Veronica arvensis

Life-forms

Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Cladus: Angiosperms
Cladus: Eudicots
Cladus: Core eudicots
Cladus: Asterids
Cladus: Lamiids
Ordo: Lamiales

Familia: Plantaginaceae
Tribus: Veroniceae
Genus: Veronica
Subgenus: V. subg. Chamaedrys
Species: Veronica arvensis
Name

Veronica arvensis L., 1753
Synonyms

Heterotypic
Veronica micrantha Schur, Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 978 (Index) (1866), nom. illeg. non Hoffmanns. & Link (1813).

References

Linnaeus, C. 1753. Species Plantarum 1: 13.
USDA, ARS, Germplasm Resources Information Network. Veronica arvensis in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), U.S. Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service. Accessed: 09-Oct-10.

Vernacular names
čeština: rozrazil rolní
Cymraeg: Rhwyddlwyn y fagwyr
dansk: Mark-Ærenpris
Deutsch: Feld-Ehrenpreis
English: wall speedwell, corn speedwell, common speedwell, rock speedwell
español: verónica arvens, borró, borroncillo, verónica
eesti: Põldmailane
فارسی: ورونیکا ارونسیس
suomi: Ketotädyke
français: Véronique des champs, Veronique des champs
hornjoserbsce: Pólny rozraz
日本語: タチイヌノフグリ（立犬の陰嚢）, タチイヌノフグリ
한국어: 선개불알풀
Nederlands: Veldereprijs
polski: Przetacznik polny
português: verónica-dos-campos, verónica-vulgar
русский: Вероника полевая
slovenčina: veronika roľná
svenska: Fältveronika
українська: Вероніка польова
中文: 直立婆婆纳

Veronica arvensis , common names: wall speedwell,[1]: 592  corn speedwell, common speedwell, rock speedwell,[2] field speedwell,[3] is an annual flowering plant in the plantain family Plantaginaceae. The species is a native European plant and a common weed in gardens, pastures, waste places and cultivated land.[1]

Description

It is a hairy, erect to almost recumbent, annual herb, 9 to 40 centimetres (3.5 to 15.7 in) high from a taproot. The leaves are oppositely arranged in pairs about the stem. The lower leaves have short petioles; the upper are sessile. Each leaf, 1.5 to 2.5 centimetres (0.59 to 0.98 in) in length, is ovate, or triangular with a truncated or slightly cordate base, with coarse teeth. Borne in a raceme, initially compact but elongating with age, the flowers are pale blue to blue-violet, 2 to 3 mm in diameter, four-lobed with a narrow lowest lobe. Flower stalks are 0.5 to 2 millimetres (0.020 to 0.079 in) and shorter than the bracts. The fruit capsules are heart-shaped and shorter than the sepal-teeth. It flowers from April to October.[1]

Distribution

It is native to Africa, Asia and Europe.[4]
Growth

Veronica arvensis plants go through changes in their germination[5] due to temperature and light, furthermore explaining what controls the timing of growth in buried seed reserves. These weeds tend to germinate in consistent temperature ranges of 10 degrees Celsius to 15 degrees Celsius. If they do not make the first autumn cycle of growth, they can grow in the following spring. Overall, light is a major source to their survival and growth. In other words, they can grow in darkness, however they will remain dormant unless they get light.

Uses

It is a medicinal plant.[6]
References

Stace, Clive (April 2010). New Flora of the British Isles. ISBN 9780521707725.
Veronica arvensis at USDA PLANTS Database
Popay I., Champion P. & James T. (2010). An Illustrated Guide to Common Weeds of New Zealand, Third edition. p. 286. New Zealand Plant Protection Society (Inc.), Christchurch, New Zealand. ISBN 978-0-473-16285-6.
Veronica arvensis Archived 2015-09-24 at the Wayback Machine at Germplasm Resources Information Network - (GRIN)
Baskin, Jerry; Baskin, Carol (March 1983). "Germination Ecology of Veronica arvensis". Journal of Ecology. 71 (1): 57–68. doi:10.2307/2259963. JSTOR 2259963.
Veronica arvensis at Plants For A Future