Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Superphylum: Deuterostomia
Phylum: Chordata
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Infraphylum: Gnathostomata
Megaclassis: Osteichthyes
Superclassis: Sarcopterygii
Superclassis: Tetrapoda
Cladus: Reptiliomorpha
Cladus: Amniota
Classis: Reptilia
Cladus: Eureptilia
Cladus: Romeriida
Subclassis: Diapsida
Cladus: Sauria
Infraclassis: Archosauromorpha
Cladus: Crurotarsi
Divisio: Archosauria
Cladus: Avemetatarsalia
Cladus: Ornithodira
Subtaxon: Dinosauromorpha
Cladus: Dinosauriformes
Cladus: Dracohors
Cladus: Dinosauria
Ordo: Saurischia
Cladus: Eusaurischia
Cladus: Theropoda
Cladus: Neotheropoda
Cladus: Averostra
Cladus: Tetanurae
Cladus: Avetheropoda
Cladus: Coelurosauria
Cladus: Tyrannoraptora
Cladus: Maniraptoromorpha
Cladus: Maniraptoriformes
Cladus: Maniraptora
Cladus: Pennaraptora
Cladus: Paraves
Cladus: Eumaniraptora
Cladus: Avialae
Infraclassis: Aves
Cladus: Euavialae
Cladus: Avebrevicauda
Cladus: Pygostylia
Cladus: Ornithothoraces
Cladus: Euornithes
Cladus: Ornithuromorpha
Cladus: Ornithurae
Cladus: Carinatae
Parvclassis: Neornithes
Cohors: Neognathae
Cladus: Neoaves
Ordo: Coraciiformes
Familia: Alcedinidae
Subfamilia: Halcyoninae
Genus: Todiramphus
Species: Todiramphus gambieri †
Name
Todiramphus gambieri (Oustalet, 1895)
Synonymy
Todiramphus gambieri getrudae
References
Nouvelles Archives du Museum D'Histoire Naturelle De Paris (3) 7 p.182
IUCN: Todiramphus gambieri getrudae (Critically Endangered)
Vernacular names
català: Alció de Niau
čeština: Ledňáček tuamotský
Cymraeg: Pysgotwr Twamotw
Deutsch: Tuamotuliest
English: Mangareva kingfisher
suomi: Tuamotunkalastaja
français: Martin-chasseur des Gambier
magyar: Tuamotu-szigeteki halción
Nederlands: Mangarevaijsvogel
پنجابی: ٹواموٹو مچھی مار
svenska: mangarevakungsfiskare
Tiếng Việt: Bói cá Mangareva
The Mangareva kingfisher (Todiramphus gambieri), also known as Tuamotu kingfisher, is a species of kingfisher in the family Alcedinidae, endemic to Niau in French Polynesia. It is classified as critically endangered.
Description
The Mangareva kingfisher has a cream-coloured head and neck, with blue ear-coverts, a white chin and frequently a rufous band across the breast. The crown has a variable amount of blue feathers. Mantle, back, rump, wings and tail are blue.[1]
Distribution and habitat
The species only occurs on the island of Niau in the Tuamotus, French Polynesia. It prefers semi-open habitat, including coconut plantations, limestone forests, and cultivated areas around villages. Foraging may take place in wetlands and coastal areas.[1]
Ecology
Like many kingfishers, the Mangareva kingfisher is a terrestrial perch hunter. Hunting takes place from elevated positions, particularly in coconut plantations with open understory and exposed ground. The species takes insects and small lizards, the latter being the main food for chicks. Breeding takes place primarily from September to January in nest cavities excavated from dead and decaying coconut palms.[1]
Threats and conservation
The population of the Mangareva kingfisher appears to have never been very high in recent decades, and has fluctuated heavily in the 2000s. Total numbers of 400-600 birds were reported in 1974, with a drop to 39-51 individuals in 2003 and 2004, and as subsequent rise to an apparently stable population of 135 individuals in 2009. The species is currently classified as critically endangered by the IUCN due to the very small population size and heavily restricted distribution.[1]
The main threats contributing to the species' decline are thought to be predation by cats on nestlings, food competition with rats, a lack of suitable nesting trees (particularly old coconut palms), and generally favourable hunting habitat, as it prefers landscapes cleared with regular burning, a practice that is seeing less use.[1]
References
BirdLife International (2013). "Todiramphus gambieri". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2013: e.T22683499A48025760. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2013-2.RLTS.T22683499A48025760.en.
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