Salicaceae

Life-forms

Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Cladus: Angiosperms
Cladus: Eudicots
Cladus: Core eudicots
Cladus: Rosids
Cladus: Eurosids I
Ordo: Malpighiales

Familia: Salicaceae
Tribus: Abatieae – Bembicieae – Flacourtieae – Homalieae – Prockieae – Saliceae – Samydeae – Scolopieae – Scyphostegieae – Unassigned Salicaceae
Genera: Abatia – Azara – Banara – Bartholomaea – Bembicia – Bembiciopsis – Bennettiodendron – Bivinia – Byrsanthus – Calantica – Carrierea – Casearia – Dianyuea – Dissomeria – Dovyalis – Euceraea – Flacourtia – Hasseltia – Hasseltiopsis – Hecatostemon – Hemiscolopia – Homalium – Idesia – Irenodendron – Itoa – Laetia – Lasiochlamys – Ludia – Lunania – Macrohasseltia – Macrothumia – Mocquerysia – Neopringlea – Neoptychocarpus – Neosprucea – Olmediella – Oncoba – Ophiobotrys – Osmelia – Phyllobotryon – Pineda – Pleuranthodendron – Poliothyrsis – Populus – Prockia – Pseudoscolopia – Pseudosmelia – Ryania – Salix – Samyda – Scolopia – Scyphostegia – Tetrathylacium – Tisonia – Trichostephanus – Trimeria – Xylosma – Zuelania
Paleogenera: †Pseudosalix – †Saxifragispermum

Name

Salicaceae Mirb., Elém. Physiol. Vég. Bot. 2: 905. (1815) nom. cons.

Type genus: Salix L. (1753)

Synonyms

Prockiaceae Bertuch, Naturgeschichte: 5, Synop.: 3 (1801)
Samydaceae Vent., Mem. Cl. Sci. Math. Inst. Natl. France 1807 (2): 149 (1808) nom. cons.
Homaliaceae R. Br. inJ. H. Tuckey, Narr. Exped. Zaire: 438 (1818)
Flacourtiaceae Rich. ex DC., Prodr. 1: 255 (1824) nom. cons. (pro parte max, inc. typus)
Scyphostegiaceae Hutch., Fam. Fl. P1. 1: 229 (1926) nom. cons
Bembiciaceae R. C. Keating & Takht., Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 81 (2): 85 (1996)

References

Mirbel, C.F.B. de 1815. Elémens do Physiologie Végétale et de Botanique 2: 905.
Alford, M.H. 2006. Nomenclatural innovations in neotropical Salicaceae. Novon: A Journal for Botanical Nomenclature 16(3): 293-298. DOI: 10.3417/1055-3177(2006)16[293:NIINS]2.0.CO;2 PDF Reference page.
Boucher, L. D., Manchester, S. R. & Judd, W. S. 2003. An extinct genus of Salicaceae based on twigs with attached flowers, fruits, and foliage from the Eocene Green River Formation of Utah and Colorado, USA. American Journal of Botany 90: 1389–1399.
Chase, M.W., Zmarzty, S., Lledo, M.D., Wurdack, K.J., Swensen, S.M. & Fay, M.F. 2002. When in doubt, put it in Flacourtiaceae: a molecular phylogenetic analysis based on plastid rbcL DNA sequences. Kew Bulletin 57(1): 141-181. JSTOR Full text PDF from ResearchGate Reference page.
International Plant Names Index. 2018. Salicaceae. Published online. Accessed: July 26 2018.
Stevens, P.F. 2001 onwards. Angiosperm Phylogeny Website. Version 14, July 2017 [and more or less continuously updated since]. Online. Reference page.

Vernacular names
العربية: صفصافيات
беларуская: Вярбовыя
български: Върбови
català: Salicàcia
čeština: Vrbovité
dansk: Pile-familien
Deutsch: Weidengewächse
English: Willow family
Esperanto: Salikacoj
فارسی: بیدیان
suomi: Pajukasvit
Nordfriisk: Wilagplaanten
hornjoserbsce: Wjerbowe rostliny
magyar: Fűzfafélék
հայերեն: Ուռազգիներ
íslenska: Víðisætt
日本語: ヤナギ科
한국어: 버드나무과
lietuvių: Gluosniniai
македонски: Врби
Nederlands: Wilgenfamilie
norsk: Vierfamilien
polski: Wierzbowate
русский: Ивовые
svenska: Videväxter
Türkçe: Söğütgiller
українська: Вербові
Tiếng Việt: Họ Liễu
中文: 杨柳科

The Salicaceae is the willow family of flowering plants. The traditional family (Salicaceae sensu stricto) included the willows, poplar, aspen, and cottonwoods. Genetic studies summarized by the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (APG) have greatly expanded the circumscription of the family to contain 56 genera and about 1220 species, including the Scyphostegiaceae and many of the former Flacourtiaceae.[3][4][5]

In the Cronquist system, the Salicaceae were assigned to their own order, Salicales, and contained three genera (Salix, Populus, and Chosenia). Recognized to be closely related to the Violaceae and Passifloraceae, the family is placed by the APG in the order Malpighiales.

Under the new circumscription, all members of the family are trees or shrubs that have simple leaves with alternate arrangement and temperate members are usually deciduous. Most members have serrate or dentate leaf margins, and those that have such toothed margins all exhibit salicoid teeth; a salicoid tooth being one in which a vein enters the tooth, expands, and terminates at or near the apex, near which are spherical and glandular protuberances called setae. Members of the family often have flowers which are reduced and inconspicuous, and all have ovaries that are superior or half-inferior with parietal placentation.[6]
Genera by subfamily and tribe

Salicaceae is divided into three subfamilies, with Salicoideae further divided into six tribes.[2][7][8]

Salicoideae

Abatieae

Abatia Ruiz & Pavón (formerly including Aphaerema)[9]
Aphaerema Miers

Bembicieae

Bembicia Oliver

Homalieae

Bartholomaea Standley & Steyermark
Bivinia Tulasne
Byrsanthus Guillemin
Calantica Tulasne
Dissomeria Bentham
Homalium Jacquin
Neopringlea S. Watson
Trimeria Harvey

Prockieae

Banara Aublet
Hasseltia Kunth
Hasseltiopsis Sleumer
Macrohasseltia L. O. Williams
Neosprucea Sleumer
Pineda Ruiz & Pavón
Pleuranthodendron L. O. Williams
Prockia L.

Saliceae

Azara Ruiz & Pavón
Bennettiodendron Merrill
Carrierea Franchet
Dovyalis Arnott
Flacourtia L'Heritier
Idesia Maximowicz
Itoa Hemsley
Lasiochlamys Pax & K. Hoffmann
Ludia de Jussieu
Olmediella Baillon
Poliothyrsis Oliver
Populus L.
Priamosia Urban
†Pseudosalix Boucher, Manchester, & Judd[10]
Salix L.
Tisonia Baillon
Xylosma G. Forster (formerly including Priamosia)[9]

Scolopieae

Hemiscolopia van Slooten
Phyllobotryon Müller
Pseudoscolopia Gilg
Scolopia Schreber

Samydoideae

Casearia Jacquin (including Hecatostemon, Laetia, Samyda, & Zuelania)
Euceraea Martius
Irenodendron Alford & Dement[11]
Lunania Hooker
Neoptychocarpus Buchheim
Ophiobotrys Gilg
Osmelia Thwaites
Piparea Aublet
Pseudosmelia Sleumer
Ryania Vahl
Tetrathylacium Poeppig & Endlicher
Trichostephanus Gilg

Scyphostegioideae

Dianyuea C. Shang et al.[12]
Scyphostegia Stapf

incertae sedis

Ahernia Merrill
Mocquerysia Hua
Oncoba Forsskahl
†Saxifragispermum Reid & Chandler[10]
†Utkholokia (Cheleb.) Iljinskaja & Chelb.[10]

References

"Salicaceae Mirb., nom. cons". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. 2003-01-17. Retrieved 2010-02-04.
Stevens, P.F. (2015) [1st. Pub. 2001], Angiosperm Phylogeny Website, retrieved 28 January 2021
Chase, Mark W.; Sue Zmarzty; M. Dolores Lledó; Kenneth J. Wurdack; Susan M. Swensen; Michael F. Fay (2002). "When in doubt, put it in Flacourtiaceae: a molecular phylogenetic analysis based on plastid rbcL DNA sequences". Kew Bulletin. 57 (1): 141–181. doi:10.2307/4110825. JSTOR 4110825.
Christenhusz, M. J. M. & Byng, J. W. (2016). "The number of known plants species in the world and its annual increase". Phytotaxa. Magnolia Press. 261 (3): 201–217. doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.261.3.1.
Stevens, P. F. (2001 onwards). Angiosperm Phylogeny Website. Version 9, June 2008 (and more or less continuously updated since).
Judd, Walter S. (January 2015). Plant systematics : a phylogenetic approach (Fourth ed.). Sunderland, MA. ISBN 978-1-60535-389-0. OCLC 920680553.
Lemke, David (1988). "A synopsis of Flacourtiaceae". Aliso. 12 (1): 29–43. doi:10.5642/aliso.19881201.05. Retrieved 11 July 2018.
"Family Salicaceae". Taxonomy. UniProt. Retrieved 2010-02-04.
Alford, Mac (2006). "Nomenclatural innovations in neotropical Salicaceae". Novon. 16 (3): 293–298. doi:10.3417/1055-3177(2006)16[293:niins]2.0.co;2.
Boucher, L. D.; Manchester, S.; Judd, W. (2003). "An extinct genus of Salicaceae based on twigs with attached flowers, fruits, and foliage from the Eocene Green River Formation of Utah and Colorado, USA". American Journal of Botany. 90 (9): 1389–99. doi:10.3732/ajb.90.9.1389. PMID 21659238.
Alford, Mac; Dement, Angela (2015). "Irenodendron, a new genus of Samydaceae from South America". Journal of the Botanical Research Institute of Texas. 9 (2): 331–334.
Shang, C; Liao, S.; Guo, Y.-J.; Zhang, Z.-X. (2017). "Dianyuea gen. nov. (Salicaceae: Scyphostegioideae) from southwestern China". Nordic Journal of Botany. 35 (4): 499–505. doi:10.1111/njb.01363.