Monardella

Life-forms

Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Cladus: Angiosperms
Cladus: Eudicots
Cladus: Core eudicots
Cladus: Asterids
Cladus: Lamiids
Ordo: Lamiales

Familia: Lamiaceae
Subfamilia: Nepetoideae
Tribus: Mentheae
Subtribus: Menthinae
Genus: Monardella
Overview of species

M. angustifolia – M. arizonica – M. australis – M. beneolens – M. boydii – M. breweri – M. candicans – M. douglasii – M. eplingii – M. eremicola – M. exilis – M. follettii – M. hypoleuca – M. kruckebergii – M. lagunensis – M. leucocephala – M. linoides – M. macrantha – M. mojavensis – M. nana – M. odoratissima – M. palmeri – M. perplexans – M. pringlei – M. purpurea – M. robinsonii – M. saxicola – M. sheltonii – M. sinuata – M. siskiyouensis – M. stebbinsii – M. stoneana – M. thymifolia – M. undulata – M. venosa – M. villosa – M. viminea – M. viridis – M. walwaamaxsia
Nothospecies

M. × subglabra
Name

Monardella Benth., Labiat. Gen. Spec.: 331 (1834), nom. cons. prop.
Type species: Monardella odoratissima Benth., Labiat. Gen. Spec.: 332 (1834)

Synonyms

Heterotypic
Madronella Greene, Leafl. Bot. Observ. Crit. 1: 168 (1906)

References

Bentham, G. (1834) Labiatarum Genera et Species 331–333.
Harriman, N.A. (2013) Proposal to conserve the name Monardella (Lamiaceae) with a conserved type, Taxon 62(5): 1065–1066. Available on line [1]. Accessed 2014 July 1.
Elvin, M.A., Kelley, R.B. & Drew, B.T. 2019. Trichome morphology relates to taxonomic diversity in Monardella (Lamiaceae) in the lower Snake River Watershed of Idaho and Oregon, USA: Taxonomic studies in Monardella (Lamiaceae) VI. The Journal of the Torrey Botanical Society 146(4): 299-313. DOI: 10.3159/TORREY-D-18-00059.1 Paywall Reference page.

Links

Tropicos.org 2014. Monardella. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2014 June 26.
Govaerts, R. et al. 2020. Monardella in World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2020 April 3. Reference page.
International Plant Names Index. 2020. Monardella. Published online. Accessed: 3 April 2020.

Monardella is a genus of approximately 40 species of annual and perennial plants native to western North America from British Columbia to northwestern Mexico.[1][3][4] They are grown for their highly aromatic foliage, which in some species is used for herbal teas. The two-lipped, tubular flowers are formed in terminal clusters and are most usually red, pink, or purple.[5]

Monardella is a taxonomic patronym honoring the Spanish botanist Nicolás Monardes.[2] Plants in this genus are commonly known as wildmints, coyote mints or monardellas.

Systematics

The genus comprises the following species.[1]

Monardella antonina Hardham - California
Monardella arizonica Epling - Arizona
Monardella australis Abrams - southern California
Monardella beneolens Shevock, Ertter & Jokerst - southern California
Monardella boydii A.C.Sanders & Elvin - southern California
Monardella breweri A.Gray - California, Nevada, Arizona, Baja California
Monardella candicans Benth. - San Joaquín Valley of California
Monardella douglasii Benth. - San Francisco Bay area of California
Monardella eplingii Elvin et al.[6] - Arizona
Monardella eremicola A.C.Sanders & Elvin - southern California
Monardella exilis (A.Gray) Greene - southern California, Arizona
Monardella follettii (Jeps.) Jokerst - northern Sierra Nevada in California
Monardella frutescens (Hoover) Jokerst - California
Monardella hypoleuca A.Gray - southern California, Baja California
Monardella lagunensis M.E.Jones - Baja California Sur
Monardella lanceolata A.Gray - California
†Monardella leucocephala A.Gray - Merced & Stanislaus counties in California but believed to be extinct
Monardella linoides A.Gray - California, Arizona, Nevada, Baja California
Monardella macrantha A.Gray - California, Baja California
Monardella mojavensis Elvin & A.C.Sanders - Mohave Desert of southeastern California & southern Nevada
Monardella nana A.Gray - California, Baja California
Monardella odoratissima Benth. - mountain wildmint, mountain coyote mint or mountain pennyroyal - much of western North America from British Columbia south to southern California & New Mexico
Monardella palmeri A.Gray - Santa Lucia Mountains of west-central California
†Monardella pringlei A.Gray - Mohave Desert of southeastern California but believed to be extinct
Monardella purpurea Howell - Oregon, California
Monardella robisonii Epling ex Munz - Mohave Desert of southeastern California
Monardella saxicola I.M.Johnst. - southeastern California
Monardella sheltonii Torr. ex Durand - Oregon, California
Monardella sinuata Elvin & A.C.Sanders - coastal central California
Monardella siskiyouensis Hardham - northern California
Monardella stebbinsii Hardham & Bartel - Plumas County in northern California
Monardella stoneana Elvin & A.C.Sanders - San Diego County in California, Baja California
Monardella × subglabra (Hoover) Hardham - California (M. purpurea × M. villosa)
Monardella thymifolia Greene - Cedros Island in Baja California
Monardella undulata Benth. - coastal central California
Monardella venosa (Torr.) A.C.Sanders & Elvin - central California
Monardella villosa Benth. - (common) coyote mint - Oregon, California
Monardella viminea Greene - San Diego County in southern California
Monardella viridis Jeps. - northern San Francisco Bay area of California (Sonoma, Napa, Solano, & Lake Counties)

Horticulture and ecology

Most like a sunny, sharply drained site and can be attractive in a rock garden or pot in the alpine house if smaller species are selected. The taller ones can be used at the front of a dry sunny border. They have reasonable frost resistance, but resent dampness in winter. Propagate from seed or summer cuttings of perennial species, or by division of clumps.

Monardella is a nectar plant for many Lepidoptera (butterflies and moths), including the endangered Myrtle's silverspot (Speyeria zerene myrtleae).

Several species are rare California endemics; two, the Merced monardella (M. leucocephala) and Pringle's monardella (M. pringlei), have not been seen in many decades and are presumed extinct.[7][8]
Notes

Madronella is a taxonomic anagram of Monardella.[2]

References

Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
Burkhardt, Lotte (2018-06-06). Verzeichnis eponymischer Pflanzennamen - Erweiterte Edition. Index of Eponymic Plant Names - Extended Edition. Index de Noms éponymiques des Plantes - Édition augmentée (in German). Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin. p. M64. doi:10.3372/epolist2018. ISBN 978-3-946292-26-5.
Biota of North America Program 2013 county distribution maps
Elvin, M.A. & Sanders, A.C. (2009). Nomenclatural changes for Monardella (Lamiaceae) in California. Novon 19: 315-343.
Jepson Manual Treatment
Elvin, M. A., et al. (2013). Monardella eplingii, a new species from the Black Mountains of northwestern Arizona, USA. Madroño 60(1) 46-54.
Jepson Manual Treatment: M. leucocephala
Jepson Manual Treatment: M. pringlei