Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Superphylum: Deuterostomia
Phylum: Chordata
Cladus: Craniata
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Infraphylum: Gnathostomata
Superclassis: Tetrapoda
Cladus: Reptiliomorpha
Cladus: Amniota
Classis: Reptilia
Cladus: Eureptilia
Cladus: Romeriida
Subclassis: Diapsida
Cladus: Sauria
Infraclassis: Archosauromorpha
Cladus: Crurotarsi
Divisio: Archosauria
Subsectio: Ornithodira
Subtaxon: Dinosauromorpha
Cladus: Dinosauria
Ordo: Saurischia
Cladus: Theropoda
Cladus: Neotheropoda
Infraclassis: Aves
Ordo: Passeriformes
Subordo: Passeri
Infraordo: Passerida
Superfamilia: Sylvioidea
Familia: Pycnonotidae
Genus: Criniger
Species: C. barbatus - C. calurus - C. chloronotus - C. ndussumensis - C. olivaceus
Name
Criniger Temminck, 1820
References
Manuel d'ornithologie ed.2 1 p. 60[LX]
Vernacular names
suomi: Valkokurkkubulbulit
Criniger is a genus of songbirds in the bulbul family, Pycnonotidae. The species of Criniger are found in western and central Africa.
Taxonomy
The genus Criniger was introduced in 1820 by the Dutch zoologist Coenraad Jacob Temminck,[1] the name Criniger is Latin for "long-haired" (from crinis, meaning "hair" and gerere, meaning "to carry").[2] A year later Temminck designated the type species as the western bearded greenbul.[3][4]
Species
The genus contains five species:[5]
Western bearded greenbul (Criniger barbatus)
Eastern bearded greenbul (Criniger chloronotus)
Red-tailed greenbul (Criniger calurus)
White-bearded greenbul (Criniger ndussumensis)
Yellow-bearded greenbul (Criniger olivaceus)
Former species
Formerly, some authorities also considered the following species (or subspecies) as species within the genus Criniger:
Striated bulbul (as Tricophorus striatus or Criniger striatus)[6][7]
Streak-eared bulbul (as Criniger Conradi)[8]
Western greenbul (as Trichophorus tephrolaemus)[9]
Olive-headed greenbul (as Criniger olivaceiceps)[10]
Golden greenbul (as Criniger serinus)[11]
Honeyguide greenbul (as Criniger indicator)[12]
Upper Guinea honeyguide greenbul (as Trichophorus leucurus)[13]
Yellow-bellied greenbul (as Trichophorus flaviventris)[14]
Falkenstein's greenbul (as Criniger Falkensteini)[15]
Simple greenbul (as Trichophorus simplex)[16]
Yellow-throated leaflove (as Trichophorus flavicollis or Criniger flavicollis)[17]
Uganda yellow-throated greenbul (as Trichophorus flavigula)[18]
Northern brownbul (as Criniger strepitans)[19]
Fischer's greenbul (as Criniger Fischeri)[20]
Cabanis's greenbul (as Criniger cabanisi)[21]
Icterine greenbul (as Trichophorus icterinus)[22]
Red-tailed bristlebill (multicolor) (as Criniger multicolor)[23]
Green-tailed bristlebill (as Trichophorus eximius)[24]
Yellow-lored bristlebill (as Trichophorus notatus)[25]
Grey-headed bristlebill (as Trichophorus canicapillus)[26]
Finsch's bulbul (as Criniger finschi)[27]
White-throated bulbul (as Trichophorus flaveolus or Criniger flaveolus)[28]
White-throated bulbul (burmanicus) (as Criniger burmanicus)[29]
Puff-throated bulbul (as Criniger pallidus)[30]
Grey-crowned bulbul (as Criniger griseiceps)[31]
Puff-throated bulbul (henrici) (as Criniger Henrici)[32]
Ochraceous bulbul (as Criniger ochraceus)[33]
Ochraceous bulbul (sordidus) (as Criniger sordidus)[34]
Ochraceous bulbul (sumatranus) (as Criniger sumatranus)[35]
Ochraceous bulbul (ruficrissus) (as Criniger ruficrissus)[36]
Grey-cheeked bulbul (as Criniger bres)[37]
Grey-cheeked bulbul (tephrogenys) (as Trichophorus tephrogenys)[38]
Grey-cheeked bulbul (gutturalis) (as Trichophorus gutturalis or Criniger gutturalis)[39]
Palawan bulbul (as Criniger frater)[40]
Yellow-bellied bulbul (as Criniger phaeocephalus)[41]
Yellow-bellied bulbul (diardi) (as Criniger diardi)[42]
Yellow-bellied bulbul (sulphuratus) (as Trichophorus sulphuratus)[43]
Yellow-browed bulbul (as Trichophorus indicus)[44]
Yellow-browed bulbul (icterica) (as Criniger ictericus)[45]
Hairy-backed bulbul (as Trichophorus minutus)[46]
Hairy-backed bulbul (sericeus) (as Criniger sericea)[47]
Grey-eyed bulbul (as Criniger propinquus)[48]
Charlotte's bulbul (as Criniger charlottae)[49]
Sulphur-bellied bulbul (as Criniger palawanensis)[50]
Seram golden bulbul (as Criniger affinis)[51]
Ambon golden bulbul (as Trichophorus flavicaudus)[52]
Northern golden bulbul (as Criniger longirostris)[53]
Sangihe golden bulbul (as Criniger Platenae)[54]
Togian golden bulbul (as Criniger aureus)[55]
Halmahera golden bulbul (as Criniger Chloris)[56]
Buru golden bulbul (as Criniger mystacalis)[57]
Yellowish bulbul (as Criniger Everetti)[58]
Sulu bulbul (as Criniger Haynaldi)[59]
References
Temminck, Coenraad Jacob (1820). Manuel d'ornithologie, ou, Tableau systématique des oiseaux qui se trouvent en Europe (in French). Part 1 (2nd ed.). Paris: H. Cousin. p. 60 (LX).
Jobling, James A. (2010). The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Names. London, UK: Christopher Helm. p. 121. ISBN 978-1-4081-2501-4.
Mayr, Ernst; Greenway, James C. Jr, eds. (1960). Check-List of Birds of the World. Volume 9. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Museum of Comparative Zoology. p. 273.
Temminck, Coenraad Jacob (1838) [1821]. Nouveau recueil de planches coloriées d'oiseaux, pour servir de suite et de complément aux planches enluminées de Buffon (in French). Volume 3. Paris: F.G. Levrault. Plate 88. The 5 volumes were originally issued in 102 livraison (parts), 1820-1839. For the dates see: Dickinson, E.C. (2001). "Systematic notes on Asian birds. 9. The Nouveau recueil de planches coloriées of Temminck & Laugier (1820–1839)". Zoologische Verhandelingen, Leiden. 335: 7–53.
Gill, Frank; Donsker, David; Rasmussen, Pamela, eds. (January 2021). "Bulbuls". IOC World Bird List Version 11.1. International Ornithologists' Union. Retrieved 27 June 2021.
"Pycnonotus striatus - Avibase". avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved 2017-03-08.
Admin, Avis (2014-09-10). "277. Alcurus striatus". AVIS-IBIS. Retrieved 2017-03-08.
"Pycnonotus conradi - Avibase". avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved 2017-03-31.
"Arizelocichla tephrolaema - Avibase". avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved 2017-04-03.
"Arizelocichla olivaceiceps - Avibase". avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved 2017-04-06.
"Calyptocichla serinus - Avibase". avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved 2017-04-11.
"Baeopogon indicator - Avibase". avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved 2017-04-11.
"Baeopogon indicator leucurus - Avibase". avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved 2017-04-11.
"Chlorocichla flaviventris - Avibase". avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved 2017-04-13.
"Chlorocichla falkensteini - Avibase". avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved 2017-04-16.
"Chlorocichla simplex - Avibase". avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved 2017-04-16.
Catalogue of the Birds in the British Museum: Passeriformes, or perching birds. Cichlomorphœ: pt. III-IV, containing the ... family Timeliidœ (babbling-thrushes) by R.B. Sharpe. order of the Trustees. 1881-01-01.
"Atimastillas flavicollis flavigula - Avibase". avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved 2017-04-17.
"Phyllastrephus strepitans - Avibase". avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved 2017-04-21.
"Phyllastrephus fischeri - Avibase". avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved 2017-05-02.
"Phyllastrephus cabanisi - Avibase". avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved 2017-05-02.
"Phyllastrephus icterinus - Avibase". avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved 2017-05-04.
"Bleda syndactylus syndactylus (multicolor) - Avibase". avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved 2017-05-07.
"Bleda eximius - Avibase". avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved 2017-05-07.
"Bleda notatus - Avibase". avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved 2017-05-07.
"Bleda canicapillus - Avibase". avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved 2017-05-07.
"Alophoixus finschii - Avibase". avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved 2017-05-12.
"Alophoixus flaveolus - Avibase". avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved 2017-05-12.
"Alophoixus flaveolus burmanicus - Avibase". avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved 2017-05-13.
"Alophoixus pallidus - Avibase". avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved 2017-05-14.
"Alophoixus pallidus griseiceps - Avibase". avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved 2017-05-14.
"Alophoixus pallidus henrici - Avibase". avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved 2017-05-14.
"Alophoixus ochraceus - Avibase". avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved 2017-05-15.
"Alophoixus ochraceus sordidus - Avibase". avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved 2017-05-15.
"Alophoixus ochraceus sumatranus - Avibase". avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved 2017-05-15.
"Alophoixus ochraceus ruficrissus - Avibase". avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved 2017-05-15.
"Alophoixus bres - Avibase". avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved 2017-05-15.
"Alophoixus bres tephrogenys - Avibase". avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved 2017-05-15.
"Alophoixus bres gutturalis - Avibase". avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved 2017-05-15.
"Alophoixus frater - Avibase". avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved 2017-05-23.
"Alophoixus phaeocephalus - Avibase". avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved 2017-05-29.
"Alophoixus phaeocephalus diardi - Avibase". avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved 2017-05-29.
"Alophoixus phaeocephalus sulphuratus - Avibase". avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved 2017-05-29.
"Acritillas indica - Avibase". avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved 2017-06-01.
"Acritillas indica icterica - Avibase". avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved 2017-06-01.
The Ibis. British Ornithologists' Union. 1872.
"Tricholestes criniger sericeus - Avibase". avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved 2017-06-03.
"Iole propinqua - Avibase". avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved 2017-06-05.
"Buff-vented Bulbul (Iole charlottae)". www.hbw.com. Retrieved 2017-06-05.
"Iole palawanensis - Avibase". avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved 2017-06-05.
"Thapsinillas affinis (Seram Golden Bulbul) - Avibase". avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved 2017-10-18.
"Thapsinillas affinis flavicaudus (Ambon Golden Bulbul) - Avibase". avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved 2017-10-18.
"Thapsinillas longirostris (Sula Golden-Bulbul) - Avibase". avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved 2017-10-21.
"Thapsinillas platenae (Sangihe Golden-Bulbul) - Avibase". avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved 2017-10-21.
"Thapsinillas aurea (Togian Golden-Bulbul) - Avibase". avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved 2017-10-21.
"Thapsinillas chloris (Halmahera Golden-Bulbul) - Avibase". avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved 2017-10-21.
"Thapsinillas mysticalis (Buru Golden Bulbul) - Avibase". avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved 2017-10-21.
"Hypsipetes everetti (Yellowish Bulbul) - Avibase". avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved 2017-11-06.
"Hypsipetes everetti haynaldi (Sulu Bulbul) - Avibase". avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved 2017-11-06.
Further reading
Huntley, Jerry W.; Harvey, Johanna A.; Pavia, Marco; Boano, Giovanni; Voelker, Gary (2017). "The systematics and biogeography of the Bearded Greenbuls (Aves: Criniger) reveals the impact of Plio-Pleistocene forest fragmentation on Afro-tropical avian diversity". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 183 (3): 672–686. doi:10.1093/zoolinnean/zlx086.
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