Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Superphylum: Deuterostomia
Phylum: Chordata
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Infraphylum: Gnathostomata
Megaclassis: Osteichthyes
Cladus: Sarcopterygii
Cladus: Rhipidistia
Cladus: Tetrapodomorpha
Cladus: Eotetrapodiformes
Cladus: Elpistostegalia
Superclassis: Tetrapoda
Cladus: Reptiliomorpha
Cladus: Amniota
Classis: Reptilia
Cladus: Eureptilia
Cladus: Romeriida
Subclassis: Diapsida
Cladus: Sauria
Infraclassis: Archosauromorpha
Cladus: Crurotarsi
Divisio: Archosauria
Cladus: Avemetatarsalia
Cladus: Ornithodira
Subtaxon: Dinosauromorpha
Cladus: Dinosauriformes
Cladus: Dracohors
Cladus: Dinosauria
Ordo: Saurischia
Cladus: Eusaurischia
Cladus: Theropoda
Cladus: Neotheropoda
Cladus: Averostra
Cladus: Tetanurae
Cladus: Avetheropoda
Cladus: Coelurosauria
Cladus: Tyrannoraptora
Cladus: Maniraptoromorpha
Cladus: Maniraptoriformes
Cladus: Maniraptora
Cladus: Pennaraptora
Cladus: Paraves
Cladus: Eumaniraptora
Cladus: Avialae
Infraclassis: Aves
Cladus: Euavialae
Cladus: Avebrevicauda
Cladus: Pygostylia
Cladus: Ornithothoraces
Cladus: Ornithuromorpha
Cladus: Carinatae
Parvclassis: Neornithes
Cohors: Neognathae
Cladus: Neoaves
Ordo: Coraciiformes
Familia: Alcedinidae
Subfamilia: Halcyoninae
Genus: Todiramphus
Species: T. albicilla – T. albonotatus - T. australasia - T. chloris - T. cinnamominus – T. colonus – T. diops - T. enigma - T. farquhari - T. funebris - T. gambieri – T. gertrudae – T. godeffroyi - T. lazuli - T. leucopygius - T. macleayii – T. nigrocyaneus - T. pyrrhopygius - T. recurvirostris –T. reichenbachii – T. ruficollaris – T. sacer – T. sanctus - T. saurophagus – T. sordidus – T. tristrami – T. tutus - T. veneratus - T. winchelli
Name
Todiramphus Lesson, 1827
Synonyms
Todirhamphus (orth. err.)
References
Ferussac's Bulletin des sciences naturelles et de géologie. 12 p.269
IOC version 10.1
Todiramphus is a genus of kingfishers in the subfamily Halcyoninae.
The genus was introduced by the French surgeon and naturalist René Lesson in 1827.[1] The name is often spelt Todirhamphus (with rh), but Todiramphus is the original valid spelling. The name literally means "tody-bill";[2] tody is a relative of the kingfishers with a similar slender long bill, and the Greek rhamphos (ῥάµϕος) means "beak" or "bill".[3]
There are around 30 extant species in the genus, but the classification of several Pacific island forms is still unclear.[4] The range of the genus extends from the Red Sea in the west to French Polynesia in the east, with the greatest diversity in Australasia.
Members of Todiramphus are medium-sized kingfishers with flattened beaks. They are typically blue or blue-green above with pale underparts. They often have a pale collar and stripe over the eye. Many species are commonly found well away from water and feed largely on terrestrial animals such as insects and lizards. The nest is built in a cavity, most often in a tree.
Species
Blue-black kingfisher, Todiramphus nigrocyaneus
Winchell's kingfisher, Todiramphus winchelli
Blue-and-white kingfisher, Todiramphus diops
Lazuli kingfisher, Todiramphus lazuli
Forest kingfisher, Todiramphus macleayii
White-mantled kingfisher, Todiramphus albonotatus
Ultramarine kingfisher, Todiramphus leucopygius
Vanuatu kingfisher, Todiramphus farquhari
Sombre kingfisher, Todiramphus funebris
Collared kingfisher, Todiramphus chloris
Torresian kingfisher, Todiramphus sordidus
Islet kingfisher, Todiramphus colonus
Mariana kingfisher, Todiramphus albicilla
Melanesian kingfisher, Todiramphus tristrami
Pacific kingfisher, Todiramphus sacer
Talaud kingfisher, Todiramphus enigma
Guam kingfisher, Todiramphus cinnamominus
† Ryūkyū kingfisher, Todiramphus (cinnamominus) miyakoensis - extinct (late 19th century)
Rusty-capped kingfisher, Todiramphus pelewensis
Pohnpei kingfisher, Todiramphus reichenbachii
Beach kingfisher, Todiramphus saurophagus
Sacred kingfisher, Todiramphus sanctus
Flat-billed kingfisher, Todiramphus recurvirostris - formerly in T. sanctus
Cinnamon-banded kingfisher, Todiramphus australasia
Chattering kingfisher, Todiramphus tutus
Mewing kingfisher, Todiramphus ruficollaris - formerly in T. tutus
Society kingfisher, Todiramphus veneratus
Mangareva kingfisher, Todiramphus gambieri
Niau kingfisher, Todiramphus gertrudae
Marquesan kingfisher, Todiramphus godeffroyi
Red-backed kingfisher, Todiramphus pyrrhopygius
† Rarotonga kingfisher, Todiramphus cf. tutus - extinct (mid-1980s?)
References
Lesson, René (1827). "Description d'un nouveau genre d'oiseau. Todirhamphe, Todiramphus". Bulletin des sciences naturelles et de géologie (in French). 12: 268–271 [269].
Gray, Jeannie; Fraser, Ian (2013). Australian Bird Names: A Complete Guide. Csiro Publishing. p. 180. ISBN 978-0-643-10471-6.
"rhamphoid". Oxford English Dictionary (Online ed.). Oxford University Press. (Subscription or participating institution membership required.)
Gill, Frank; Donsker, David, eds. (2017). "Rollers, ground rollers & kingfishers". World Bird List Version 7.2. International Ornithologists' Union. Retrieved 17 May 2017.
Fry, C. Hilary; Fry, Kathie; Harris, Alan (1992). Kingfishers, Bee-eaters & Rollers. London: Christopher Helm. ISBN 0-7136-8028-8.
Pratt, H. Douglas; Bruner, Philip L.; Berrett, Delwyn G. (1987). A Field Guide to the Birds of Hawaii and the Tropical Pacific. Princeton University Press. ISBN 0-691-08402-5.
"Zoonomen".
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