Parodia

Life-forms

Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Cladus: Angiosperms
Cladus: Eudicots
Cladus: Core eudicots
Ordo: Caryophyllales

Familia: Cactaceae
Subfamilia: Cactoideae
Tribus: Notocacteae
Genus: Parodia
Species: P. alacriportana – P. allosiphon – P. aureicentra – P. ayopayana – P. buiningii – P. calvescens – P. carambeiensis – P. chrysacanthion – P. claviceps – P. columnaris – P. comarapana – P. commutans – P. concinna – P. crassigibba – P. curvispina – P. diersiana – P. erinacea – P. erubescens – P. formosa – P. fusca – P. gaucha – P. gibbulosoides – P. haselbergii – P. hausteiniana – P. hegeri – P. herteri – P. horrida – P. horstii – P. ibicuiensis – P. langsdorfii – P. larapuntensis – P. leninghausii – P. linkii – P. maassii – P. magnifica – P. mairanana – P. mammulosa – P. microsperma – P. mueller-melchersii – P. muricata – P. neoarechavaletae – P. neobuenekeri – P. neohorstii – P. nigrispina – P. nivosa – P. nothorauschii – P. ocampoi – P. otaviana – P. ottonis – P. oxycostata – P. prestoensis – P. procera – P. rechensis – P. ritteri – P. schumanniana – P. schwebsiana – P. scopa – P. stockingeri – P. stuemeri – P. subterranea – P. taratensis – P. tenuicylindrica – P. tuberculata – P. warasii – P. werdermanniana

Name

Parodia Speg. (1923), nom. cons. emend. Anceschi & Magli (2018)

Type species: Parodia microsperma (F.A.C.Weber) Speg.

Synonyms

Homotypic
Hickenia N.L. Britton & J.N. Rose, Cact. 3: 207. 12. (1922), nom. illeg. (Art. 53.1), (non Lillo 1919).
Type species: Hickenia microsperma (Weber) N.L. Britton & J.N. Rose (Echinocactus microspermus Weber).
Neohickenia A.V. Frič, Cacti Price-List 1928: [3]. (1928), nom. illeg. (Art. 52.1).
Type species: Echinocactus microspermus Weber.
Microspermia Frič, Möller’s Deutsche Gärtn.-Zeit. 45: 43. 1 (1930), nom. illeg. (Art. 52.1).
Type species: Echinocactus microspermus Weber.
Heterotypic
Malacocarpus Salm-Reifferscheid-Dyck, Cact. Horto Dyck. 1849: (1850), nom. illeg. (Art. 53.1), (non F.E.L. Fischer & C.A. Meyer, 1843).
Type species: Malacocarpus corynodes (Pfeiffer) Salm-Reifferscheid-Dyck (Echinocactus corynodes Pfeiffer) (vide N.L. Britton & Rose, Cact. 3: 187. 1922).
Notocactus (K.M. Schumann) A.V. Frič, Cacti PriceList 1928: [3]. (1928)
Type species: Notocactus ottonis (Lehmann) A. Berger (Kakteen: 343. Jul–Aug 1929) (Cactus ottonis Lehmann) (vide Backeberg, Blätt. Kakteenf. 1938(6): Jun 1938)
Echinocactus subg. Notocactus K.M. Schumann, Gesamtbeschr. Kakteen: 292. (1898)
Brasilocactus Frič ex K. Kreuzinger, Verzeichnis Amer. Sukk. Revision Syst. Kakteen: 19. (1935), nom. illeg. (Art. 52.1).
Acanthocephala Backeberg, Blätt. Kakteenf. 1938(6): [22], [23]. (1938)
Type species: Acanthocephala graessneri (K. chumann) Backeberg (Echinocactus graessneri K. Schumann).
Eriocephala Backeberg, Blätt. Kakteenf. 1938(6): [21], [23]. (1938)
Type species: Eriocephala schumanniana (Nicolai) Backeberg (Echinocactus schumannianus Nicolai)
Brasilicactus Backeberg, Cactaceae 1941(2): 36, 76. (1942) nom. illeg. (Art. 52.1?).
Type species: Brasilicactus graessneri (K. Schum.) Backeb. (Echinocactus graessneri K. Schum.).
Eriocactus Backeberg, Cactaceae (Berlin) 1941(2): 37. (1942), nom. illeg. (Art. 52.1).
Type species: Eriocactus schumannianus (Nicolai) Backeberg (Echinocactus schumannianus Nicolai).
Dactylanthocactus Y. Ito, Explor. Diagr. Austroechinocact: 294. 30 Mar 1957, nom. illeg. (Art. 52.1).
Type species: Dactylanthocactus graessneri (K.Schum.) Y. Ito (Echinocactus graessneri K. Schumann).
Sericocactus Y.Ito, Explor. Diagr. Austro-echinocact: 223, 293. (1957).
Type species: Sericocatus haselbergii (F. Haage ex Forst.) Y. Ito (Echinocactus haselbergii F. Haage).
Wigginsia D.M. Porter, Taxon 13: 210. (1964)
Type species: Wigginsia corynodes (Pfeiffer) D.M. Porter (Echinocactus corynodes Pfeiffer) (vide N. L. Britton & Rose, Cact. 3: 187. 12 Oct. 1922).
Brasiliparodia F. Ritter, Kakteen Südamerika 1: 144. (1979)
Type species: Brasiliparodia buenekeri (A. F. H. Buining) F. Ritter (Parodia buenekeri A. F. H. Buining).
Aparadoa van Vliet (1986), nom. inval. (Art. 36.1, 37.1).
Peronocactus A.B. Doweld, Sukkulenty 1999(2): 20. 25 Dec 1999, nom. illeg. (Art. 52.2b).
Type species: Peronocactus ottonis (Lehmann) A.B. Doweld (Cactus ottonis Lehmann).
Ritterocactus A.B. Doweld, Sukkulenty 1999(2): 22. (1999).
Type species: Ritterocactus mammulosus (Lemaire) A.B. Doweld (Echinocactus mammulosus Lemaire).
Bolivicactus A.B. Doweld, Sukkulenty 3: 62. (2000)
Type species: Bolivicactus maassii (E. Heese) A.B. Doweld (Echinocactus maassii E. Heese).

Distribution
Native distribution areas:

Continental: Southern America
Argentina Northeast, Argentina Northwest, Argentina South, Bolivia, Brazil South, Colombia, Paraguay, Uruguay

References: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2nd Edition

References
Primary references

Spegazzini, C.L. 1923. Anales de la Sociedad Cientifica Argentina 96: 70.

Additional references

Doweld, A.B. 2000. Phylogenetic relationships within Notocactus-Parodia puzzle. Sukkulenty 3(1–2): 44–64. Full text. Reference page.
Anceschi, G. & Magli, A. 2018. A synopsis of the genus Parodia Spegazzini s.l. (Cactaceae). Bradleya 36: 70–162. DOI: 10.25223/brad.n36.2018.a9 Paywall PDF Reference page.

Links

Korotkova, N. et al. 2021. Parodia in Cactaceae at Caryophyllales.org. A global synthesis of species diversity in the angiosperm order Caryophyllales. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2021 Nov. 6. Reference page.
International Plant Names Index. 2021. Parodia. Published online. Accessed: Nov. 6 2021.
Parodia – Taxon details on National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI). very dated

Vernacular names
suomi: Kuulakaktukset
magyar: csodakaktusz
polski: Notokaktus
русский: Пародия
svenska: Sydkaktussläktet

Parodia is a genus of flowering plants in the cactus family Cactaceae, native to the uplands of Argentina, Peru, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia and Uruguay. This genus has about 50 species, many of which have been transferred from Eriocactus, Notocactus and Wigginsia. They range from small globose plants to 1 m (3 ft) tall columnar cacti. All are deeply ribbed and spiny, with single flowers at or near the crown. Some species produce offsets at the base. They are popular in cultivation, but must be grown indoors where temperatures fall below 10 °C (50 °F).[1]

The genus is named after Domingo Parodi, one of the early investigators of the flora of Paraguay.[2]

Synonyms

Acanthocephala Backeb.
Brasilicactus Backeb.
Brasiliparodia F.Ritter
Brasilocactus Fric (nom. inval.)
Chrysocactus Y.Itô (nom. inval.)
Dactylanthocactus Y.Itô
Eriocactus Backeb.
Eriocephala Backeb.
Friesia Fric (nom. inval.)

Hickenia Britton & Rose
Jauhisoparodia Blackhat
Malacocarpus Salm-Dyck
Microspermia Fric
Neohickenia Fric
Notocactus (K.Schum.) Fric
Sericocactus Y.Itô
Wigginsia D.M.Porter

Note that the inclusion of Notocactus (the type genus of the tribe) into Parodia was a move of the International Organization for Succulent Plant Study at the end of the 80's. This inclusion is still controversial today.
Species
Species of the genus Parodia according to Anderson (2005)

Subgenus Parodia
Group Parodia s.str.
Parodia aureicentra
Parodia ayopayana
Parodia chrysacanthion
Parodia columnaris
Parodia comarapana
Parodia commutans
Parodia formosa
Parodia hausteiniana
Parodia maassii
Parodia microsperma
Parodia microsperma subsp. microsperma
Parodia microsperma subsp. horrida
Parodia nivosa
Parodia ocampoi
Parodia penicillata
Parodia pilayaensis
Parodia procera
Parodia ritteri
Parodia saint-pieana
Parodia schwebsiana
Parodia stuemeri
Parodia subterranea
Parodia taratensis
Parodia tilcarensis
Parodia tuberculata
Parodia uhligiana
Group Notocactus (=Notocactus s.str. + Wigginsia)
Parodia allosiphon
Parodia arnostiana
Parodia buiningii
Parodia carambeiensis
Parodia concinna
Parodia concinna subsp. concinna
Parodia concinna subsp. agnetae
Parodia concinna subsp. blaauwiana
Parodia crassigibba
Parodia curvispina
Parodia erinacea
Parodia erubescens
Parodia fusca
Parodia herteri
Parodia horstii
Parodia langsdorfii
Parodia linkii
Parodia mammulosa
Parodia mammulosa subsp. mammulosa
Parodia mammulosa subsp. brasiliensis
Parodia mammulosa subsp. erythracantha
Parodia mammulosa subsp. eugeniae
Parodia mammulosa subsp. submammulosa
Parodia meonacantha
Parodia mueller-melchersii
Parodia mueller-melchersii subsp. mueller-melchersii
Parodia mueller-melchersii subsp. gutierrezii
Parodia mueller-melchersii subsp. winkleri
Parodia muricata
Parodia neoarechavaletae
Parodia neohorstii
Parodia nothominuscula
Parodia nothorauschii
Parodia ottonis
Parodia ottonis subsp. ottonis
Parodia ottonis subsp. horstii
Parodia oxycostata
Parodia oxycostata subsp. oxycostata
Parodia oxycostata subsp. gracilis
Parodia permutata
Parodia rudibuenekeri
Parodia rudibuenekeri subsp. rudibuenekeri
Parodia rudibuenekeri subsp. glomerata
Parodia rutilans
Parodia rutilans subsp. rutilans
Parodia rutilans subsp. veeniana
Parodia scopa
Parodia scopa subsp. scopa
Parodia scopa subsp. marchesii
Parodia scopa subsp. neobuenekeri
Parodia scopa subsp. succinea
Parodia sellowii
Parodia stockingeri
Parodia tabularis
Parodia tabularis subsp. tabularis
Parodia tabularis subsp. bommeljei
Parodia tenuicylindrica
Parodia turbinata
Parodia turecekiana
Parodia werdermanniana
Parodia werneri
Parodia werneri subsp. werneri
Parodia werneri subsp. pleiocephala

Subgenus Eriocactus (Buxb.) F.H.Brandt
Parodia leninghausii
Parodia magnifica
Parodia nigrispina
Parodia schumanniana
Parodia schumanniana subsp. schumanniana
Parodia schumanniana subsp. claviceps
Parodia warasii

Subgenus Brasilicactus (Buxb.) F.H.Brandt
Parodia alacriportana
Parodia alacriportana subsp. alacriportana
Parodia alacriportana subsp. brevihamata
Parodia alacriportana subsp. buenekeri
Parodia alacriportana subsp. catarinensis
Parodia haselbergii
Parodia haselbergii subsp. haselbergii
Parodia haselbergii subsp. graessneri
Parodia rechensis

References

RHS A–Z encyclopedia of garden plants. United Kingdom: Dorling Kindersley. 2008. p. 1136. ISBN 978-1405332965.

Anderson 2001, p. 538.

Biolib
Universal biological indexer

Bibliography
Anderson, Edward F. (2001). The Cactus Family. Pentland, Oregon: Timber Press. ISBN 978-0-88192-498-5.
Innes, Clive (1995). "Cacti". Missing or empty |title= (help) In: Innes, Clive & Wall, Bill (1995). Cacti, Succulents and Bromeliads. London: Cassell for the Royal Horticultural Society. pp. 11–70. ISBN 978-0-304-32076-9.