Cynodonteae

Life-forms

Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Cladus: Angiosperms
Cladus: Monocots
Cladus: Commelinids
Ordo: Poales

Familia: Poaceae
Subfamilia: Chloridoideae
Tribus: Cynodonteae
Subtribus: Aeluropodinae – Allolepiinae – Boutelouinae – Cteniinae – Dactylocteniinae – Eleusininae – Farragininae – Gouiniinae – Hilariinae – Hubbardochloinae – Jouveinae – Kaliniinae – Monanthochloinae – Muhlenbergiinae – Orcuttiinae – Orininae – Pappophorinae – Perotidinae – Scleropogoninae – Sohnsiinae – Traginae – Trichoneurinae – Triodiinae – Tripogoninae – Zaqiqahinae – incertae sedis

Aegopogon - Afrotrichloris - Astrebla - Austrochloris - Bouteloua - Brachyachne - Catalepis - Chloris - Chrysochloa - Craspedorhachis - Ctenium - Cynodon - Daknopholis - Decaryella - Dignathia - Enteropogon - Eustachys - Farrago - Gymnopogon - Harpochloa - Hilaria - Kampochloa - Leptothrium - Lepturidium - Lepturopetium - Lintonia - Lopholepis - Melanocenchris - Microchloa - Monelytrum - Mosdenia - Neobouteloua - Neostapfiella - Oxychloris - Perotis - Pleuraphis - Pogonochloa - Polevansia - Pommereulla - Pseudozoysia - Schaffnerella - Schedonnardus - Schoenefeldia - Spartina - Tetrachaete - Tetrapogon - Tragus - Trichloris - Willkommia - Zoysia

Name

Cynodonteae Dumort. Observ. Gramin. Belg. 83, 90, 140. (1824)

Type genus: Cynodon Rich. in C.H.Persoon, Syn. Pl. 1: 85 (1805)

Synonyms

Aeluropodeae Nevski
Aeluropodieae Nevski ex Bor (1965)
Chlorideae Martinov Tekhno-Bot. Slovar. 125. (1820) Unranked
Chlorideae Bercht. & J. Presl
Chlorideae Rchb. Unranked (1828)
Chlorideae Trin. (1824) isonym, later than Dumort.
Eragrostideae Stapf
Jouveae Pilg. (1956)
Leptureae Dumort. (1824)
Monermeae C.E. Hubb. (1948) nom. inval.
Nazieae Hitchc. (1920) nom. illeg.
Pappophoreae Kunth (1829)
Perotideae C.E. Hubb.
Pommereulleae Bor (1960)
Spartineae Gren. & Godr.
Trageae Hitchc. (1927)
Triodieae H.F. Decker
Unioleae Roshev.
Unioleae Roshev. ex C.S. Campb.
Zoysieae Benth.

References

Dumontier, B.C.J. 1824. Observations sur les Graminées de la Flore Belgique 83, 90, 140. BHL
Peterson P.M., Romaschenko K., & Herrera Arrieta Y. 2014. A molecular phylogeny and classification of the Cteniinae, Farragininae, Gouiniinae, Gymnopogoninae, Perotidinae, and Trichoneurinae (Poaceae: Chloridoideae: Cynodonteae). Taxon 63: 275–286. DOI: 10.12705/632.35 Full text PDF from ResearchGate Reference page.
Peterson, P.M., Romaschenko, K. & Herrera Arrieta, Y. 2016. A molecular phylogeny and classification of the Cynodonteae (Poaceae: Chloridoideae) with four new genera: Orthacanthus, Triplasiella, Tripogonella, and Zaqiqah; three new subtribes: Dactylocteniinae, Orininae, and Zaqiqahinae; and a subgeneric classification of Distichlis. Taxon 65(6): 1263-1287. DOI: 10.12705/656.4 Paywall. hdl: 10088/30486 Open access. Reference page.
Peterson, P.M., Romaschenko, K. & Herrera Arrieta, Y. 2017. Four new subtribes: Allolepiinae, Jouveinae, Kaliniinae, and Sohnsiinae in the Cynodonteae (Poaceae: Chloridoideae). Phytoneuron 2017-44: 1–9. PDF Reference page.
Soreng, R.J., Davidse, G., Peterson, P.M., Zuloaga, F.O., Judziewicz, E.J., Filgueiras, T.S., Morrone, O. & Komaschenko, K. [2000 onwards.] World-wide Phylogenetic Classification of Poaceae (Gramineae). Catalogue of New World Grasses, Tropicos Project 10. Website. Reference page.
Soreng, R.J., Peterson, P.M., Romaschenko, K., Davidse, G., Zuloaga, F.O., Judziewicz, E.J., Filgueiras, T.S., Davis, J.I. & Morrone, O. 2015. A worldwide phylogenetic classification of the Poaceae (Gramineae). Journal of Systematics and Evolution 53(2): 117–137. DOI: 10.1111/jse.12150 Paywall PDF. Reference page.
Soreng, R.J., Peterson, P.M., Romaschenko, K., Davidse, G., Teisher, J.K., Clark, L.G., Barberá, P., Gillespie, L.J. & Zuloaga, F.O. 2017. A worldwide phylogenetic classification of the Poaceae (Gramineae) II: An update and a comparison of two 2015 classifications. Journal of Systematics and Evolution 55(4): 259–290. DOI: 10.1111/jse.12262 Open access ResearchGate Reference page.
International Plant Names Index. 2016. Cynodonteae. Published online. Accessed: Jan. 7 2016.
Tropicos.org 2016. Cynodonteae. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published online. Accessed: 7 Jan. 2016.

Cynodonteae is a large tribe of grasses in the subfamily Chloridoideae, with over 800 species.[1][2][3][4]

Like most of the subfamily, species in the tribe are adapted to warm, arid climates and use the C4 photosynthetic pathway, with the exception of Eleusine indica. Some species, such as Bermuda grass (Cynodon dactylon) or goosegrass (Eleusine indica), are widespread weeds, introduced in many countries.

Most of the 94 genera are classified in one of 21 subtribes, but some are still unplaced (incertae sedis) within the tribe.[1]

incertae sedis

Allolepis
Jouvea
Kalinia
Kampochloa
Lepturidium
Sclerodactylon
Sohnsia
Vietnamochloa

Aeluropodinae

Aeluropus
Odyssea

Dactylocteniinae

Acrachne
Brachychloa
Dactyloctenium
Neobouteloua

Eleusininae

Afrotrichloris
Apochiton
Astrebla
Austrochloris
Chloris (syn. Lintonia, Ochthochloa)
Chrysochloa
Coelachyrum (syn. Coelachyropsis)
Cynodon (syn. Brachyachne)
Daknopholis
Dinebra (syn. Drake-Brockmania, Heterocarpha, Oxydenia)
Diplachne
Disakisperma (syn. Cypholepis)
Eleusine
Enteropogon
Eustachys
Harpochloa
Leptochloa (syn. Trichloris)
Lepturus
Micrachne
Microchloa (syn. Rendlia)
Neostapfiella
Oxychloris
Pommereulla
Rheochloa
Schoenefeldia
Stapfochloa
Tetrapogon (syn. Saugetia)

Orcuttiinae

Neostapfia
Orcuttia (syn. Tuctoria)

Orininae

Cleistogenes
Orinus

Pappophorinae

Neesiochloa
Pappophorum
Tridens (syn. Antonella)

Triodiinae

Triodia (syn. Monodia, Plectrachne, Symplectrodia)

Tripogoninae

Desmostachya
Eragrostiella
Halopyrum
Melanocenchris
Oropetium
Tripogon
Tripogonella

Supersubtribe Boutelouodinae

Boutelouinae

Bouteloua (syn. Buchloe, Buchlomimus, Cathestecum, Chondrosum, Cyclostachya, Griffithsochloa, Opizia, Pentarrhaphis, Pringleochloa, Soderstromia)

Hilariinae

Hilaria (syn. Pleuraphis)

Monanthochloinae

Distichlis (syn. Monanthochloe, Reederochloa)

Muhlenbergiinae

Muhlenbergia (syn. Aegopogon, Bealia, Blepharoneuron, Chaboissaea, Lycurus, Pereilema, Redfieldia, Schaffnerella, Schedonnardus)

Scleropogoninae

Blepharidachne
Dasyochloa
Erioneuron
Munroa
Scleropogon
Swallenia

Traginae

Monelytrum
Orthacanthus
Pogononeura
Polevansia
Tragus
Willkommia (syn. Willbleibia)

Supersubtribe Gouiniodinae

Cteniinae

Ctenium

Farragininae

Craspedorhachis
Farrago

Gouiniinae

Gouinia
Schenckochloa
Tridentopsis
Triplasiella
Triplasis
Vaseyochloa

Hubbardochloinae

Bewsia
Decaryella
Dignathia
Gymnopogon
Hubbardochloa
Leptocarydion
Leptothrium (syn. Latipes)
Lophacme

Perotidinae

Mosdenia
Perotis (syn. Lopholepis, Toliara)
Trigonochloa

Trichoneurinae

Trichoneura

Zaqiqahinae

Zaqiqah

References

Soreng, Robert J.; Peterson, Paul M.; Romaschenko, Konstantin; Davidse, Gerrit; Teisher, Jordan K.; Clark, Lynn G.; Barberá, Patricia; Gillespie, Lynn J.; Zuloaga, Fernando O. (2017). "A worldwide phylogenetic classification of the Poaceae (Gramineae) II: An update and a comparison of two 2015 classifications". Journal of Systematics and Evolution. 55 (4): 259–290. doi:10.1111/jse.12262. ISSN 1674-4918.open access
Peterson, PM; Romaschenko, K; Johnson, G (September 2010). "A phylogeny and classification of the Muhlenbergiinae (Poaceae: Chloridoideae: Cynodonteae) based on plastid and nuclear DNA sequences". American Journal of Botany. 97 (9): 1532–54. doi:10.3732/ajb.0900359. PMID 21616906.
Peterson, PM; Romaschenko, K; Johnson, G (May 2010). "A classification of the Chloridoideae (Poaceae) based on multi-gene phylogenetic trees". Molecular Phylogenetics & Evolution. 55 (2): 580–98. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2010.01.018. PMID 20096795.
Hilu, Khidir; Alice, Lawrence (April 2001). "A Phylogeny of Chloridoideae (Poaceae) Based on matK Sequences". Systematic Botany. 26 (2): 386–405. doi:10.1043/0363-6445-26.2.386. JSTOR 2666713.