Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Cladus: Protostomia
Cladus: Spiralia
Cladus: Lophotrochozoa
Phylum: Mollusca
Classis: Gastropoda
Subclassis: Heterobranchia
Infraclassis: Euthyneura
Cohors: Tectipleura
Subcohors: Panpulmonata
Superordo: Eupulmonata
Ordo: Stylommatophora
Subordo: Helicina
Infraordo: Rhytidoidei
Superfamilia: Rhytidoidea
Familia: Rhytididae
Subfamiliae (2): Chlamydephorinae – Rhytidinae
Overview of genera (49)
Afrorhytida – Altidelos – Amborhytida – Annabellia – Austrorhytida – Briansmithia – Capitina – Chlamydephorus – Costadelos – Delos – Delouagapia – Diplomphalus – Echotrida – Emmalena – Griffithsina – Hebridelos – Laevidelos – Limesta – Macrocycloides – Macrodelos – Microdelos – Minidelos – Montidelos – Murphitella – Nata – Natalina – Natella – Occirhenea – Ouagapia – Paryphanta – Powelliphanta – Prolesophanta – Protorugosa – Pseudechotrida – Pseudomphalus – Ptychorhytida – Rhytida – Rhytidarex – Saladelos – Scagacola – Schizoglossa – Strangesta – Tasmaphena – Terrycarlessia – Torresiropa – Umbilidelos – Victaphanta – Vitellidelos – Wainuia
Name
Rhytididae Pilsbry, 1893
Synonyms
Paryphantidae Godwin-Austen, 1893
References
Climo, F.M. 1977: A new higher classification of New Zealand Rhytididae (Mollusca: Pulmonata). Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand, 7(1): 59–65. DOI: 10.1080/03036758.1977.10419336 Open access. Reference page.
Pilsbry, H. A. 1893. Helicidae, VI. Manual of Conchology, Second Series 8: 135.
Powell, A.W.B. 1930: The Paryphantidae of New Zealand: their hypothetical ancestry, with descriptions of new species and a new genus. Records of the Auckland Institute and Museum, 1(1): 17–56, plates 1-7. [Publication date: 30 June 1930]
Powell, A.W.B. 1932: The Paryphantidae of New Zealand. Descriptions of further new species. Records of the Auckland Institute and Museum, 1(3): 155–162, plate 28. [Publication date: 23 September 1932]
Powell, A.W.B. 1936: The Paryphantidae of New Zealand. III. Further new species of Paryphanta and Wainuia. Records of the Auckland Institute and Museum, 2(1): 29–41, plates 7-9. [Publication date: 4 November 1936]
Powell, A.W.B. 1938: The Paryphantidae of New Zealand no. IV. and the genus Placostylus in New Zealand. Records of the Auckland Institute and Museum, 2(3): 133–150, plates 33-35. [Publication date: 17 November 1938]
Powell, A.W.B. 1946: The Paryphantidae of New Zealand. No. V. Further new species of Paryphanta, Wainuia and Rhytida. Records of the Auckland Institute and Museum, 3(2): 99–136, plates 8-10. [Publication date: 28 February 1946]
Powell, A.W.B. 1949: The Paryphantidae of New Zealand. No. VI. Distribution, hybrids and new species of Paryphanta, Rhytida and Schizoglossa. Records of the Auckland Institute and Museum, 3(6): 347–367, plates 64-67. [Publication date: 21 December 1949]
Schileyko, A. A. 2000. Treatise on Recent terrestrial pulmonate molluscs. Part 6. Ruthenica (Suppl. 2): 731.
Spencer, H.G.; Brook, F.J.; Kennedy, M. 2006: Phylogeography of kauri snails and their allies from Northland, New Zealand (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Rhytididae: Paryphantinae). Molecular phylogenetics and evolution, 38(3): 835–842. DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2005.10.015
Links
Rhytididae in the World Register of Marine Species
Rhytididae is a taxonomic family of medium-sized predatory air-breathing land snails, carnivorous terrestrial pulmonate gastropod molluscs in the superfamily Rhytidoidea. [1]
This family has two subfamilies:
Chlamydephorinae Cockerell, 1935 (1903)
Rhytidinae Pilsbry, 1893
A shell of Powelliphanta hochstetteri hochstetteri.
Contents
Anatomy
In this family, the number of haploid chromosomes lies between 26 and 35 (according to the values in this table).[2]
Distribution
This family of land snails has a range which extends from South Africa to New Guinea, some of the higher South Pacific islands, New Zealand[3] and Australia.
The New Zealand genera include Delos, Delouagapia, Paryphanta, Powelliphanta, Rhytida, Wainuia and Schizoglossa. These, however, probably do not form a monophyletic group, as indicated by their differences in their size, shape and radular morphology.[4]
Genera
Genera within the family Rhytididae include:
Amborhytida
Austrorhytida
Delos
Delouagapia
Diplomphalus
Echotrida
Hebridelos
Macrocycloides
Namoitena
Nata
Natalina
Occirhenea
Ougapia
Paryphanta
Powelliphanta
Prolesophanta
Pseudomphalus
Ptychorhytida
Rhytida
Rhytidarex
Saladelos
Schizoglossa
Strangesta
Tasmaphena
Torresiropa
Victaphanta
Vitellidelos
Wainuia
Life cycle
Eggs of New Zealand's species are generally deposited in leaf mould. Eggs are usually laid from late October to early December, with exception in some species as Powelliphanta spedeni in March.[5]
References
MolluscaBase eds. (2020). MolluscaBase. Rhytididae Pilsbry, 1893. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=816183 on 2020-10-22
Barker G. M. (2001). Gastropods on Land: Phylogeny, Diversity and Adaptive Morphology. in Barker G. M. (ed.): The biology of terrestrial molluscs. CABI Publishing, Oxon, UK, 2001, ISBN 0-85199-318-4. 1-146, cited pages: 139 and 142.
Powell A. W. B. (1979). New Zealand Mollusca. William Collins Publishers Ltd, Auckland, ISBN 0-00-216906-1
Murray Efford, Robyn Howitt and Dianne Gleeson (September 2002). "Phylogenetic relationships of Wainuia (Mollusca : Pulmonata)—biogeography and conservation implications" (PDF). Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand. 32 (3): 445–456. doi:10.1080/03014223.2002.9517703. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2008-09-06.
O'Connor A. C. (June 1945). "Notes on the Eggs of New Zealand Paryphantidae, With Description of a New Subgenus". Transactions of the Royal Society of New Zealand 75(1945-46): 54-57.
Further reading
Trewick, SA; et al. (2008). "Taxonomic and conservation status of a newly discovered giant landsnail from Mount Augustus, New Zealand". Conservation Genetics. 9 (6): 1563–1575. doi:10.1007/s10592-007-9495-8.
Walker, KJ; et al. (2008). "A new species of Powelliphanta (Mollusca: Pulmonata: Rhytididae) land snail from the Stockton Plateau, New Zealand". Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand. 38 (3): 163–186. doi:10.1080/03014220809510553.
Powell A. W. B. (1930) "The Paryphantidae of New Zealand: their hypothetical ancestry, with descriptions of new species and a new genus". Records of the Auckland Institute and Museum 1: 17–56.
Powell A. W. B. (1938) "The Paryphantidae of New Zealand No. IV". Records of the Auckland Institute and Museum ii(3): 133–150.
Powell A. W. B. (1946) "The Paryphantidae of New Zealand. V. Further new species of Paryphanta, Wainuia, and Rhytida". Records of the Auckland Institute and Museum 3: 99–134.
Smith B. J. 1998. Family Rhytididae. In: Beesley P. L., Ross G. J. B. & Wells A. ed. Mollusca: the southern synthesis. Fauna of Australia. Vol. 5. Melbourne, CSIRO Publishing. Pp. 1091–1093.
Spencer H. G., Brook F. J. & Kenned M. (March 2006) "Phylogeography of Kauri Snails and their allies from Northland, New Zealand (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Rhytididae: Paryphantinae)". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 38(3): 835-842. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2005.10.015
Te Punga M. T. (1953) "The Paryphantidae and a Cook Strait land bridge". New Zealand Journal of Science and Technology 35: 51–63.
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