Amazona guildingii (Information about this image)
Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Superphylum: Deuterostomia
Phylum: Chordata
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Infraphylum: Gnathostomata
Megaclassis: Osteichthyes
Cladus: Sarcopterygii
Cladus: Rhipidistia
Cladus: Tetrapodomorpha
Cladus: Eotetrapodiformes
Cladus: Elpistostegalia
Superclassis: Tetrapoda
Cladus: Reptiliomorpha
Cladus: Amniota
Classis: Reptilia
Cladus: Eureptilia
Cladus: Romeriida
Subclassis: Diapsida
Cladus: Sauria
Infraclassis: Archosauromorpha
Cladus: Crurotarsi
Divisio: Archosauria
Cladus: Avemetatarsalia
Cladus: Ornithodira
Subtaxon: Dinosauromorpha
Cladus: Dinosauriformes
Cladus: Dracohors
Cladus: Dinosauria
Ordo: Saurischia
Cladus: Eusaurischia
Subordo: Theropoda
Cladus: Neotheropoda
Cladus: Averostra
Cladus: Tetanurae
Cladus: Avetheropoda
Cladus: Coelurosauria
Cladus: Tyrannoraptora
Cladus: Maniraptoromorpha
Cladus: Maniraptoriformes
Cladus: Maniraptora
Cladus: Pennaraptora
Cladus: Paraves
Cladus: Eumaniraptora
Cladus: Avialae
Infraclassis: Aves
Cladus: Euavialae
Cladus: Avebrevicauda
Cladus: Pygostylia
Cladus: Ornithothoraces
Cladus: Ornithuromorpha
Cladus: Carinatae
Parvclassis: Neornithes
Cohors: Neognathae
Cladus: Neoaves
Cladus: Telluraves
Cladus: Australaves
Ordo: Psittaciformes
Familia: Psittacidae
Subfamilia: Psittacinae
Tribus: Androglossini
Genus: Amazona
Species: Amazona guildingii
Name
Amazona guildingii (Vigors, 1837)
Synonyms
Psittacus Guildingii (protonym)
References
Vigors, N.A., 1837: Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London. 4(45): 79–83. p. 80 BHL
Links
IUCN: Amazona guildingii (Vulnerable)
Vernacular names
български: Гулдова амазона
català: Amazona de Saint Vincent
Cymraeg: Amason St Vincent
dansk: Kongeamazone
Deutsch: Königsamazone
English: St. Vincent Amazon
suomi: Saintvincentinamatsoni
français: Amazone de Saint-Vincent
magyar: Királyamazon
日本語: オウボウシインコ
lietuvių: Karališkoji amazonė
кырык мары: Кугижӓ амазон
Nederlands: Sint-Vincentamazone
polski: Amazonka królewska
پنجابی: سینٹ ونسٹنٹ ایمیزن
português: Papagaio-de-São-Vicente
русский: Королевский амазон
svenska: saintvincentamazon
українська: Амазон королівський
中文: 聖芬生鸚鵡
The Saint Vincent amazon (Amazona guildingii) also known as Saint Vincent parrot, is a large, approximately 40 cm long, multi-colored amazon parrot with a yellowish white, blue and green head, greenish-bronze upperparts plumage, and violet blue-green wings.
Description
Front view
Side view
The bird is a 40 centimetres (16 in) long, mostly green, multi-colored amazon parrot with a yellowish white, blue and green head, greenish-bronze upperparts, grey feet, reddish eye, and violet blue-green wings. Its tail feathers are blue with broad yellow tips. There is a less yellow-brown morph and a less common green morph.[3] Both sexes are similar. The young has lighter plumage and brown iris.
Range
The Saint Vincent amazon is endemic to the heavily forested mountains of the Caribbean island of Saint Vincent in the Lesser Antilles. Its diet consists mainly of fruits, nuts, flowers and seeds. The female usually lays one to two eggs.
Conservation
The Nicholas Wildlife Aviary Complex, located within the Botanic Gardens of Saint Vincent (island) maintains a vital captive breeding and conservation program to conserve the St Vincent Parrot.
Threats and status
Hunting for food, trapping for the cage-bird trade and habitat loss were the principal causes of this species' decline.[4] Deforestation has been the result of forestry activities, the expansion of banana cultivation, charcoal production, the loss of nesting-trees felled by trappers seeking young birds for trade, and natural events such as hurricanes and volcanic eruptions.[5]
The introduced nine-banded armadillo (Dasypus novemcinctus), undermines large trees causing them to topple, reducing the number of suitable nest trees.[6]
A cross-country road is planned, funded by the Taiwanese government, which would destroy large areas of suitable habitat and increase deforestation rates.[6]
The genetic isolation of the separate sub-populations may present further cause for concern.
The small population of captive birds at the Graeme Hall Sanctuary in Barbados is at very high risk. This is due to the lethargy of the Barbados Government in working with the St. Vincent Government and the owner of the Graeme Hall Sanctuary to move the birds to an off-shore island or even back to St. Vincent. Increased raids and poaching at the Sanctuary, the deliberate cutting off of the Sanctuary's water supply, and little or no support from the local Police when raids occur, all mean that this small population is unlikely to survive.[neutrality is disputed]
Due to all of these contributing factors, the St. Vincent Parrot is considered Vulnerable on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.[1] It is listed on Appendix I of CITES.[2]
References
BirdLife International (2020). "Amazona guildingii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T22686403A179396130. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T22686403A179396130.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
"Appendices | CITES". cites.org. Retrieved 2022-01-14.
"Species factsheet: Amazona guildingii". BirdLife International (2008). Retrieved 27 August 2008.
ARKive
Snyder, N.; McGowan, P.; Gilardi, J.; Grajal, A. 2000. Parrots: status survey and conservation action plan 2000-2004. International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK
Culzac-Wilson, L. (2005) Species conservation plan for the St. Vincent Parrot Amazona guildingii. Loro Parque Fundacion, Puerto de la Cruz, Tenerife.
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