Flueggea

Life-forms

Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Cladus: Angiosperms
Cladus: Eudicots
Cladus: Core eudicots
Cladus: Rosids
Cladus: Eurosids I
Ordo: Malpighiales

Familia: Phyllanthaceae
Subfamilia: Phyllanthoideae
Tribus: Phyllantheae
Genus: Flueggea
Species: F. acicularis – F. acidoton – F. anatolica – F. elliptica – F. flexuosa – F. gracilis – F. jullienii – F. leucopyrus – F. monticola – F. neowawraea – F. schuechiana – F. spirei – F. suffruticosa – F. tinctoria – F. verrucosa – F. virosa
Name

Flueggea Willd., 1806 ("Flüggea")

Type species: Flueggea leucopyrus Willd.

Synonyms

Fluggea orth. var.
Heterotypic
Acidoton P.Br., 1756 (Civ. Nat. Hist. Jam.:355.), nom. rej., non Acidoton Sw., 1788, nom. cons.
Bessera Spreng., 1815 (Pl. Min. Cogn. Pug. 2:90), nom. rej. non Bessera Schult.f., 1829 nom. cons.
Type species: Bessera inermis Spreng. (=Flueggea virosa subsp. virosa (Roxb. ex Willd.) Royle, 1836)
Geblera Fisch. & C.A.Mey., 1835 (Index Sem. Hort. Petrop. 1:28)
Type species: Geblera suffruticosa (Pall.) Fisch. & C. A. Mey. (=Flueggea suffruticosa (Pall.) Baill., 1858)
Colmeiroa Reut., 1842 (Bibl. Univers. Genève 38:215)
Type species: Colmeiroa buxifolia Reut. (=Flueggea tinctoria (L.) G.L.Webster, 1984)
Coilmeroa Endl., Gen. Pl., Suppl. 3: 99 (1843).
Pleiostemon Sond., 1850 (Linnaea 23:135)
Type species: Pleiostemon verrucosum (Thunb.) Sond. (=Flueggea verrucosa (Thunb.) G.L.Webster, 1984)
Securinega sect. Flueggea (Willd.) Müll.Arg., 1866 (in DC, Prodr. 15(2):448)
Villanova Pourr. ex Cutanda, Fl. Comp. Madrid: 595 (1861)
Neowawraea Rock, 1913 (Indig. Trees Haw. Isl.:243)
Type species: Neowawraea phyllanthoides Rock (=Flueggea neowawraea W.J.Hayden, 1987)
Richeriella Pax & K.Hoffm., 1922 (in Engl., Pflanzenr. IV.147.xv:30)
Type species: Richeriella gracilis (Merr.) Pax & K.Hoffm. (=Flueggea gracilis (Merr.) Petra Hoffm., 2006)

References

Willdenow, C. L. von (ed.). 1806. Species Plantarum, ed. 4. 4: 637.
Barker, C.P. & van Welzen, P.C. 2010. Flueggea (Euphorbiaceae s.l. or Phyllanthaceae) in Malesia. Systematic Botany 35(3): 541–551. DOI: 10.1600/036364410792495890 Paywall ResearchGate Reference page.
Govaerts, R. et al. 2020. Flueggea in World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2020 Apr. 2. Reference page.
International Plant Names Index. 2020. Flueggea. Published online. Accessed: Apr. 4 2020.

Vernacular names
English: Bushweeds

Flueggea, the bushweeds, is a genus of shrubs and trees in the family Phyllanthaceae first described as a genus in 1806.[3][4][5] It is widespread across much of Asia, Africa, and various oceanic islands, with a few species in South America and on the Iberian Peninsula.[2][6][7][8][9][10]

The genus is named after John Fluegge, a German cryptogamic botanist.

Members of this genus all have entire ovate leaves and minute green flowers that form at the leaf axils in the form of fascicles or cymes. The fruits are berries, of the size of peas.[8] With the exception of F. verrucosa, F. spirei, and occasionally F. virosa, they are dioecious.[11]
Taxonomy

The genus Flueggea consists of 12[12] -16[13] species.

Many members of the genus were formerly classified under the genus Securinega.

Species[2]

Flueggea acicularis - S China
Flueggea acidoton - West Indies
Flueggea anatolica - S Turkey
Flueggea elliptica - Ecuador
Flueggea flexuosa - Philippines, Maluku, New Guinea, SW Pacific
Flueggea gracilis - Hainan, Palawan, Borneo, Malaysia, S Thailand
Flueggea jullienii - Cambodia, Laos, Vietnam
Flueggea leucopyrus - Socotra, Sajid Island, S India, Sri Lanka, Sichuan, Yunnan
Flueggea monticola - Sichuan, Yunnan
Flueggea neowawraea - Hawaii
Flueggea schuechiana - Pernambuco
Flueggea spirei - Laos
Flueggea suffruticosa - Siberia, Mongolia, China, Korea, Japan
Flueggea tinctoria - Spain, Portugal
Flueggea verrucosa - Cape Province, KwaZulu-Natal
Flueggea virosa - Africa, Madagascar, SW + S + SE Asia, Mascarenes, N Australia

Formerly included[2]

moved to other genera (Leptopus Margaritaria Meineckia Ophiopogon )

F. anceps - Ophiopogon japonicus
F. angulata Raf. 1838 not (Schumach. & Thonn.) Schrank 1828 - Ophiopogon japonicus
F. bailloniana - Margaritaria discoidea var. triplosphaera
F. capillipes - Leptopus chinensis
F. dracaenoides - Ophiopogon dracaenoides
F. dubia - Ophiopogon intermedius
F. eglandulosa - Margaritaria anomala
F. fagifolia - Margaritaria discoidea var. fagifolia
F. griffithii - Ophiopogon intermedius
F. hilariana - Meineckia neogranatensis subsp. hilariana
F. intermedia - Ophiopogon intermedius
F. jaburan - Ophiopogon jaburan
F. jacquemontiana - Ophiopogon intermedius
F. japonica (Thunb.) Rich. not 1807 (Miq.) Pax 1890 - Ophiopogon japonicus
F. major - Margaritaria anomala
F. meineckia - Meineckia phyllanthoides
F. nitida - Margaritaria discoidea var. nitida
F. obovata Baill. 1861 not (Willd.) Wall. ex Fern.-Vill. 1880 - Margaritaria discoidea var. triplosphaera
F. prolifera - Ophiopogon caulescens
F. trichogynis - Meineckia trichogynis
F. wallichiana Kunth 1825 not Baill. 1858 - Ophiopogon intermedius

References

1874 illustration from tab. 54 of D. Brandis, Illustrations of the Forest Flora of North-West and Central India, 1874
Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
Willdenow, Carl Ludwig von. 1806. Species Plantarum. Editio quarta 4(2): 637
Willdenow, Carl Ludwig von. 1806. Species Plantarum. Editio quarta 4(2): 757–758
Tropicos, genus Flueggea Willd.
Govaerts, R., Frodin, D.G. & Radcliffe-Smith, A. (2000). World Checklist and Bibliography of Euphorbiaceae (and Pandaceae) 1-4: 1-1622. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
Barker, C. & van Welzen, P.C. (2010). Flueggea (Euphorbiaceae s. l. or Phyllanthaceae) in Malesia. Systematic Botany 35: 541-551.
Flora of China Vol. 11 Page 177 白饭树属 bai fan shu shu Flueggea Willdenow, Sp. Pl. 4: 637, 757. 1805.
Schatz, G. E., S. Andriambololonera, Andrianarivelo, M. W. Callmander, Faranirina, P. P. Lowry, P. B. Phillipson, Rabarimanarivo, J. I. Raharilala, Rajaonary, Rakotonirina, R. H. Ramananjanahary, B. Ramandimbisoa, A. Randrianasolo, N. Ravololomanana, Z.S. Rogers, C.M. Taylor & G. A. Wahlert. 2011. Catalogue of the Vascular Plants of Madagascar. Monographs in systematic botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden
Nasir, E. & S. I. Ali (eds). 1980-2005. Flora of Pakistan University. of Karachi, Karachi.
. JSTOR 23188162. Missing or empty |title= (help)
Zhou, Li; Zhao, Bing-Xin; Jiang, Ren-Wang; Huang, Xiao-Jun; Wu, Zhen-Long; Wang, Ying; Ye, Wen-Cai (3 June 2014). "Securinega alkaloids from the fruits of Flueggea suffruticosa". Journal of Asian Natural Products Research. Informa UK Limited. 16 (6): 593–601. doi:10.1080/10286020.2014.930443. ISSN 1028-6020. PMID 24957326. S2CID 722367.
"Flueggea suffruticosa (Pall.) Baill". Catalog of Life. Retrieved 11 May 2020.