Limnophila sessiliflora

Life-forms

Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Cladus: Angiosperms
Cladus: Eudicots
Cladus: Core eudicots
Cladus: Asterids
Cladus: Lamiids
Ordo: Lamiales

Familia: Plantaginaceae
Tribus: Gratioleae
Genus: Limnophila
Species: Limnophila sessiliflora
Name

Limnophila sessiliflora (Vahl, 1820) Blume
Type locality: India, Pakistan, Indonesia, Japan, Sri Lanka

References

Bijdr. 749. 1826
USDA, ARS, Germplasm Resources Information Network. Limnophila sessiliflora in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), U.S. Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service. Accessed: 09-Oct-10.
Riehl, R. & Baensch, H.A. 2001. Atlas de l’aquarium. 14th edition, volume 1, p. 90–91. ISBN 3-88244-049-X. Reference page.

Vernacular names
English: Dwarf Ambulia, Ambulis, Asian Marshweed
français: Limnophile à fleurs sessiles

Limnophila sessiliflora, known as dwarf ambulia, ambulis, and Asian marshweed is a flowering plant in the family Plantaginaceae.

Synonyms

Ambulia Ambulia sessiliflora; Hottonia sessiliflora; Stemodia sessiliflora; Terebinthina sessiliflora; Stemodiacra sessiliflora
Distribution

S.E. Asia Escaped into a number of countries where conditions are suitable and sometimes classified as a weed - in paddy rice fields of India, China, Japan and the Philippines. Now is naturalized in several counties in Florida, from south Florida to the Florida Panhandle. Some species are native to Australia.[1]
Ecology

Very adaptable; has been found growing in mountain streams, lakes, rivers and even damp soils.
Description
in Hyderabad, India.

Looks superficially rather similar to Cabomba but it has leaves in proper whorls, about 1.2 inches (3 cm) in diameter. The leaves are pinnate and bright green in colour. Under strong light the leaves take on a reddish hue. When the plant has received enough light for the day, the whorls of leaves tend to close up and "go to sleep".[2] Can reach over 16 inches (40 cm) in height. The submerse leaves are very different from the emerse forms - dark green, more or less lance-shaped.

The fruit are capsules, ellipsoid, 3.5-5.5 mm long, green-brown when submersed, dark brown when emersed.
Cultivation

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Quite commonly used as a bunch plant in aquariums. Needs medium light (more light results in better growth and appearance) and a nutrient-rich water column. Benefits from the addition of CO2. Like many stem plants, it tends to take on a leggy growth in poor light.

Propagated by cuttings.

Growth conditions: Ph 6–7.5 3-25 dGH 3-25 dKH Temperature 22 - 28'C

A nutrient-rich substrate also benefits the plant.
References

http://www.dpi.nsw.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0007/329308/041209-DPI-RWW-PLANT-GUIDE.pdf Page 45

"African Clawed Frogs – FAQ – Page 69 – Pet Fish".

Biswas D, Calder CC. 1955. Handbook of Common Water and Marsh Plants of India and Buram. Health Bull. 24, Delhi, 47 pp.
Dutta NM. 1975. A Revision of the genus Limnophila of eastern India. Bull. Bot. Soc. Bengal. 29:1-7
Gilbert KM. 1984. A review of the aquatic plants Limnophila heterophylla and Limnophila sessiliflora. Bureau of Aquatic Plant Research and Control Dept. of Natural Resources. 12 pp.
Mahler MJ. 1980. Limnophila, a new exotic pest. Aquatics 2:4-7
Philcox D. 1970. A taxonomic revision of the genus Limnophila R. Br. (scrophulariaceae). Kew Bull. 24(1):101-170
Rataj K, Horeman TJ. 1977. Aquarium Plants. T.F. H. Publications: Neptune City.
Sculthorpe CD. 1967. The Biology of Aquatic Vascular Plants. Edward Arnold Publ. Ltd.: London. 610 pp.
Spencer W, Bowes G. 1985. Limnophila and Hygrophila: a review and physiological assessment of their weed potential in Florida. J. Aq. Pl. Manag. 23:7-16
Yamazaki T. 1985. A revision of the genera Limnophila and Torenia from Indochina. Journ. Fac. Sci. Univ. Todyo. III 13: 575-624
Yang YP, Yen SH. 1997. Notes on Limnophila (scrophulariaceae) of Taiwan. Botanical Bulletin of Academia Sinica. pp. 285–294