Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Superphylum: Deuterostomia
Phylum: Chordata
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Infraphylum: Gnathostomata
Megaclassis: Osteichthyes
Cladus: Sarcopterygii
Cladus: Rhipidistia
Cladus: Tetrapodomorpha
Cladus: Eotetrapodiformes
Cladus: Elpistostegalia
Superclassis: Tetrapoda
Cladus: Reptiliomorpha
Cladus: Amniota
Classis: Reptilia
Cladus: Eureptilia
Cladus: Romeriida
Subclassis: Diapsida
Cladus: Sauria
Infraclassis: Archosauromorpha
Cladus: Crurotarsi
Divisio: Archosauria
Cladus: Avemetatarsalia
Cladus: Ornithodira
Subtaxon: Dinosauromorpha
Cladus: Dinosauriformes
Cladus: Dracohors
Cladus: Dinosauria
Ordo: Saurischia
Cladus: Eusaurischia
Subordo: Theropoda
Cladus: Neotheropoda
Cladus: Averostra
Cladus: Tetanurae
Cladus: Avetheropoda
Cladus: Coelurosauria
Cladus: Tyrannoraptora
Cladus: Maniraptoromorpha
Cladus: Maniraptoriformes
Cladus: Maniraptora
Cladus: Pennaraptora
Cladus: Paraves
Cladus: Eumaniraptora
Cladus: Avialae
Infraclassis: Aves
Cladus: Euavialae
Cladus: Avebrevicauda
Cladus: Pygostylia
Cladus: Ornithothoraces
Cladus: Ornithuromorpha
Cladus: Carinatae
Parvclassis: Neornithes
Cohors: Neognathae
Cladus: Neoaves
Cladus: Telluraves
Cladus: Australaves
Ordo: Psittaciformes
Familia: Psittacidae
Subfamilia: Arinae
Tribus: Arini
Genus: Pyrrhura
Species: P. albipectus - P. amazonum - P. calliptera - P. cruentata - P. devillei - P. egregia - P. emma - P. frontalis - P. griseipectus - P. hoematotis - P. hoffmanni - P. lepida - P. leucotis - P. lucianii - P. melanura - P. molinae - P. orcesi - P. perlata - P. pfrimeri - P. picta - P. rhodocephala - P. roseifrons - P. rupicola - P. viridicata
Name
Pyrrhura Bonaparte, 1856
Typus: Psittacus frontalis Vieillot, 1818 = Pyrrhura frontalis
References
Primary references
Bonaparte, C.L. 1856. Conspectum Psittacorum In Tabellarische Uebersicht der Papagaien. Naumannia. Archiv für die Ornithologie Vorzugsweise Europa's. Organ der Deutsche Ornithologen-Gesellschaft. Beilage nr.1a. BHL Reference page. First availability Genus 14 BHL
Additional references
Joseph, L. 2002. Geographic variation, taxonomy and distribution of some Amazonian Pyrrhura parakeets. Ornitologia Neotropical 13(4): 337–363. Full article (PDF) Reference page.
Costa, T.V.V., Joseph, L. & Silveira, L.F. 2016. Considerations on the type specimens and type locality of Pyrrhura roseifrons (Gray, 1859) (Psittacidae). Zootaxa 4179(1): 107–110. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4179.1.5 Reference page.
Gaban-Lima, R. & Raposo, M.A. 2016. The status of three little known names proposed by Miranda-Ribeiro (1926) and the synonymization of Pyrrhura snethlageae Joseph & Bates, 2002 (Psittaciformes: Psittacidae: Arinae). Zootaxa 4200(1): 192–200. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4200.1.10. Reference page.
Vernacular names
Deutsch: Rotschwanzsittiche
lietuvių: Raudonuodegės papūgos
русский: Пирруровые
Pyrrhura (Greek Red/Fire Tail) is a genus of parrots in the Arini tribe. They occur in tropical and subtropical South America and southern Central America (Panama and Costa Rica). Most are restricted to humid forest and adjacent habitats, but one species, the blaze-winged parakeet, prefers deciduous or gallery woodland, and another, the Pfrimer's parakeet, is restricted to dry regions. Some species are highly endangered.
Depending on the species, the total length range from 22 to 30 centimetres (8.7 to 11.8 in). All have long, pointed tails, a mainly green plumage, and a relatively narrow, dark greyish to white eye-ring. Many have scaly or barred chest-patterns and a whitish, pale grey, buff or reddish ear-patch.
They typically move around in small, noisy flocks, flying swiftly at or below canopy level. Once settled in a tree they tend to be silent (especially if aware of danger) and difficult to spot. They nest in a tree-crevice.
Some species are popular in aviculture, where they are commonly referred to conures instead of parakeets.[1]
The taxonomy of some groups, in particular the Pyrrhura picta and the P. leucotis complexes, has changed significantly in recent years. In late 2008 it was proposed that the members of the P. picta complex from north-eastern Peru (the so-called "group 6" in Joseph, 2002) should be considered a new species, the Amazon red-fronted parakeet, P. parvifrons. This has yet to receive widespread recognition (e.g., by SACC), and consequently it is not included in the below list.
Species
Ochre-marked parakeet, Pyrrhura cruentata.
Maroon-bellied parakeet, Pyrrhura frontalis.
Blaze-winged parakeet, Pyrrhura devillei – traditionally a subspecies of P. frontalis.
Crimson-bellied parakeet, Pyrrhura perlata – formerly P. rhodogaster.
Pearly parakeet, Pyrrhura lepida – formerly P. perlata.
Green-cheeked parakeet, Pyrrhura molinae.
Painted parakeet, Pyrrhura picta.
Sinú parakeet, Pyrrhura (picta) subandina – possibly extinct.
Todd's (Perijá) parakeet, Pyrrhura (picta) caeruleiceps.
Azuero parakeet, Pyrrhura (picta) eisenmanni.
Venezuelan parakeet, Pyrrhura emma – Formally considered a subspecies of P. leucotis.
Santarém (Hellmayr's) parakeet, Pyrrhura amazonum – traditionally a subspecies of P. picta.
Madeira parakeet, Pyrrhura snethlageae
Bonaparte's (Deville's) parakeet, Pyrrhura lucianii – traditionally a subspecies of P. picta.
Rose-fronted parakeet, Pyrrhura roseifrons – traditionally a subspecies of P. picta.
Wavy-breasted parakeet, Pyrrhura (roseifrons) peruviana.
White-eared (maroon-faced) parakeet, Pyrrhura leucotis.
Grey-breasted parakeet, Pyrrhura griseipectus.
Pfrimer's parakeet, Pyrrhura pfrimeri – traditionally a subspecies of P. leucotis.
Fiery-shouldered parakeet, Pyrrhura egregia.
Santa Marta parakeet, Pyrrhura viridicata.
Maroon-tailed parakeet, Pyrrhura melanura.
El Oro parakeet, Pyrrhura orcesi.
Black-capped (rock) parakeet, Pyrrhura rupicola.
White-necked parakeet, Pyrrhura albipectus.
Flame-winged (brown-breasted) parakeet, Pyrrhura calliptera.
Red-eared parakeet, Pyrrhura hoematotis.
Rose-headed (rose-crowned) parakeet, Pyrrhura rhodocephala.
Sulphur-winged parakeet, Pyrrhura hoffmanni.
References
"Pyrrhura Conures | Beauty of Birds".
Arndt, T. (2008). Anmerkungen zu einigen Pyrrhura-Formen mit der Beschreibung einer neuen Art und zweier neuer Unterarten. Papageien 8/2008.
Joseph, L. (2002). Geographic variation, taxonomy and distribution of some Amazonian Pyrrhura parakeets. Ornitologia Neotropical 13 (4): 337–363.
Juniper, T., and M. Parr (1998). A Guide to the Parrots of the World. Pica Press, East Sussex. ISBN 1-873403-40-2
Remsen, J. V., Jr., C. D. Cadena, A. Jaramillo, M. Nores, J. F. Pacheco, M. B. Robbins, T. S. Schulenberg, F. G. Stiles, D. F. Stotz, and K. J. Zimmer. Version 28 Jun. 2007. A classification of the bird species of South America. American Ornithologists' Union.
Restall, R., C. Rodner, and M. Lentino. (2006). Birds of Northern South America - An Identification Guide.. Christopher Helm, London. ISBN 0-7136-7242-0
Ribas, C., L. Joseph, and C. Miyaki (2006). Molecular systematics and patterns of diversification in Pyrrhura (Psittacidae), with special reference to the picta-leucotis complex. Auk 123 (3): 660–680.
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