (Sigorus) – A. (Sinodiapterna) – A. (Stenotothorax) – A. (Subrinus) – A. (Sugrames) – A. (Tetraclipeoides) – A. (Teuchestes) – A. (Trichaphodius) – A. (Trichonotulus) – A. (Xeropsamobeus)

Species (24 + 20†): †A. aboriginalis – †A. anteactus – A. beloni – †A. bosniaskii – †A. brevipennis – A. calichromus – A. cardinalis – †A. charauxi – A. clypeatus – A. coniugatus – A. corallifer – †A. cretaceous – A. crux – A. elegans – A. fasciger – A. fimetarius – †A. florissantensis – A. foetidus – †A. granarioides – A. guangdongensis – †A. helvolus – †A. inundatus – A. irregularis – †A. krantzi – †A. laminicola – A. marginatus – †A. mediaevus – †A. meyeri – A. micros – A. minatorius – A. pedellus – A. pedrosi – A. plasoni – †A. praeemptor – †A. precursor – A. reginae – A. rendalli – †A. schlickumi – †A. senex – †A. shoshonis – A. spadix – A. swaneticus – †A. theobaldi – A. thoracicus
Name

Aphodius Hellwig, 1798

Type species:

Note:

All the subgenera have been raised to Genus status. See:
Dellacasa M., Dellacasa G., Král D. & Bezděk A. 2016. Aphodiini. In: Löbl I. & Löbl D. (eds): Catalogue of Palaearctic Coleoptera. Volume 3. Scarabaeoidea – Scirtoidea – Dascilloidea – Buprestoidea – Byrrhoidea. Revised and updated edition. Brill: Leiden, Boston. [New Nomenclatural and Taxonomic Acts, and Comments] pp. 2–12; [Catalogue] pp. 98–155. DOI: 10.1163/9789004309142 Reference page. [Change in rank and new combinations: p. 2]

References
Additional references

Alonso-Zarazaga, M.A.; Krell, F.-T. 2011: Change of authorship of Aphodius and Oryctes to Hellwig, 1798 (Insecta: Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae). Zootaxa, 3060: 67–68. Preview PDF
Bellmann, A., 2009: A new species of Aphodius ILLIGER (Brachiaphodius KOSHANTSCHIKOV) from Myanmar (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae, Aphodiinae). Linzer Biologische Beiträge, 41 (2): 1067–1070. Full article: [1].
Akhmetova, L.A., 2009: A review of scarabs of the subgenus Plagiogonus Mulsant, genus Aphodius Illiger (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae), of the fauna of Russia and neighboring countries. Entomological Review 89 (4): 428–436. DOI: 10.1134/S0013873809040071
Frolov, A.V. 2009: Larval morphology of Aphodius sus (Herbst) and A. variicolor Koshantschikov (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Aphodiinae). Zootaxa, 2169: 45–54. Abstract & excerpt
Frolov, A.V. & L.A. Akhmetova, 2008: On the synonymy of two names of species of the genus Aphodius Ill. (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae) Described from Siberia. Entomological Review 88 (8): 916–917. DOI: 10.1134/S0013873808080058
Kamiński, M.J., Byk, A. & Tykarski, P. 2015: Seasonal and diel activity of dung beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea) attracted to European bison dung in Białowieża Primeval Forest, Poland. Coleopterists bulletin 69(1): 83–90. DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-69.1.83 Reference page.
Krell, F.-T. & Angus, R.B. 2014. The identity of Aphodius nodifrons Randall, 1838 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Aphodiinae) from Maine, United States of America, with designation of the lectotype and handwriting examples. Zootaxa 3827(2): 273–281. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3827.2.8 Reference page.
Leschen, R.A.B.; Lawrence, J.F.; Kuschel, G.; Thorpe, S.; Wang, Q. 2003: Coleoptera genera of New Zealand. New Zealand entomologist, 26: 15–28.
Macfarlane, R.P. et al. 2010: [Chapter] NINE Phylum ARTHROPODA SUBPHYLUM HEXAPODA Protura, springtails, Diplura, and insects. pp. 233–467 in Gordon, D.P. (ed.): New Zealand inventory of biodiversity. Volume 2. Kingdom Animalia. Chaetognatha, Ecdysozoa, ichnofossils. Canterbury University Press, Christchurch, New Zealand. ISBN 978-1-87725793-3
Pittino, R. 1997: New or little-known Himalayan Aphodius Illiger of the subgenus Paremadus (Coleoptera, Aphodiidae). Fragmenta entomologica, 29(2): 287–312. PDF
Schmidt, A. 1908: Ein Beitrag zur indischen Aphodiinen-Fauna. Entomologische Wochenblatt. Leipzig, 25: 46–48.

Links

Schoolmeesters, P. 2017. Scarabs: World Scarabaeidae Database (version Jul 2016). In: Roskov Y., Abucay L., Orrell T., Nicolson D., Bailly N., Kirk P., Bourgoin T., DeWalt R.E., Decock W., De Wever A., Nieukerken E. van, Zarucchi J., Penev L., eds. 2017. Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life, 30th January 2017. Digital resource at www.catalogueoflife.org/col. Species 2000: Naturalis, Leiden, the Netherlands. ISSN 2405-8858. Reference page. [accessed on April 11, 2017]

Vernacular names
čeština: Hnojník
日本語: マグソコガネ属
русский: Афодий / Навозничек

Aphodius is a genus of beetles in the family Scarabaeidae. In most species both the adults and larvae are coprophagous (dung feeding)[1] although some species have herbivorous or saprophagous larvae.[2] Aphodius species typically dominate dung beetle communities in north temperate ecosystems.[3] Most species are functionally classified as endocoprids, also known as dwellers, because the larvae live and feed within the dung pat itself.[4]
Species

These 44 species belong to the genus Aphodius, including 21 extinct species.[5]

Aphodius beloni Mulsant & Godart, 1879
Aphodius calichromus Balthasar, 1932
Aphodius cardinalis Reitter, 1892
Aphodius clypeatus Fischer von Waldheim, 1821
Aphodius coniugatus (Panzer, 1795)
Aphodius corallifer Koshantschikov, 1913
Aphodius crux Wiedemann, 1823
Aphodius elegans Allibert, 1847
Aphodius fasciger Harold, 1881
Aphodius fimetarius (Linnaeus, 1758)
Aphodius foetidus (Herbst, 1783)
Aphodius guangdongensis Maté, 2008
Aphodius irregularis Westwood, 1839
Aphodius marginatus Fischer von Waldheim, 1842
Aphodius micros Walker, 1871
Aphodius minatorius Péringuey, 1908
Aphodius pedellus (Degeer, 1774)
Aphodius pedrosi Wollaston, 1854
Aphodius plasoni Käufel, 1914
Aphodius reginae Král, 1997
Aphodius spadix Schmidt, 1916
Aphodius swaneticus Reitter, 1892
Aphodius thoracicus Fischer von Waldheim, 1842
† Aphodius aboriginalis Wickham, 1912
† Aphodius anteactus Krell, 2000
† Aphodius bosniaskii Handlirsch, 1907
† Aphodius brevipennis Heer, 1862
† Aphodius charauxi Piton, 1940
† Aphodius cretaceous Nikolajev, 2008
† Aphodius florissantensis Wickham, 1911
† Aphodius granarioides Wickham, 1913
† Aphodius helvolus Statz, 1952
† Aphodius inundatus Wickham, 1914
† Aphodius krantzi Heyden & Heyden, 1866
† Aphodius laminicola Wickham, 1910
† Aphodius mediaevus Wickham, 1914
† Aphodius meyeri Heer, 1847
† Aphodius praeemptor Wickham, 1913
† Aphodius precursor Horn, 1876
† Aphodius schlickumi Statz, 1952
† Aphodius senex Wickham, 1914
† Aphodius shoshonis Wickham, 1912
† Aphodius theobaldi Krell, 2000
† Aphodius vectis Krell, 2019

The species of the following genera were formerly classified in Aphodius:[6][7]

Acrossus Mulsant, 1842
Agoliinus Schmidt, 1913
Alloblackburneus Bordat, 2009
Ballucus Gordon & Skelley, 2007
Blackburneus Schmidt, 1913
Calamosternus Motschulsky, 1859
Caligodorus Gordon & Skelley, 2007
Cephalocyclus Dellacasa et al., 1998
Chilothorax Motschulsky, 1859
Cinacanthus Schmidt, 1913
Coelotrachelus Schmidt, 1913
Colobopterus Mulsant, 1842
Cryptoscatomaseter Gordon & Skelley, 2007
Dellacasiellus Gordon & Skelley, 2007
Dialytodius Gordon & Skelley, 2007
Drepanocanthoides Schmidt, 1913
Eupleurus Mulsant, 1842
Flaviellus Gordon & Skelley, 2007
Geomyphilus Gordon & Skelley, 2007
Haroldiellus Gordon & Skelley, 2007
Hornosus Dellacasa, Dellacasa & Gordon, 2015
Irrasinus Gordon & Skelley, 2007
Labarrus Mulsant & Rey, 1869
Lechorodius Gordon & Skelley, 2007
Liothorax Motschulsky, 1859
Luxolinus Gordon & Skelley, 2007
Maculaphodius Gordon & Skelley, 2007
Melinopterus Mulsant, 1842
Mendidius Harold, 1868
Merogyrus Gordon & Skelley, 2007
Neotrichonotulus Dellacasa et al., 2004
Nialaphodius Kolbe, 1908
Orodaliscoides Schmidt, 1913
Oscarinus Gordon & Skelley, 2007
Otophorus Mulsant, 1842
Oxyomoides Dellacasa et al., 2016
Pardalosus Gordon & Skelley, 2007
Phaeaphodius Reitter, 1892
Planolinellus Dellacasa & Dellacasa, 2005
Planolinoides Dellacasa & Dellacasa, 2005
Planolinus Mulsant & Rey, 1869
Pseudagolius Schmidt, 1913
Rugaphodius Gordon & Skelley, 2007
Scabrostomus Gordon & Skelley, 2007
Schaefferellus Gordon & Skelley, 2007
Setodius Gordon & Skelley, 2007
Stenotothorax Schmidt, 1913
Strigodius Gordon & Skelley, 2007
Tetraclipeoides Schmidt, 1913
Teuchestes Mulsant, 1842
Trichaphodioides Paulian, 1942
Trichonotulus Bedel, 1911

References

Valiela, Ivan (1974). "Composition, food webs, and population limitation in dung arthropod communities during invasion and succession"journal=American Midland Naturalist". 92: 370–385, from page 380. doi:10.2307/2424302. JSTOR 2424302.
Hanksi, Ilkka and Cambefort, Yves. Dung Beetle Ecology. Princeton University Press, p. 83.
Hanksi, Ilkka and Cambefort, Yves. Dung Beetle Ecology. Princeton University Press, p. 75.
Finn, J. A.; Gittings, T. (2003). "A review of competition in north temperate dung beetle communities". Ecological Entomology. 28 (1): 1–13. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2311.2002.00487.x.
"Aphodius Hellwig, 1798". Catalogue of Life. Retrieved 2021-12-25.
Gordon, Robert D.; Skelley, Paul E. (2007). "A Monograph of the Aphodiini Inhabiting the United States and Canada (Coleoptera:Scarabaeidae:Aphodiini)". Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute, 2007. ISBN 978-1-887988-23-0.
"Aphodius Genus information". Bugguide. Retrieved 2021-12-25.