Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Superphylum: Deuterostomia
Phylum: Chordata
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Infraphylum: Gnathostomata
Megaclassis: Osteichthyes
Cladus: Sarcopterygii
Cladus: Rhipidistia
Cladus: Tetrapodomorpha
Cladus: Eotetrapodiformes
Cladus: Elpistostegalia
Superclassis: Tetrapoda
Cladus: Reptiliomorpha
Cladus: Amniota
Cladus: Synapsida
Cladus: Eupelycosauria
Cladus: Sphenacodontia
Cladus: Sphenacodontoidea
Cladus: Therapsida
Cladus: Theriodontia
Cladus: Cynodontia
Cladus: Eucynodontia
Cladus: Probainognathia
Cladus: Prozostrodontia
Cladus Mammaliaformes
Classis: Mammalia
Subclassis: Trechnotheria
Infraclassis: Zatheria
Supercohors: Theria
Cohors: Eutheria
Infraclassis: Placentalia
Cladus: Boreoeutheria
Superordo: Euarchontoglires
Ordo: Primates
Subordo: Haplorhini
Infraordo: Simiiformes
Parvordo: Platyrrhini
Familia: Pitheciidae
Subfamilia: Pitheciinae
Genus: Chiropotes
Species: C. satanas - C. chiropotes - C. israelita - C. utahickae - C. albinasus - C. sagulatus
Name
Chiropotes Lesson, 1840
Type species: Pithecia (Chiropotes) couxio Lesson, 1840 (= Cebus satanas Hoffmannsegg, 1807)
Synonyms
Cheiropotes Reichenbach, 1862
Saki Schlegel, 1876
References
Barnett, A.A., Pinto, L.P., Bicca-Marques, J.C., Ferrari, S.F., Gordo, M., Guedes, P.G., Lopes, M.A., Opazo, J.C., Port-Carvalho, M., Santos, R.R., Soares, R.F., Spironello, W.R., Veiga, L.M., Vieira, T.M. & Boyle, S.A. 2012. A proposal for the common names for species of Chiropotes (Pitheciinae: Primates). Zootaxa 3507: 79–83. Preview Reference page.
Vernacular names
Deutsch: Bartsakis
English: Bearded Sakis
português: Cuxiú-Preto
The bearded sakis, or cuxiús,[2] are five or six species of New World monkeys, classified in the genus Chiropotes. They live in the eastern and central Amazon in South America, ranging through southern Venezuela, Guyana, Suriname, French Guiana and northern and central Brazil. The species are entirely allopatric, their distributions being separated by major rivers.
Bearded sakis differ from the closely related saki monkeys of the genus Pithecia by a pronounced beard, a tuft of hair that extends from its jaw, down its throat to the top of its chest, and is strongly pronounced particularly in the males. The tail is long and hairy, and is used for balance and not grasping. Bearded sakis reach from 32 to 51 cm in size and a weigh from 2 to 4 kg.
Like many New World monkeys, bearded sakis are diurnal and arboreal. They inhabit tropical rainforests, usually in the crowns of tree. They move on all four by the branches, spending most of the day searching for food. At the night they sleep clasped to thicker branches, never spending successive nights in the same tree. Bearded sakis live together in groups of approximately 18 to 30 animals. Within the group they communicate with bird-like twitter and high whistles. Sometimes they mingle with other primates such as capuchin and squirrel monkeys.
Fruits form the main part of the diet of the bearded sakis, but they also eat nuts, buds, leaves, insects and small vertebrates.
Once a year (usually in early autumn or late summer) the female bears a single offspring after a 5-month gestation. After about three months it begins to explore its environment independently and on it is briefly cured. Bearded sakis reach full maturity at 4 years of age. Their life expectancy is approximately 15 years.
Bearded sakis are highly sensitive to hunting and habitat destruction. Consequently, two of the five species recognized by IUCN (they do not recognize C. israelita, but do recognize C. sagulatus) are considered at least vulnerable, with C. satanas being endangered.[3]
Classification
White-nosed saki (Chiropotes albinasus).
Until recently, only two species were recognized in this genus, but C. israelita was re-validated in 2003 (having long been considered a synonym of Chiropotes), where it – based on differences in colour of pelage, karyotype, and molecular analysis – also was recommended treating C. chiropotes and C. utahickae as species separate from C. satanas.[4] The IUCN note the taxonomic confusion, but lists C. sagulatus as a valid species, with C. israelita as a synonym.[5]
Genus Chiropotes
Black bearded saki, Chiropotes satanas
Red-backed bearded saki, Chiropotes chiropotes
Brown-backed bearded saki, Chiropotes israelita
Uta Hick's bearded saki, Chiropotes utahicki
White-nosed saki, Chiropotes albinasus
Reddish-brown bearded saki, Chiropotes sagulatus
References
Groves, C. P. (2005). Wilson, D. E.; Reeder, D. M. (eds.). Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. pp. 146–147. ISBN 0-801-88221-4. OCLC 62265494.
Barnett, A. A.; Pinto, L. P.; Bicca-Marques, J. C.; Ferrari, S. F.; Gordo, M.; Guedes, P. G.; Lopes, M. A.; Opazo, J. C.; Port-Carvalho, M.; Dos Santos, R. R.; Soares, R. F.; Spironello, W. R.; Veiga, L. M.; Vieira, T. M. & Boyle, S. A. (2012). "A Proposal for the common names of Chiropotes (Pitheciinae: Primates)". Zootaxa. 3507: 79–83. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3507.1.4.
"IUCN Red List of Threatened Species". IUCN. 2022-1. 2022. ISSN 2307-8235. Retrieved 4 September 2022.
Bonvicino, C. R.; Boubli, J. P.; Otazú, I. B.; Almeida, F. C.; Nascimento, F. F.; Coura, J. R. & Seuánez, H. N. (2003). "Morphologic, karyotypic, and molecular evidence of a new form of Chiropotes (primates, pitheciinae)". American Journal of Primatology. 61 (3): 123–33. doi:10.1002/ajp.10115. PMID 14610730. S2CID 36432584.
Mittermeier, R.A.; Boubli, J.P.; de Azevedo, R.B.; Veiga, L.M.; de Melo, F.R. (2021) [amended version of 2020 assessment]. "Chiropotes sagulatus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T70330167A191707709. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T70330167A191707709.en. Retrieved 4 September 2022.
Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/"
All text is available under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License
