Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Cladus: Protostomia
Cladus: Spiralia
Cladus: Lophotrochozoa
Phylum: Mollusca
Classis: Gastropoda
Subclassis: Heterobranchia
Infraclassis: Euthyneura
Cohors: Tectipleura
Subcohors: Panpulmonata
SuperOrdo: Eupulmonata
Ordo: Stylommatophora
SubOrdo: Achatinina
Superfamilia: Achatinoidea
Familia: Achatinidae
Subfamilia: Achatininae
Tribus: Achatinini
Genus: Achatina
Subgenera: A. (Achatina) – A. (Lissachatina) – A. (Euaethiopina) – A. (Leptocalina) – A. (Leptocallista) – A. (Leptocala) – A. (Pintoa) – A. (Tripachatina)
Name
Achatina Lamarck, 1799
References
Lamarck J.B. 1799. Prodrome d’une nouvelle classification des coquilles, comprenant une rédaction appropriée des caractères génériques, et l’établissement d’un grand nombre de genres nouveaux. Mémoires de la Société d’Histoire Naturelle de Paris 1: 63–91. BHL Reference page.
Breure, A.S.H. & Ablett, J.D. 2018. An ironic twist of fate: replacement name for Stenogyra gracilenta Morelet, 1885, not Achatina gracilenta Morelet, 1867 (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Achatinidae). Zootaxa 4418(3): 299–300. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4418.3.8 Paywall Reference page.
Achatina is a genus of medium-sized to very large, air-breathing, tropical land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Achatinidae.[2]
Distribution
There are some 200 species of Achatinidae in Sub-Saharan Africa. Some species are kept as terrarium animals due to their size and colourful shells.
Shell description
Snails in this genus have medium to large shells which are ovate in shape and often colourfully streaked.
Species
Species within the genus Achatina include:
Achatina achatina Linnaeus, 1758 or giant African snail, Agate Snail or Ghana Tiger Snail, from Western Africa (Liberia through Nigeria) grows to be the largest land snail on Earth.
Achatina ampullacea Böttger, 1910
Achatina balteata Reeve, 1849 - Cameroon to Central Angola.
Achatina bandeirana Morelet, 1866
Achatina bayaona Morelet, 1866
Achatina bayoli Morelet, 1888
Achatina bisculpta E. A. Smith, 1878
Achatina connollyi Preston, 1912
Achatina coroca Bruggen, 1978
Achatina craveni E. A. Smith, 1881 - Congo, Tanzania.
Achatina dammarensis Pfeiffer - Botswana
Achatina ellioti E. A. Smith, 1895
Achatina greyi Da Costa, 1907
Achatina hortensiae Morelet, 1866
Achatina iostoma Pfeiffer, 1854 - Cameroon
Achatina iredalei Preston, 1910
Achatina lechaptoisi Ancey, 1894
Achatina obscura Da Costa, 1907
Achatina osborni Pilsbry, 1919
Achatina marginata Swainson, 1821[3]
Achatina passargei von Martens
Achatina pfeifferi Dunker, 1845
Achatina purpurea (Gmelin, 1790)
Achatina randabeli Bourguignat, 1889
Achatina schinziana Bousson - Botswana
Achatina schweinfurthi von Martens, 1873 - East Africa.
Achatina semisculpta Dunker, 1845 - East Africa
Achatina smithii Craven, 1881
Achatina stuhlmanni von Martens, 1892 - Uganda.
Achatina sylvatica Putzeys, 1898 - Congo
Achatina tavaresiana Morelet, 1866 - Angola
Achatina tincta Reeve, 1842 - Congo, Angola
Achatina tracheia Connolly, 1929 - Southeast Africa
Achatina transparens Da Costa, 1907
Achatina variegata Roissy
Achatina vignoniana Morelet, 1874: synonym of Achatina (Tripachatina) vignoniana Morelet, 1874
Achatina virgulata Da Costa, 1907
Achatina welwitschi Morelet, 1866
Achatina weynsi Dautzenberg, 1891 - Congo
Achatina wildemani Dautzenberg, 1907
incertae sedis:
Achatina vassei Germain, 1918 - The internal anatomy of this species is not known, and therefore the generic classification of ‘Achatina’ vassei cannot be made.[4]
Species brought into synonymy
Achatina albopicta E. A. Smith, 1878 - along the coast of Kenya and Tanzania: synonym of Lissachatina albopicta (E. A. Smith, 1878)
Achatina allisa Reeve, 1849: synonym of Lissachatina allisa (L. Reeve, 1849)
Achatina bloyeti Bourguignat, 1890: synonym of Lissachatina bloyeti (Bourguignat, 1890)
Achatina capelloi Furtado, 1886: synonym of Lissachatina capelloi (Furtado, 1886)
Achatina fulgurata Pfeiffer, 1853 - Senegal: synonym of Achatina eleanorae Mead, 1995
Achatina drakensbergensis Melvill & Ponsonby, 1897 : synonym of Cochlitoma drakensbergensis (Melvill & Ponsonby, 1897)
Achatina eleanorae Mead, 1995: synonym of Lissachatina eleanorae (Mead, 1995)
Achatina fulica Bowdich, 1822 or giant East African snail from Eastern Africa is a serious pest in the many tropical countries where it has been introduced, and is listed as an invasive species by some governments: synonym of Lissachatina fulica (Bowdich, 1822)
Achatina glaucina E. A. Smith, 1899: synonym of Lissachatina glaucina (E. A. Smith, 1899)
Achatina glutinosa Pfeiffer, 1854 - Mozambique: synonym of Lissachatina glutinosa (L. Pfeiffer, 1854)
Achatina gundlachi L. Pfeiffer, 1850: synonym of Geostilbia gundlachi (L. Pfeiffer, 1850)
Achatina immaculata Lamarck, 1822 - Southeastern Africa: synonym of Lissachatina immaculata (Lamarck, 1822)
Achatina johnstoni E. A. Smith, 1899: synonym of Lissachatina johnstoni (E. A. Smith, 1899)
Achatina monochromatica Pilsbry (Deprecated. Old historical synonym of Achatina achatina var. monochromatic)
Achatina mulanjensis Crowley & Pain - Malawi: synonym of Achatina immaculata Lamarck, 1822 (junior synonym)
Achatina nyikaensis Pilsbry, 1909 - Malawi: synonym of Bequaertina pintoi (Bourguignat, 1889) (junior synonym)
Achatina panthera Férussac, 1832 - Zimbabwe, Mauritius: synonym of Achatina immaculata Lamarck, 1822
Achatina pellucida L. Pfeiffer, 1840: synonym of Blauneria heteroclita (Montagu, 1808)
Achatina reticulata Pfeiffer, 1845 - Zanzibar: synonym of Lissachatina reticulata (L. Pfeiffer, 1845)
Achatina varicosa Pfeiffer, 1845 - South Africa: synonym of Cochlitoma varicosa (L. Pfeiffer, 1861)
Achatina zanzibarica Bourguignat, 1879 - Tanzania: synonym of Lissachatina zanzibarica (Bourguignat, 1879)
Achatina zebra Bruguiere, 1792 - South Africa: synonym of Cochlitoma zebra (Bruguière, 1792)
References
Lamarck J.-B. (1799). Mém. Soc. Hist. nat. Paris 1: 75.
Bouchet, P. (2014). Achatina Lamarck, 1799. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=818098 on 2014-11-07
Du Cane Godman, Frederick. Annali Del Museo Civico Di Storia Naturale "Giacomo Doria", Museo civico di storia naturale, Genoa, 1916, p. 245
Bruggen A. C. van (2010). "A new record of ‘Achatina’ vassei Germain, 1918 (Gastropoda, Pulmonata, Achatinidae) from Mozambique – an unsolved problem". Zoologische Mededelingen 84. HTM Archived 2011-10-07 at the Wayback Machine.
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