Gerbera

Life-forms

Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Cladus: Angiosperms
Cladus: Eudicots
Cladus: Core eudicots
Cladus: Asterids
Cladus: Campanulids
Ordo: Asterales

Familia: Asteraceae
Subfamilia: Mutisioideae
Tribus: Mutisieae
Genus: Gerbera
Species: G. ambigua – G. aurantiaca – G. bojeri – G. crocea – G. diversifolia – G. elliptica – G. emirnensis – G. galpinii – G. grandis – G. hypochaeridoides – G. jamesonii – G. leandrii – G. linnaei – G. natalensis – G. ovata – G. parva – G. perrieri – G. petasitifolia – G. serrata – G. sylvicola – G. tomentosa – G. viridifolia – G. wrightii

Source(s) of checklist:

Hassler, M. 2018. Gerbera. World Plants: Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World In: Roskovh, Y., Abucay, L., Orrell, T., Nicolson, D., Bailly, N., Kirk, P., Bourgoin, T., DeWalt, R.E., Decock, W., De Wever, A., Nieukerken, E. van, Zarucchi, J. & Penev, L., eds. 2018. Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2018 Jun. 03. Reference page.

Name

Gerbera L., Opera Var. 247. (1758)

Type species: Arnica gerbera L. = Gerbera linnaei Cass.

Synonyms

Aphyllocaulon Lag.
Berniera DC.
Gerbera sect. Lasiopus (Cass.) Sch.Bip.
Gerbera sect. Piloselloides Less.
Gerbera subgen. Piloselloides (Less.) Less.
Lasiopus Cass.
Piloselloides (Less.) C.Jeffrey ex Cufod.
Pseudoseris Baill.

References

Linnaeus, C. 1758. Caroli Linnaei Opera Varia...Lucae 247.
Hansen, H.V., 1988. A taxonomic revision of the genera Gerbera sect. Isanthus, Leibnitzia (in Asia), and Uechtritzia (Compositae, Mutisieae). Nordic Journal of Botany. 8(1), 61–76. DOI: 10.1111/j.1756-1051.1988.tb01707.x Reference page.
Hassler, M. 2018. Gerbera. World Plants: Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World In: Roskovh, Y., Abucay, L., Orrell, T., Nicolson, D., Bailly, N., Kirk, P., Bourgoin, T., DeWalt, R.E., Decock, W., De Wever, A., Nieukerken, E. van, Zarucchi, J. & Penev, L., eds. 2018. Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2018 Jun. 03. Reference page.
International Plant Names Index. 2018. Gerbera. Published online. Accessed: Jun. 03 2018.
Pasini, E., Funk, V.A., de Souza-Chies, T.T. & Miotto, S.T. 2016. New insights into the phylogeny and biogeography of the Gerbera-Complex (Asteraceae: Mutisieae). Taxon 65(3): 547-562. DOI: 10.12705/653.7 PDF from ResearchGate Reference page.
Tropicos.org 2018. Gerbera. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2018 Jun. 03.

Vernacular names
беларуская: Гербера
suomi: Gerberat

Gerbera (/ˈdʒɜːrbərə/ or /ˈɡɜːrbərə/) L. is a genus of plants in the Asteraceae (daisy family). It was named in honour of German botanist and medical doctor Traugott Gerber[3] (1710-1743) who travelled extensively in Russia and was a friend of Carl Linnaeus.[4]

Gerbera is native to tropical regions of South America, Africa and Asia. The first scientific description of a Gerbera was made by J.D. Hooker in Curtis's Botanical Magazine in 1889 when he described Gerbera jamesonii, a South African species also known as Transvaal daisy or Barberton daisy. Gerbera is also commonly known as the African daisy.

Gerbera species bear a large capitulum with striking, two-lipped ray florets in yellow, orange, white, pink or red colours. The capitulum, which has the appearance of a single flower, is actually composed of hundreds of individual flowers. The morphology of the flowers varies depending on their position in the capitulum. The flower heads can be as small as 7 cm (Gerbera mini 'Harley') in diameter or up to 12 cm (Gerbera ‘Golden Serena’).

Gerbera is very popular and widely used as a decorative garden plant or as cut flowers. The domesticated cultivars are mostly a result of a cross between Gerbera jamesonii and another South African species Gerbera viridifolia.[5] The cross is known as Gerbera hybrida. Thousands of cultivars exist. They vary greatly in shape and size. Colours include white, yellow, orange, red, and pink. The centre of the flower is sometimes black. Often the same flower can have petals of several different colours.

Gerbera is also important commercially. It is the fifth most used cut flower in the world (after rose, carnation, chrysanthemum, and tulip). It is also used as a model organism in studying flower formation.

Gerbera contains naturally occurring coumarin derivatives. Gerbera is a tender perennial plant. It is attractive to bees, butterflies, and birds, but resistant to deer. Small ones are called gerbrinis.[6]

Species[2]

Gerbera ambigua
Gerbera aurantiaca : Hilton daisy
Gerbera bojeri
Gerbera bonatiana
Gerbera connata
Gerbera cordata
Gerbera crocea
Gerbera curvisquama
Gerbera delavayi
Gerbera diversifolia
Gerbera elliptica
Gerbera emirnensis
Gerbera galpinii
Gerbera gossypina
Gerbera hypochaeridoides
Gerbera jamesonii : Barberton daisy, gerbera daisy, Transvaal daisy
Gerbera kunzeana
Gerbera latiligulata
Gerbera leandrii
Gerbera leiocarpa
Gerbera leucothrix
Gerbera lijiangensis
Gerbera linnaei
Gerbera macrocephala
Gerbera maxima
Gerbera nepalensis
Gerbera nivea
Gerbera parva
Gerbera perrieri
Gerbera petasitifolia
Gerbera piloselloides
Gerbera pterodonta
Gerbera raphanifolia
Gerbera ruficoma
Gerbera saxatilis
Gerbera serotina
Gerbera serrata
Gerbera tomentosa
Gerbera viridifolia
Gerbera wrightii

Formerly included[2]

Numerous species once considered members of Gerbera are now regarded as more suited to other genera: Chaptalia, Leibnitzia, Mairia, Perdicium, Trichocline, and Uechtritzia.

References

Tropicos search for Gerbera
Flann, C (ed) 2009+ Global Compositae Checklist
"Traugott Gerber - Gerbera.org".
Sunset Western Garden Book, 1995:606–607
Isabel Johnson. "Gerbera jamesonii Adlam". Retrieved 22 January 2014.

"Landscape Plants Rated by Deer Resistance". njaes.rutgers.edu.

Sources

Hansen, Hans V. A taxonomic revision of the genus Gerbera (Compositae, Mutisieae) sections Gerbera, Parva, Piloselloides (in Africa), and Lasiopus (Opera botanica. No. 78; 1985), ISBN 87-88702-04-9.
Nesom, G .L. 2004. Response to "The Gerbera complex (Asteraceae, Mutisieae): to split or not to split" by Liliana Katinas. Sida 21:941–942.
Bremer K. 1994: Asteraceae: cladistics and classification. Timber Press: Portland, Oregon.