Spicara

Life-forms

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Superphylum: Deuterostomia
Phylum: Chordata
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Infraphylum: Gnathostomata
Megaclassis: Osteichthyes
Superclassis/Classis: Actinopterygii
Classis/Subclassis: Actinopteri
Subclassis/Infraclassis: Neopterygii
Infraclassis: Teleostei
Megacohors: Osteoglossocephalai
Supercohors: Clupeocephala
Cohors: Euteleosteomorpha
Subcohors: Neoteleostei
Infracohors: Eurypterygia
Sectio: Ctenosquamata
Subsectio: Acanthomorphata
Divisio/Superordo: Acanthopterygii
Subdivisio: Percomorphaceae
Series: Eupercaria
Ordo: Perciformes
Subordo: Percoidei
Superfamilia: Percoidea

Familia: Centracanthidae
Genus: Spicara
Species: S. alta – S. australis – S. axillaris – S. maena – S. martinicus – S. melanurus – S. nigricauda – †S. pamphyliensis – S. smaris

Name

Spicara Rafinesque, 1810

Type species Spicara flexuosa Rafinesque, 1810, by monotypy.

Synonymy

Maena Cuvier, 1829

References

Rafinesque, C. S. (1810) Caratteri di alcuni nuovi generi e nuove specie di animali e piante della Sicilia, con varie osservazioni sopra i medisimi. Pls. 1-20.
Spicara – Taxon details on Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS).
Spicara species list in FishBase,
Froese, R. & Pauly, D. (eds.) 2022. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication, www.fishbase.org, version 08/2021.

Spicara is a genus of picarels native to the eastern Atlantic Ocean and the western Indian Ocean.[1]
Species

There are currently eight recognized species in this genus:[1]

Spicara alta (Osório, 1917) (Bigeye picarel)
Spicara australis (Regan, 1921)
Spicara axillaris (Boulenger, 1900)
Spicara flexuosa (Rafinesque, 1810)[2][3]
Spicara maena (Linnaeus, 1758) (Blotched picarel)
Spicara martinicus (Valenciennes, 1830)
Spicara melanurus (Valenciennes, 1830) (Blackspot picarel)
Spicara nigricauda (Norman, 1931) (Blacktail picarel)
Spicara smaris (Linnaeus, 1758) (Picarel)

References

Froese, Rainer and Pauly, Daniel, eds. (2015). Species of Spicara in FishBase. August 2015 version.
Bektas Y., Aksu I., Kalayci G., Irmak E., Engin S., Turan D. Genetic differentiation of three Spicara (Pisces: Centracanthidae) species, S. maena, S. flexuosa and S. smaris: and intraspecific substructure of S. flexuosa in Turkish coastal waters (англ.) // Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences. — 2018. — Vol. 18, no. 2. — P. 301—311. — DOI:10.4194/1303-2712-v18_2_09
Imsiridou A., Minos G., Gakopoulou A., Katsares V., Karidas T., Katselis G. Discrimination of two picarel species Spicara flexuosa and Spicara maena (Pisces: Centracanthidae) based on mitochondrial DNA sequences (англ.) // J. Fish Biol.. — 2011. — Vol. 78, no. 1. — P. 373—377. — DOI:10.1111/j.1095-8649.2010.02858.x