Acalypha australis

Life-forms

Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Cladus: Angiosperms
Cladus: Eudicots
Cladus: Core eudicots
Cladus: Rosids
Cladus: Eurosids I
Ordo: Malpighiales

Familia: Euphorbiaceae
Subfamilia: Acalyphoideae
Tribus: Acalypheae
Genus: Acalypha
Species: Acalypha australis
Name

Acalypha australis L., Sp. Pl. 2: 1004 (1753).

Synonyms

Homotypic
Ricinocarpus australis (L.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 617 (1891).
Heterotypic
Acalypha virgata Thunb., Fl. Jap.: 268 (1784).
Acalypha sessilis Poir. in J.B.A.M.de Lamarck, Encycl. 6: 205 (1804).
Acalypha pauciflora Hornem., Hort. Bot. Hafn.: 909 (1815).
Acalypha gemina (Lour.) Spreng., Syst. Veg. 3: 880 (1826).
Acalypha chinensis Roxb., Fl. Ind. ed (1832), 3: 677 (1832).
Meterana dimidiata Raf., Sylva Tellur.: 66 (1838).
Acalypha lanceolata Benth. in N.Wallich, Numer. List: n.º 7789 (1847), nom. nud.
Acalypha pauciflora var. glareosa Rupr., Mém. Acad. Imp. Sci. St.-Pétersbourg Divers Savans 9: 240 (1859).
Acalypha pauciflora var. umbrosa Rupr., Mém. Acad. Imp. Sci. St.-Pétersbourg Divers Savans 9: 240 (1859).
Acalypha pauciflora f. glareosa (Rupr.) Regel, Mém. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint Pétersbourg, Sér. 7, 4(4): 129 (1861).
Acalypha pauciflora f. umbrosa (Rupr.) Regel, Mém. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint Pétersbourg, Sér. 7, 4(4): 128 (1861).
Acalypha gemina var. genuina Müll.Arg., Linnaea 34: 41 (1865), nom. inval.
Acalypha australis var. lanceolata Hayata, J. Coll. Sci. Imp. Univ. Tokyo 20(3): 51 (1904).
Acalypha gemina var. lanceolata Hayata, J. Coll. Sci. Imp. Univ. Tokyo 20: 51 (1904).
Acalypha australis var. glareosa (Rupr.) Nakai, Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 43: 442 (1929).
Acalypha australis var. velutina Honda, Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 45: 2 (1931).
Acalypha australis f. velutina (Honda) Ohwi, Bull. Natl. Sci. Mus. Tokyo 33: 78 (1953).
Acalypha australis f. glareosa (Rupr.) H.Hara, Enum. Spermatophytarum Japon. 3: 39 (1954).
Acalypha australis f. lanceolata (Hayata) Hurus., J. Fac. Sci. Univ. Tokyo, Sect. 3, Bot. 6: 298 (1954).
Acalypha minima H.Keng, Taiwania 6: 32 (1955).
Acalypha indica var. minima (H.Keng) S.F.Huang & T.C.Huang, Taiwania 36: 83 (1991).

Distribution
Native distribution areas:

Continental: Asia-Temperate
China North-Central, China South-Central, China Southeast, East Himalaya, Japan, Korea, Laos, Manchuria, Nansei-shoto, New Jersey, New South Wales, New York, Philippines, Primorye, Queensland, Tadzhikistan, Taiwan, Turkey, Vietnam, West Himalaya, West Siberia, Xinjiang

References: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2nd Edition
References
Primary references

Linnaeus, C. 1753. Species Plantarum. Tomus II: 1004. Reference page.

Links

International Plant Names Index. 2017. Acalypha australis. Published online. Accessed: Oct. 18 2017.
The Plant List 2013. Acalypha australis in The Plant List Version 1.1. Published online. Accessed: 2017 Oct. 18.

Tropicos.org 2017. Acalypha australis. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published online. Accessed: 18 Oct. 2017.
Govaerts, R. et al. 2017. Acalypha australis in World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published online. Accessed: 2017 Oct. 17. Reference page.
USDA, ARS, Germplasm Resources Information Network. Acalypha australis in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), U.S. Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service. Accessed: 07-Oct-06.

Vernacular names
English: Australian acalypha, Asian copperleaf

Acalypha australis, commonly known as Asian copperleaf,[1] is a species of flowering plant in the family Euphorbiaceae native to eastern Asia.

Description

Acalypha australis is a herbaceous annual plant, growing 20–50 centimetres (8–20 in) tall. Its leaves are oblong to lanceolate, 3–9 cm (1.2–3.5 in) long, 1–5 cm (0.4–2.0 in) wide and borne on petioles 2–6 cm (0.8–2.4 in) long.[2] The flowers are borne in axillary (sometimes terminal) panicles, forming inflorescences 15–50 mm (0.6–2.0 in) long.[2] There are 1–3 female flowers and 5–7 male flowers per bract; the female flowers have three sepals, whereas the male flowers have four.[2]
Distribution and ecology

The native distribution of A. australis covers all of China except Nei Mongol and Xinjiang provinces, and parts of Japan, Korea, Laos, the Philippines, eastern Russia and Vietnam.[2] The species has also been introduced to New York,[3] northern Australia (Queensland to Victoria) and eastern India.[2][4][5]

In its native range, A. acalypha grows in grasslands and cultivated areas at altitudes of 100–1,200 m (330–3,940 ft), or exceptionally up to 1,900 m (6,200 ft), above sea level.[2]
References

English Names for Korean Native Plants (PDF). Pocheon: Korea National Arboretum. 2015. p. 333. ISBN 978-89-97450-98-5. Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 May 2017. Retrieved 25 January 2016 – via Korea Forest Service.
Huaxing Qiu & Michael G. Gilbert (2008). "Acalypha australis Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 2: 1004. 1753". In Wu Zhengyi, Peter H. Raven & Hong Deyuan (ed.). Oxalidaceae through Aceraceae. Flora of China. Vol. 11. Science Press and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. pp. 251–255. ISBN 9781930723733.
Thomas J. Delendick (1990). "Acalypha australis L. (Euphorbiaceae) new to New York State". Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club. 117 (3): 291–293. doi:10.2307/2996697. JSTOR 2996697.
"Acalypha australis L." Atlas of Living Australia. Retrieved October 20, 2013.
N. P. Singh (1967). "Acalypha australis Linn, –an addition to Indian flora". The Indian Forester. 93 (3): 186–192.