Salvia viridis

Life-forms

Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Cladus: Angiosperms
Cladus: Eudicots
Cladus: Core eudicots
Cladus: Asterids
Cladus: Lamiids
Ordo: Lamiales

Familia: Lamiaceae
Subfamilia: Nepetoideae
Tribus: Mentheae
Subtribus: Salviinae
Genus: Salvia
Subgenus: S. subg. Sclarea
Sectio: S. sect. Horminum
Species: Salvia viridis
Name

Salvia viridis L., Sp. Pl. 1: 24. 1753.
Synonyms

Homotypic
Horminum viride (L.) Moench, Methodus: 377. 1794.
Ormilis viridis (L.) Raf., Fl. Tellur. 3: 94. 1837.
Salvia horminum var. viridis (L.) Caruel in F.Parlatore, Fl. Ital. 6: 246. 1884.
Sclarea viridis (L.) Soják, Cas. Nár. Mus., Odd. Prír. 152: 22. 1983.
Heterotypic
Salvia horminum L., Sp. Pl. 1: 24. 1753.
Ormilis horminum (L.) Raf., Fl. Tellur. 3: 94. 1837.
Salvia viridis var. horminum (L.) Batt. in J.A.Battandier & L.C.Trabut, Fl. Algérie, Dicot.: 685. 1890.
Horminum sativum Mill., Gard. Dict. ed. 8: n.º 5. 1768.
Salvia spielmannii Scop., Delic. Fl. Faun. Insubr. 3: 31. 1788.
Horminum coloratum Moench, Methodus: 377. 1794.
Salvia comosa Salisb., Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton: 73. 1796.
Salvia colorata Thore, Essai Chloris: 17. 1803, nom. illeg.
Salvia truncata Willd., Enum. Pl.: 34. 1809.
Salvia rosanii Ten., Fl. Napol. 3: 22. 1824.
Flipanta ovata Raf., Fl. Tellur. 3: 92. 1837, nom. superfl.
Salvia horminum var. angustifolia Boiss., Fl. Orient. 4: 631. 1879.
Salvia viridis var. comata Heldr., Fl. Céphalonie: 58. 1882.
Salvia horminum var. hypoleuca Briq., Lab. Alp. Mar.: 505. 1895.
Salvia horminum var. intermedia Briq., Lab. Alp. Mar.: 503. 1895.
Salvia dolichorrhiza Caball., Bol. Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. 13: 238. 1913.
Salvia intercedens Pobed. in V.L.Komarov, Fl. URSS 21: 657. 1954.

Distribution
Native distribution areas:

Continental: Europe
Regional: Southwestern Europe
Baleares (Mallorca), Portugal, Spain.
Regional: Southeastern Europe
Albania, Bulgaria, Greece, Italy, Kriti, Sicilia (Sicily. Malta), Turkey-in-Europe, former Yugoslavia
Regional: Eastern Europe
Central European Russia (naturalized), Krym
Continental: Asia-Temperate
Regional: Western Asia
Cyprus, East Aegean Islands, Lebanon-Syria (Lebanon, Syria), Palestine (Israel, Jordan), Turkey
Continental: Africa
Regional: Northern Africa
Algeria, Morocco, Libya, Tunisia

References: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2nd Edition
References

Linnaeus, C. 1753. Species Plantarum. Tomus I: 24. Reference page.
Govaerts, R. et al. 2018. Salvia viridis in World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2018 February 22. Reference page.
Euro+Med 2006 onwards: Salvia viridis in Euro+Med PlantBase – the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2018 February 26.
International Plant Names Index. 2018. Salvia viridis. Published online. Accessed: 22 February 2018.

Vernacular names
azərbaycanca: Yaşıl adaçayı
Cymraeg: Clari unflwydd
English: annual clary, red-topped sage
suomi: Kirjosalvia
Nederlands: bonte salie
русский: Шалфей зелёный

Salvia viridis (annual clary, orval) is an annual plant native to an area extending from the Mediterranean to the Crimea and into Iran.

Taxonomy

Salvia viridis was known as Salvia horminum for many years, as Carl Linnaeus described S. viridis and S. horminum as separate species in 1753. Some modern botanists still believe that they are two separate species.

viridis, from the Latin, refers to the color green, with implications of youth and vigor.
horminum, from the Greek word for sage.[1]

Description

Salvia viridis quickly grows to 1 to 2 feet (0.30 to 0.61 m) tall and 1 foot (0.30 m) wide, with a flowering period of over a month.

Colorful bracts almost hide the tiny two-lipped flowers, which are cream-colored, with the upper lip tinged with purple or rose, reflecting the bract color.
Uses

The seeds and leaves of Salvia viridis have been added to fermenting vats to "greatly increase the inebriating quality of the liquor."[2]

An infusion of the leaves was used for sore gums, and powdered leaves for snuff. It was also reported to be a good honey-producing plant.[1]
Cultivation

Salvia viridis is cultivated as an ornamental plant, planted in gardens. The flowers last well as cut flowers or dried flowers.

The plant prefers friable soil, good drainage, moderate water, and three-quarters to a full day of sunlight. In the UK, seed can be sown in late March in a greenhouse or directly into the border after the last frost.[1]
References

Clebsch, Betsy; Barner, Carol D. (2003). The New Book of Salvias. Timber Press. p. 302. ISBN 978-0-88192-560-9.

A Modern Herbal, M. Grieve and C. F. Lyel.

Flora Europaea: Salvia viridis