Digitalis grandiflora

Life-forms

Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Cladus: Angiosperms
Cladus: Eudicots
Cladus: Core eudicots
Cladus: Asterids
Cladus: Lamiids
Ordo: Lamiales

Familia: Plantaginaceae
Tribus: Digitalideae
Genus: Digitalis
Sectio: D. sect. Grandiflorae
Species: Digitalis grandiflora
Name

Digitalis grandiflora Mill., Gard. Dict. ed. 8: n.º 4 corr. (1768).
Synonyms

Homotypic
Digitalis ambigua var. grandiflora (Mill.) Wender.. Index Seminum (MB, Marburgensis) 1825: 6 (1825)-
Heterotypic
Digitalis ambigua Murray, Prodr. Stirp. Gott.: 62 (1770).
Digitalis ambigua var. acutiloba Gren. in Grenier & Godron, Fl. Fr. 2(2): 604 (1853).
Digitalis ambigua var. obtusiloba Gren. in Grenier & Godron, Fl. Fr. 2(2): 604 (1853).
Digitalis appendiculata Porta ex Huter
Digitalis flava Georgi, Bemerk. Reise Russ. Reich 2: 713 (1775).
Digitalis grandiflora var. acutiflora W.D.J.Koch, Syn. Fl. Germ. Helv. 1(2): 518 (1837).
Digitalis lutea Pollich, Hist. Pl. Palat. 2: 199 (1777) nom. illeg. non L. 1753
Digitalis lutea-major Gilib., Fl. Lit. Inch. 1: 124 (1782), opus utiq. oppr..
Digitalis magniflora Mill., Gard. Dict. ed. 8: n.º 4 (1768).
Digitalis media Roth, Catal. Bot. 3: 60 (1806).
Digitalis milleri G.Don, Gen. Hist. 4: 506 (1838).
Digitalis ochroleuca Jacq., Fl. Austriac. 1: 36 (1773).
Digitalis grandiflora var. ochroleuca (Jacq.) Lej. & Courtois
Digitalis orientalis Mill., Gard. Dict. ed. 8: n.º 7 (1768).

Homonyms

Digitalis media P.Fourn. (1937) = Digitalis × intermedia Pers.

Hybrids

Digitalis × fulva Samp.
Digitalis × fuscescens Waldst. & Kit.
Digitalis × intermedia Pers.
Digitalis × pelia Zerbst & Bocquet
Digitalis × velenovskyana Soó

Distribution
Native distribution areas:

Continental: Europe
Regional: Middle Europe
Austria, Belgium, Czechoslovakia (Czech Republic, Slovakia), Germany, Hungary, Poland, Switzerland.
Regional: Southwestern Europe
France.
Regional: Southeastern Europe
Albania, Bulgaria, Greece, Italy, Romania, Turkey-in-Europe, Yugoslavia (Bosnia-Herzegovina, Croatia, Serbia, Slovenia).
Regional: Eastern Europe
Belarus, Baltic States (Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania), Central European Russia, East European Russia, Northwest European Russia, Ukraine (Moldova, Ukraine)
Continental: Asia-Temperate
Regional: Siberia
Altay, West Siberia.
Regional: Caucasus
North Caucasus.
Continental: Asia-Tropical (introduced)
Regional: Indian Subcontinent
West Himalaya.
Continental: Northern America (introduced)
Regional: Eastern Canada
Ontario.
Regional: North-Central U.S.A.
Minnesota.
Regional: Northeastern U.S.A.
Connecticut, Maine, Michigan, New Hampshire, New York, Ohio, Vermont.

References: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2nd Edition
References
Primary references

Miller, P. 1768. The Gardeners Dictionary: containing the best and newest methods of cultivating and improving the kitchen, fruit, flower garden, and nursery. Ed. 8, 3 volumes (without pagination), John & Francis Rivington, London. DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.541 Reference page.

Additional references

Ivanina, L.I. 1955. Digitalis grandiflora. Pp. 456 in Schischkin, B.K. & Bobrov, E.G. (eds.), Flora URSS (Flora Unionis Rerumpublicarum Sovieticarum Socialisticarum) XXII. [Solanaceae – Scrophulariaceae] [in Russian]. xxv + 861 pp., Academia Scientiarum URSS, Mosqua, Leningrad. DJVU. English translation: 745 pp. BHL Reference page.

Links

Hassler, M. 2021. Digitalis grandiflora. World Plants: Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World In: Roskovh, Y., Abucay, L., Orrell, T., Nicolson, D., Bailly, N., Kirk, P., Bourgoin, T., DeWalt, R.E., Decock, W., De Wever, A., Nieukerken, E. van, Zarucchi, J. & Penev, L., eds. 2021. Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life. Published online. Accessed: 2021 January 23. Reference page.
Govaerts, R. et al. 2021. Digitalis grandiflora in Kew Science Plants of the World online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published online. Accessed: 2021 January 23. Reference page.
International Plant Names Index. 2021. Digitalis grandiflora. Published online. Accessed: 23 January 2021.
Tela Botanica (ed.) 2000 onwards: Tela Botanica. Le réseau de la botanique francophone. eFlore. Digitalis grandiflora. Association Tela Botanica, Montpellier, France. Accessed: 2021 Jan 24.

Vernacular names
العربية: قمعية كبيرة الأزهار
azərbaycanca: İriçiçək üskükotu
башҡортса: Уймаҡ үлән
беларуская: Наперстаўка буйнакветная
bosanski: Velecvijetni naprstak
čeština: náprstník velkokvětý
Deutsch: Großblütiger Fingerhut
English: big-flowered foxglove, yellow foxglove, large yellow foxglove
español: digital de grandes flores
eesti: Helekollane sõrmkübar
suomi: Keltasormustinkukka
français: Digitale à grandes fleurs
hornjoserbsce: Blědy naporst
magyar: sárga gyűszűvirág
italiano: Digitale gialla grande
lietuvių: Didžiažiedė rusmenė
latviešu: Lielziedu uzpirkstīte
Nederlands: Grootbloemig vingerhoedskruid
polski: naparstnica zwyczajna
русский: Наперстянка крупноцветковая
slovenčina: náprstník veľkokvetý
svenska: Gul fingerborgsblomma
Türkçe: Büyük sarı yüksük otu
українська: Наперстянка великоквіткова, Наперстянка великоцвіта

Digitalis grandiflora, the yellow foxglove,[1][2] big-flowered foxglove, or large yellow foxglove, is a species of flowering plant in the genus Digitalis, family Plantaginaceae (formerly Scrophulariaceae). It is native to southern Europe and Asia. In mountains it grows on warm, bushy slopes or areas left after logging. The Latin specific epithet grandiflora means “large flowered”.[3]
Contents

1 Description
2 Cultivation
2.1 Cultivars
3 Hybrids
4 Pharmacology
5 Gallery
6 References

Description

It is a herbaceous perennial growing from a short rootstock with fibrous roots.[4] D. grandiflora has glossy green, veined leaves, whose flowering stem can reach a height of 70–120 cm (28–47 in). The pale yellow bell-shaped flowers are spaced out on the stem, 3–4 cm (1–2 in) long and show a netted brown marking in their interior.[5] In the wild plants bloom in June and July.[6]
Cultivation

Digitalis grandiflora is long lived perennial,[6] it has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.[7][8] It is winter hardy is USDA zones 3 to 8 and grows best in moisture retentive, but well drained, organic soils in part shade.[9] Cultivated plants in Germany bloom from June to August, in North America, flowering occurs from May to June in Missouri and from June to July in Ohio; with the typical bloom period lasting eight weeks.[6]
Cultivars

Digitalis grandiflora 'Carillon'[6]
Digitalis grandiflora 'Temple Bells'[6]

Hybrids

Digitalis × fulva, Lindl. 1821

(Hybrid formula: Digitalis grandiflora Mill. × Digitalis purpurea L.).
Pharmacology
As the plant contains cardenolides, all parts are toxic. Its leaves contain 0.2% glycosides of the digitoxin-type and about 0,1% of the digoxin-type. Even so, the plant is not used in the production of cardiac glycosides.

References

BSBI List 2007 (xls). Botanical Society of Britain and Ireland. Archived from the original (xls) on 2015-06-26. Retrieved 2014-10-17.
USDA, NRCS (n.d.). "Digitalis grandiflora". The PLANTS Database (plants.usda.gov). Greensboro, North Carolina: National Plant Data Team. Retrieved 18 January 2016.
Harrison, Lorraine (2012). RHS Latin for Gardeners. United Kingdom: Mitchell Beazley. ISBN 978-1845337315.
Flora of the U.S.S.R. Vol. 22. 1997.
RHS A-Z encyclopedia of garden plants. United Kingdom: Dorling Kindersley. 2008. p. 1136. ISBN 978-1405332965.
Tomasz Ani_ko (1 January 2008). When Perennials Bloom: An Almanac for Planning and Planting. Timber Press. pp. 173–. ISBN 978-0-88192-887-7.
"Digitalis grandiflora". Retrieved 27 May 2020.
"AGM Plants - Ornamental" (PDF). Royal Horticultural Society. July 2017. p. 29. Retrieved 6 February 2018.
"Digitalis grandiflora - Plant Finder".