Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Superphylum: Deuterostomia
Phylum: Chordata
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Infraphylum: Gnathostomata
Megaclassis: Osteichthyes
Cladus: Sarcopterygii
Cladus: Rhipidistia
Cladus: Tetrapodomorpha
Cladus: Eotetrapodiformes
Cladus: Elpistostegalia
Superclassis: Tetrapoda
Cladus: Reptiliomorpha
Cladus: Amniota
Classis: Reptilia
Cladus: Eureptilia
Cladus: Romeriida
Subclassis: Diapsida
Cladus: Sauria
Infraclassis: Archosauromorpha
Cladus: Crurotarsi
Divisio: Archosauria
Cladus: Avemetatarsalia
Cladus: Ornithodira
Subtaxon: Dinosauromorpha
Cladus: Dinosauriformes
Cladus: Dracohors
Cladus: Dinosauria
Ordo: Saurischia
Cladus: Eusaurischia
Subordo: Theropoda
Cladus: Neotheropoda
Cladus: Averostra
Cladus: Tetanurae
Cladus: Avetheropoda
Cladus: Coelurosauria
Cladus: Tyrannoraptora
Cladus: Maniraptoromorpha
Cladus: Maniraptoriformes
Cladus: Maniraptora
Cladus: Pennaraptora
Cladus: Paraves
Cladus: Eumaniraptora
Cladus: Avialae
Infraclassis: Aves
Cladus: Euavialae
Cladus: Avebrevicauda
Cladus: Pygostylia
Cladus: Ornithothoraces
Cladus: Ornithuromorpha
Cladus: Carinatae
Parvclassis: Neornithes
Cohors: Neognathae
Cladus: Neoaves
Cladus: Telluraves
Cladus: Australaves
Ordo: Passeriformes
Subordo: Tyranni
Infraordo: Tyrannides
Parvordo: Thamnophilida
Familia: Thamnophilidae
Genus: Hypocnemis
Species: H. cantator – H. flavescens – H. hypoxantha – H. ochrogyna – H. peruviana – H. rondoni – H. striata – H. subflava
Name
Hypocnemis Cabanis, 1847
Typus: Formicarius cantatar Boddaert, 1783 = Hypocnemis cantator
Synonyms
Hypocnemus [variation]
References
Primary references
Cabanis J. 1847. Ornithologische Notizen I p.186–256, II p.308–352. In: Archive fur Naturgeschichte, Year 13, Vol 1, 352 pp. Nicolai'schen Buchhandlung - Berlin. Original description p. 212 BHL Reference page.
Additional references
Isler, M.L., Isler, P.R. & Whitney, B.M. (2007). Species limits in Antbirds (Thamnophilidae): The Warbling Antbird (Hypocnemis cantator) complex. Auk 124(1): 11–28. DOI: 10.1642/0004-8038(2007)124[11:SLIATT]2.0.CO;2 Reference page.
Whitney, B.M., Isler, M.L., Bravo, G.A., Aristizábal, N., Schunck, F., Silveira, L.F., Piacentini, V.Q., Cohn-Haft, M. & Rêgo, M.A. 2013. A new species of antbird in the Hypocnemis cantator complex from the Aripuanã-Machado interfluvium in central Amazonian Brazil. P. 282–285 In: del Hoyo, J., Elliott, A., Sargatal, J. & Christie, D.A. (eds.) 2013. Handbook of the Birds of the World. Special Volume: New Species and Global Index. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona.Reference page. PDF.Reference page.
Vernacular names
English: Antbirds
español: Hormigueros
português: Cantadores
Hypocnemis is a genus of passerine birds in the family Thamnophilidae. They are resident breeders in tropical Central and South America.
The genus Hypocnemis was introduced by the German ornithologist Jean Cabanis in 1847.[1] The name combines the Ancient Greek words hupo "somewhat like" and knēmis "leggings".[2] The type species was subsequently designated as the Guianan warbling antbird.[3]
The genus contains eight species:[4]
Guianan warbling antbird, Hypocnemis cantator
Imeri warbling antbird, Hypocnemis flavescens
Peruvian warbling antbird, Hypocnemis peruviana
Yellow-breasted warbling antbird, Hypocnemis subflava
Rondonia warbling antbird, Hypocnemis ochrogyna
Spix's warbling antbird, Hypocnemis striata
Manicoré warbling antbird, Hypocnemis rondoni
Yellow-browed antbird, Hypocnemis hypoxantha
The warbling antbird has traditionally been considered a single polytypic species, but recent evidence has led to it being split into six almost entirely parapatric species.[5][6]
References
Cabanis, Jean (1847). "Ornithologische notizen". Archiv für Naturgeschichte (in German). 13: 186–256 [212].
Jobling, James A. (2010). The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names. London: Christopher Helm. p. 199. ISBN 978-1-4081-2501-4.
Peters, James Lee, ed. (1951). Check-list of Birds of the World. Vol. 7. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Museum of Comparative Zoology. p. 223.
Gill, Frank; Donsker, David, eds. (2018). "Antbirds". World Bird List Version 8.1. International Ornithologists' Union. Retrieved 2 February 2018.
Isler, M.L.; Isler, P.R.; Whitney, B.M. (2007). "Species limits in Antbirds (Thamnophilidae): The Warbling Antbird (Hypocnemis cantator) complex". Auk. 124 (1): 11–28. doi:10.1642/0004-8038(2007)124[11:SLIATT]2.0.CO;2.
"Proposal (299) Split Hypocnemis cantator by elevating H. flavescens, peruviana, subflava, ochrogyna and striata to species rank". South American Classification Committee of the American Ornithological Society. 2007. Retrieved 3 February 2018.
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