Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Cladus: Protostomia
Cladus: Spiralia
Cladus: Lophotrochozoa
Phylum: Mollusca
Classis: Gastropoda
Subclassis: Heterobranchia
Infraclassis: Euthyneura
Cohors: Tectipleura
Subcohors: Panpulmonata
SuperOrdo: Eupulmonata
Ordo: Stylommatophora
SubOrdo: Helicina
InfraOrdo: Limacoidei
Superfamilia: Limacoidea
Familia: Agriolimacidae
Subfamilia: Agriolimacinae
Genus: Deroceras
Subgenera: D. (Deroceras) – D. (Liolytopelte)
Species Incertae sedis (1): D. monticola
Name
Deroceras Rafinesque, 1820
Type Species: Limax gracilis Rafinesque, 1820, = Deroceras laeve (Müller, 1774)
Synonyms
Agriolimax Mörch, 1865
Nipponolimax Yamaguchi & Habe, 1955
References
Rafinesque, C.S. 1820. Annales of Nature or Annual Synopsis of new genera and species of Animals, Plants, &c. discovered in North America. First annual Number for 1820. Lexington. 16 p.
Roth, B.; Jadin, R.; Guralnick, R. 2013: The taxonomic status of Deroceras hesperium Pilsbry, 1944 (Gastropoda: Pulmonata: Agriolimacidae), a species of conservation concern in Oregon, USA. Zootaxa 3691(4): 453–460. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3691.4.4 Reference page.
Wiktor, A. 2000. Agriolimacidae (Gastropoda: Pulmonata) — a systematic monograph. Annales Zoologici (Warszawa) 49(3): 347–590.
References
Links
Deroceras in the World Register of Marine Species
Deroceras is a taxonomic genus of small to medium sized air-breathing land slugs in the family Agriolimacidae.
Deroceras panormitanum
Description
Most species reach only 30–35 mm in length (max 45 mm).[2] Coloration varies considerably within and between species but common patterns are pale cream, with or without darker flecks (never stripes), and a more uniform light gray or brown to black-brown. Mucus is usually colourless but in some species includes a white deposit when the slug has been disturbed. No keel continues from the tail along the back. The mantle is large (up to half the body length), containing a shell plate internally. The pneumostome lies in the posterior half of the mantle. Generally external appearance does not reliably distinguish one species from certain others, so species identification requires dissection to reveal the genitalia, unless the local species diversity is known to be low.
The taxonomy, anatomy and other aspects of the biology of this genus were reviewed in 2000,[2] and the diverse mating behaviors were reviewed in 2007.[3]
Species
In 2000, in the most recent monograph on the genus, Wiktor[2] rejected earlier attempts (including his own) at a subgeneric (Agriolimax Mörch, 1865, Plathystimulus Wiktor, 1973) classification, because there appeared to be so many convergences and reversals. The only exception was that he split off Liolytopelte as a subgenus because of its distinctive hard plate within the penis; all other species were included in the subgenus Deroceras.
There are at least 123 species in the genus Deroceras.[2]
Subgenus Deroceras Rafinesque, 1820
Deroceras abessinicum
Deroceras adolphi
Deroceras afer
Deroceras agreste (Linnaeus, 1758)
Deroceras altaicum
Deroceras altimirai
Deroceras astypalaeensis
Deroceras bakurianum
Deroceras barceum
Deroceras berytensis
Deroceras bisacchianum
Deroceras bistimulatum[2]
Deroceras boeoticum
Deroceras boettgeri
Deroceras bulgaricum
Deroceras cazioti
Deroceras cecconii
Deroceras chevallieri
Deroceras christae
Deroceras chrysorroyatissensis
Deroceras concrementosum
Deroceras cycladicum
Deroceras dallaii
Deroceras deckeni
Deroceras demirtensis
Deroceras dubium
Deroceras ercinae
Deroceras famagustensis
Deroceras fatrense
Deroceras gardullanum
Deroceras gavdosensis
Deroceras giustianum
Deroceras glandulosum
Deroceras golcheri
Deroceras gorgonium
Deroceras halieos
Deroceras helicoidale
Deroceras hesperium
Deroceras heterura
Deroceras ikaria
Deroceras ilium
Deroceras invadens
Deroceras johannae
Deroceras juranum
Deroceras karnaniensis
Deroceras kasium
Deroceras keaensis
Deroceras kontanum
Deroceras korthionensis
Deroceras koschanum
Deroceras kythirensis
Deroceras laeve (O. F. Müller, 1774)
Deroceras lasithionensis
Deroceras levisarcobelum
Deroceras libanoticum
Deroceras limacoides
Deroceras lombricoides
Deroceras lothari
Deroceras maasseni
Deroceras malkini
Deroceras melinum
Deroceras minoicum
Deroceras neuteboomi
Deroceras nigroclypeatum
Deroceras nitidum
Deroceras nyphoni
Deroceras oertzeni
Deroceras orduensis
Deroceras osseticum
Deroceras padisii
Deroceras pageti
Deroceras panormitanum (Lessona & Pollonera, 1882)
Deroceras parium
Deroceras parnasium
Deroceras planarioides
Deroceras ponsonbyi
Deroceras praecox
Deroceras pseudopanormitanum
Deroceras rethimnonensis
Deroceras reticulatum (O. F. Müller, 1774)
Deroceras rhodensis
Deroceras riedelianum
Deroceras roblesi
Deroceras rodnae
Deroceras samium
Deroceras seriphium
Deroceras sturanyi
Deroceras subagreste
Deroceras tarracense
Deroceras tauricum
Deroceras thersites
Deroceras turcicum
Deroceras uataderensis
Deroceras vascoana
Deroceras zilchi
Subgenus Liolytopelte Simroth, 1901
Deroceras bureschi
Deroceras caucasicum
Deroceras kandaharensis
Deroceras moldavicum
Deroceras occidentalis
Deroceras trabzonensis
Relevance to humans
Juvenile Deroceras reticulatum, with eggs of another gastropod, under a stone in a garden in Weimar
Several species in this genus are recognised as pests of agriculture and horticulture, including Deroceras reticulatum, Deroceras invadens, Deroceras agreste, and Deroceras laeve.[4]
References
Rafinesque, C.S. (1820). Annals of Nature or Annual Synopsis of New Genera and Species of Animals, Plants, &c. Discovered in North America. First annual number, for 1820: 1–16 https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k98029g. Retrieved 18 January 2021. Missing or empty |title= (help)
Wiktor, A. (2000). Agriolimacidae (Gastropoda: Pulmonata): a systematic monograph. Annales Zoologici 49: 347-590. abstract
Reise, H. (2007). "A review of mating behavior in slugs of the genus Deroceras (Pulmonata: Agriolimacidae)". American Malacological Bulletin. 23: 137–156. doi:10.4003/0740-2783-23.1.137. S2CID 29257202. Archived from the original on 2011-07-20. Retrieved 2010-11-05.
South, A. (1992). "Terrestrial Slugs: Biology, Ecology and Control". London: Chapman & Hall.
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