Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Superphylum: Deuterostomia
Phylum: Chordata
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Infraphylum: Gnathostomata
Megaclassis: Osteichthyes
Cladus: Sarcopterygii
Cladus: Rhipidistia
Cladus: Tetrapodomorpha
Cladus: Eotetrapodiformes
Cladus: Elpistostegalia
Superclassis: Tetrapoda
Cladus: Reptiliomorpha
Cladus: Amniota
Classis: Reptilia
Cladus: Eureptilia
Cladus: Romeriida
Subclassis: Diapsida
Cladus: Sauria
Infraclassis: Archosauromorpha
Cladus: Crurotarsi
Divisio: Archosauria
Cladus: Avemetatarsalia
Cladus: Ornithodira
Subtaxon: Dinosauromorpha
Cladus: Dinosauriformes
Cladus: Dracohors
Cladus: Dinosauria
Ordo: Saurischia
Cladus: Eusaurischia
Subordo: Theropoda
Cladus: Neotheropoda
Cladus: Averostra
Cladus: Tetanurae
Cladus: Avetheropoda
Cladus: Coelurosauria
Cladus: Tyrannoraptora
Cladus: Maniraptoromorpha
Cladus: Maniraptoriformes
Cladus: Maniraptora
Cladus: Pennaraptora
Cladus: Paraves
Cladus: Eumaniraptora
Cladus: Avialae
Infraclassis: Aves
Cladus: Euavialae
Cladus: Avebrevicauda
Cladus: Pygostylia
Cladus: Ornithothoraces
Cladus: Ornithuromorpha
Cladus: Carinatae
Parvclassis: Neornithes
Cohors: Neognathae
Cladus: Neoaves
Cladus: Telluraves
Cladus: Australaves
Ordo: Psittaciformes
Familia: Psittaculidae
Subfamilia: Psittaculinae
Tribus: Psittaculini
Genus: Tanygnathus
Species: T. gramineus - T. lucionensis - T. megalorynchos - T. sumatranus
Name
Tanygnathus Wagler, 1832
Typus: Psittacus megalorynchos Boddaert, 1783 = Tanygnathus megalorynchos
References
Wagler, J.G. 1832. Monographia Psittacorum. pp. 469–750, pl. 22–27 BHL. In: Abhandlungen der Mathematisch-Physikalischen Classe der Koeniglisch Bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschaften 1, München. Tittle page BHL DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.51953 Reference page. p. 501 BHL.
Vernacular names
Deutsch: Großschnabelpapageien
Tanygnathus is a genus of parrots in the Psittaculini tribe, of the superfamily of Psittacoidea (true parrots).
Its species are native to Southeast Asia and Melanesia.
Taxonomy
The genus Tanygnathus was introduced by the German naturalist Johann Wagler in 1832.[1] The type species was subsequently designated as the great-billed parrot (Tanygnathus megalorynchos) by the English zoologist George Robert Gray in 1840.[2][3] The name Tanygnathus combines the Ancient Greek words tanuō "to stretch out" and gnathos "jaw".[4]
The genus contains four species:[5]
Great-billed parrot, Tanygnathus megalorynchos
Blue-naped parrot, Tanygnathus lucionensis
Blue-backed parrot, Tanygnathus everetti
Black-lored parrot, Tanygnathus gramineus
Azure-rumped parrot, Tanygnathus sumatranus
Genetic analysis has supported reclassifying all 4 species under Psittacula, making Tanygnathus a synonym of the former genus.[6]
References
Wagler, Johann Georg (1832). "Monographia Psittacorum". Abhandlungen der mathematisch-physikalischen Classe, Königlich-Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften (in Latin). 1: 463-750 [501].
Gray, George Robert (1840). A List of the Genera of Birds : with an Indication of the Typical Species of Each Genus. London: R. and J.E. Taylor. p. 52.
Peters, James Lee, ed. (1937). Check-list of Birds of the World. Vol. 3. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press. p. 238.
Jobling, James A. (2010). The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names. London: Christopher Helm. p. 379. ISBN 978-1-4081-2501-4.
Gill, Frank; Donsker, David, eds. (2018). "Parrots, cockatoos". World Bird List Version 8.1. International Ornithologists' Union. Retrieved 4 April 2018.
Podsiadlowski, Lars; Gamauf, Anita; Töpfer, Till (2017). "Revising the phylogenetic position of the extinct Mascarene Parrot Mascarinus mascarin (Linnaeus 1771) (Aves: Psittaciformes: Psittacidae)". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 107: 499–502. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2016.12.022. PMID 28017858.
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