Rosmarinus

Life-forms

Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Cladus: Angiosperms
Cladus: Eudicots
Cladus: Core eudicots
Cladus: Asterids
Cladus: Lamiids
Ordo: Lamiales

Familia: Lamiaceae
Subfamilia: Nepetoideae
Tribus: Mentheae
Subtribus: Salviinae
Genus: Rosmarinus
Species: R. eriocalyx – R. officinalis – R. tomentosus

Nothospecies: R. × lavandulaceus – R. × mendizabalii
Name

Rosmarinus L., Sp. Pl. 1: 23 (1753)
Type species: Rosmarinus officinalis L., Sp. Pl. 1: 23 (1753)

Note: This genus is now accepted as being in synonymy with Salvia s.l., Drew et al. (2017) and Govaerts et al. (2018)
References

Linnaeus, C. 1753. Species Plantarum 1: 23.
Drew, B.T., González-Gallegos, J.G., Xiang, C.L., Kriebel, R., Drummond, C.P., Walker, J.B. & Sytsma, K.J. 2017. Salvia united: The greatest good for the greatest number. Taxon 66(1): 133–145. DOI: 10.12705/661.7 PDF Reference page.
Govaerts, R. et al. 2017. Rosmarinus in World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2017 FE. 6. Reference page.
Tropicos.org 2014. Rosmarinus. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2014 July 4.
International Plant Names Index. 2014. Rosmarinus. Published online. Accessed: July 4 2014.

Vernacular names
dansk: Rosmarin
Deutsch: Rosmarin
Esperanto: Rosmareno
español: Romero
فارسی: رزمارینوس
suomi: Rosmariinit
français: Romarin
עברית: רוזמרין
Kreyòl ayisyen: Romaren
հայերեն: Հազրեվարդ
қазақша: Розмарин
македонски: Рузмарин
polski: Rozmaryn
português: Rosmaninho
русский: Розмарин
slovenčina: Rozmarín
svenska: Rosmarin
中文: 迷迭香属

Rosmarinus (/ˌrɒsməˈraɪnəs/ ROSS-mə-RY-nəs[2]) is a small taxonomic clade of woody, perennial herbs with fragrant evergreen needle-like leaves in the family Lamiaceae, native to the Mediterranean Basin.

In 2017 the species in the genus Rosmarinus were moved into the large genus Salvia based on taxonomic evidence.[3] Thus Rosmarinus is no longer a genus, but still a monophyletic clade of species within Salvia.

Description

Salvia rosmarinus (rosemary), widespread in the Mediterranean region, and Salvia jordanii (formerly Rosmarinus eriocalyx), native to northwest Africa and southern Spain have long been widely recognized. Salvia granatensis (formerly Rosmarinus tomentosus) was first recognized as a separate species in 1941. Rosmarinus palaui was first described as a species in 2002, although recognition of this species remains controversial. Recent research has indicated that while S. granatensis forms a monophyletic group, this group is nested within a paraphyletic S. jordanii.[4]

Salvia jordanii differs from the well-known herb rosemary in its smaller leaves, only 5–15 mm (0.20–0.59 in) long and less than 2 mm (0.079 in) broad, and densely hairy flower stems. It also tends to be lower-growing, often under 25 cm (9.8 in) tall and prostrate, and never exceeding 1 m (3 ft 3 in) tall (S. rosmarinus can reach 1.5 m (4 ft 11 in), exceptionally 2 m (6 ft 7 in), tall).

Rosemary can be propagated from seed or cuttings in summer,[5] and can be spread by carelessly discarding garden waste.[6]
Species

Species and nothospecies accepted by the Kew World Checklist[7]

Image	Scientific name	Common name	Distribution
	Salvia jordanii Jord. & Fourr.		Spain, Morocco, Algeria, Libya
	Salvia rosmarinus L.	Rosemary	Portugal, Spain, France, Italy, Greece, Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Montenegro, Morocco, Algeria, Libya, Tunisia, Egypt, Cyprus, Turkey; naturalized in Bulgaria, Crimea, Madeira islands, Canary Islands, Cape Verde, Bermuda, Texas, central Mexico
	Rosmarinus palaui (O.Bolòs & Molin.) Rivas Mart. & M.J.Costa
	Salvia granatensis Hub.-Mor. & Maire		southern Spain

Natural hybrids

Image	Scientific name	Parents	Distribution
	Salvia × lavandulacea de Noé	(S. jordanii × S. rosmarinus)	Spain, Morocco, Algeria
	Salvia × mendizabalii Sagredo ex Rosua	(S. rosmarinus × S. granatensis)	Granada region of Spain

References

"Genus: Rosmarinus L." Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. 2004-09-10. Archived from the original on 2009-05-07. Retrieved 2010-11-04.
Sunset Western Garden Book. 1995. pp. 606–607.
Drew, Bryan T. (2017). "Salvia united: The greatest good for the greatest number". Taxon. 66: 133–145. doi:10.12705/661.7. S2CID 90993808.
Rossello, J.A.; et al. (2006). "Intragenomic diversity and phylogenetic systematics of wild rosemaries (Rosmarinus officinalis L. s.l., Lamiaceae) assessed by nuclear ribosomal DNA sequences (ITS)". Plant Systematics and Evolution. 262 (1–2): 1–12. doi:10.1007/s00606-006-0454-5. S2CID 25645455.
Botanica : the illustrated A-Z of over 10,000 garden plants for New Zealand gardens and how to cultivate them. Bryant, Geoff, Burnie, Geoffrey. North Shore City, N.Z.: David Bateman. 1997. p. 801. ISBN 1-86953-376-3. OCLC 154295480.
"Salvia rosmarinus | New Zealand Plant Conservation Network". nzpcn.org.nz. Retrieved 2019-11-30.
Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families