Cactoideae

Life-forms

Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Cladus: Angiosperms
Cladus: Eudicots
Cladus: Core eudicots
Ordo: Caryophyllales

Familia: Cactaceae
Subfamilia: Cactoideae
Tribus: Blossfeldieae – Cacteae – Cereeae – Copiapoeae – Echinocereeae – Fraileeae – Hylocereeae – Lymanbensonieae – Notocacteae – Rhipsalideae

Name

Cactoideae Eaton (1836)

Typus: Cactus L., nom. rej. vide Mammillaria Haw. (1812), nom. cons.

Note: See Discussion Page and References, but the above list of tribes is likely to change.
References

Eaton, A. 1836. Botanical Dictionary, ed. 4: 43.
Anceschi, G. & Magli, A. 2018. A synopsis of the genus Parodia Spegazzini s.l. (Cactaceae). Bradleya 36: 70–162. DOI: 10.25223/brad.n36.2018.a9 Paywall PDF Reference page.
Guerrero, P.C., Majure, L.C., Cornejo-Romero, A. & Hernández-Hernández, T. 2018. Phylogenetic relationships and evolutionary trends in the Cactus family. Journal of Heredity 110(1): 4-21. DOI: 10.1093/jhered/esy064 Open accessPDF from ResearchGate Reference page.
Hernández-Hernández, T., Hernández, H.M., De-Nova, J.A., Puente, R., Eguiarte, L.E. & Magallón, S. 2011. Phylogenetic relationships and evolution of growth form in Cactaceae (Caryophyllales, Eudicotyledoneae). American Journal of Botany 98: 44–61. DOI: 10.3732/ajb.1000129 Open access Reference page.
Hernández-Ledesma, P., Berendsohn, W. G., Borsch, T., Mering, S. v., Akhani, H., Arias, S., Castañeda-Noa, I., Eggli, U., Eriksson, R., Flores-Olvera, H., Fuentes-Bazán, S., Kadereit, G., Klak, C., Korotkova, N., Nyffeler R., Ocampo G., Ochoterena, H., Oxelman, B., Rabeler, R. K., Sanchez, A., Schlumpberger, B. O. & Uotila, P. 2015. A taxonomic backbone for the global synthesis of species diversity in the angiosperm order Caryophyllales. Willdenowia 45(3): 281–383. DOI: 10.3372/wi.45.45301 Open access Reference page.
Korotkova, N., Zabel, L. Quandt, D. & Barthlott, W.A. 2010. A phylogenetic analysis of Pfeiffera and the reinstatement of Lymanbensonia as an independently evolved lineage of epiphytic Cactaceae within a new tribe Lymanbensonieae. Willdenowia 40(2): 151–172, S1–S4. DOI: 10.3372/wi.40.40201 Open access Reference page.
Korotkova, N., Borsch, T.H. & Arias, S., 2017. A phylogenetic framework for the Hylocereeae (Cactaceae) and implications for the circumscription of the genera. Phytotaxa 327(1): 1-46. DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.327.1.1 Paywall ResearchGate Reference page.
Martínez-Quezada, D. M., Arias, S., Korotkova, N. & Terrazas, T. 2020. The phylogenetic significance of the stem morpho-anatomy in the Hylocereeae (Cactoideae, Cactaceae). Plant Systematics and Evolution 306, 8, DOI: 10.1007/s00606-020-01639-x Paywall Reference page.
Nyffeler, R. & Eggli, U. 2010. A farewell to dated ideas and concepts: molecular phylogenetics and a revised suprageneric classification of the family Cactaceae. Schumannia 6: 109–149. Full text (PDF). Reference page.
Stevens, P.F. 2001 onwards. Angiosperm Phylogeny Website. Version 14, July 2017 [and more or less continuously updated since]. Online. Reference page.

Vernacular names
Deutsch: Eigentliche Kakteen
English: True Cacti
magyar: Kaktuszformák
latviešu: Kaktusu apakšdzimta

The Cactoideae are the largest subfamily of the cactus family, Cactaceae. Around 80% of cactus species belong to this subfamily.[1] As of August 2018, the internal classification of the family Cactaceae remained uncertain and subject to change. A classification incorporating many of the insights from the molecular studies was produced by Nyffeler and Eggli in 2010.[2] Various revisions have been published since, e.g. to the tribe Hylocereeae and the tribe Echinocereeae.[3] Classifications remained uncertain as of March 2019.
Tribes and genera

As of March 2021, the National Center for Biotechnology Information used the division of the subfamily into tribes shown below.[4] Some revisions to the circumscriptions of the tribes are also shown.

Blossfeldieae
Blossfeldia
Browningieae
Armatocereus – Browningia – Stetsonia
Cacteae
Acharagma – Ariocarpus – Astrophytum – Aztekium – Coryphantha – Cumarinia – Echinocactus – Echinomastus – Epithelantha – Escobaria – Ferocactus – Geohintonia – Glandulicactus – Homalocephala (see Echinocactus) – Kadenicarpus – Leuchtenbergia – Lophophora – Mammillaria – Neolloydia – Obregonia – Ortegocactus – Pediocactus – Pelecyphora – Rapicactus – Sclerocactus – Stenocactus – Strombocactus – Thelocactus – Turbinicarpus
Cereeae
Arrojadoa – Brasilicereus – Cereus – Cipocereus – Coleocephalocereus – Melocactus – Micranthocereus – Monvillea – Praecereus – Uebelmannia – Yavia
Echinocereeae
(Acanthocereus is placed in Hylocereeae)[3] –Austrocactus – Bergerocactus – Carnegiea – Castellanosia – Cephalocereus – Corryocactus – Dendrocereus – Echinocereus – Escontria – Eulychnia – Jasminocereus – Lemaireocereus – Leptocereus – Lophocereus – Mitrocereus – Myrtillocactus – Neobuxbaumia – Neoraimondia – Nyctocereus – Pachycereus – Peniocereus – Pfeiffera – Pilosocereus – Polaskia – Pseudoacanthocereus – Pseudomitrocereus – Pterocereus – Stenocereus – Stephanocereus – Strophocactus
Hylocereeae[3]
Acanthocereus – Deamia – Disocactus – Epiphyllum – Kimnachia – Pseudorhipsalis – Selenicereus (including Hylocereus) – Weberocereus
Lymanbensonieae
Calymmanthium – Lymanbensonia
Notocacteae
Cintia – Copiapoa – Eriosyce – Frailea – Neowerdermannia – Notocactus – Parodia – Rimacactus – Thelocephala
Rhipsalideae
Hatiora – Lepismium – Rhipsalis – Schlumbergera
Trichocereeae
Acanthocalycium – Arthrocereus – Aylostera – Bolivicereus – Borzicactus – Brachycereus – Cephalocleistocactus – Cleistocactus – Denmoza – Discocactus – Echinopsis – Espostoa – Espostoopsis – Facheiroa – Gymnocalycium – Haageocereus – Harrisia – Lasiocereus – Leocereus – Leucostele – Lobivia – Matucana – Mila – Oreocereus – Oroya – Pygmaeocereus – Rauhocereus – Rebutia – Reicheocactus – Samaipaticereus – Sulcorebutia – Trichocereus – Weberbauerocereus – Weingartia – Yungasocereus

References

Arthur C. Gibson, Park S. Nobel (11 October 1990). The Cactus Primer. Harvard University Press. p. 23. ISBN 9780674089914.
Nyffeler, R. & Eggli, U. (2010). "A farewell to dated ideas and concepts: molecular phylogenetics and a revised suprageneric classification of the family Cactaceae". Schumannia. 6: 109–149. doi:10.5167/uzh-43285.
Korotkova, Nadja; Borsch, Thomas & Arias, Salvador (2017). "A phylogenetic framework for the Hylocereeae (Cactaceae) and implications for the circumscription of the genera". Phytotaxa. 327 (1): 1–46. doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.327.1.1.
"Cactoideae", Taxonomy Browser, National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI), U.S. National Library of Medicine, retrieved 2021-03-10