Syntomini

Life-forms

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Cladus: Protostomia
Cladus: Ecdysozoa
Cladus: Panarthropoda
Phylum: Arthropoda
Subphylum: Hexapoda
Classis: Insecta
Cladus: Dicondylia
Subclassis: Pterygota
Cladus: Metapterygota
Infraclassis: Neoptera
Cladus: Eumetabola
Cladus: Endopterygota
Superordo: Panorpida
Cladus: Amphiesmenoptera
Ordo: Lepidoptera
Subordo: Glossata
Cladus: Coelolepida
Cladus: Myoglossata
Cladus: Neolepidoptera
Infraordo: Heteroneura
Cladus: Eulepidoptera
Cladus: Ditrysia
Cladus: Apoditrysia
Cladus: Obtectomera
Cladus: Macroheterocera
Superfamilia: Noctuoidea

Familia: Erebidae
Subfamilia: Arctiinae
Tribus: Syntomini
Genera: Amata – Anapisa – Apisa – Auriculoceryx – Automolis – Balacra – Bergeria – Bombiliodes – Caeneressa – Callobalacra – Ceryx – Compsochromia – Daphaenisca – Diakonoffia – Dufraneella – Dysauxes – Epibalacra – Epitoxis – Eressa – Hampsonata – Hemirhipidia – Heronina – Hippurarctia – Hyalaethea – Lamprobalacra – Lempkeella – Lobuliceryx – Meganaclia – Melisa – Melisoides – Mesonaclia – Metamicroptera – Metapiconoma – Metarctia – Microbergeria – Nacliodes – Neophemula – Notharctia – Oenarctia – Owambarctia – Pachyceryx – Paramelisa – Parapisa – Pseudapiconoma – Pseudmelisa – Pseudodiptera – Pseudothyretes – Rhabdomarctia – Rhipidarctia – Streptophlebia – Syntomis – Syntomoides – Takwa – Tervurenia – Thyretarctia – Thyretes – Trichaetoides
Name

Syntomini Herrich-Schäffer, 1846
Synonyms

Amatinae Janse, 1917
Syntominae Herrich-Schäffer, 1846
Thyretina Butler, 1876. Synonymy in Przybyłowicz et al., 2019: 10.

References
Primary references

Przybyłowicz, Ł., Lees, D.C., Zenker, M.M. & Wahlberg, N. 2019. Molecular systematics of the arctiine tribe Syntomini (Lepidoptera, Erebidae). Systematic Entomology 44(3): 624–637. DOI: 10.1111/syen.12343. Reference page.

Additional references

Dowdy, N.J., Keating, S., Lemmon, A.R., Lemmon, E.M., Conner, W.E., Chialvo, C.H.S., Weller, S.J., Simmons, R.B., Sisson, M.S. & Zaspel, J.M. 2020. A deeper meaning for shallow-level phylogenomic studies: nested anchored hybrid enrichment offers great promise for resolving the tiger moth tree of life (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae). Systematic Entomology 45(4): 874–893. DOI: 10.1111/syen.12433 Reference page.
Freina de, J.J. & W. Mey, 2011: A new species of Epitoxis Wallengren, 1863 from southwestern Africa (Lepidoptera: Arctiidae, Syntominae). Entomologische Zeitschrift 121 (4): 185–188.
Kiriakoff, S.G., 1973: Neue oder wenig bekannte Thyretidae. Mitteilungen der Münchener Entomologischen Gesellschaft 63: 49–66.
Krüger, M., 2013: Thyretini of Africa. An Illustrated Catalogue of the Thyretini (Lepidoptera: Arctiidae: Syntominae) of the Afrotropical Region. Annals of the Ditsong National Museum of Natural History: 1–197.
Lu, H.F. ; F.Q. Chen & C.S. Wu, 2012: Catalogue of Ctenuchinina Heppner, 1992 from China (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae). Shilap Revista de Lepidopterologia 40 (160): 447–463.
Przybylowicz , L., 2009: Thyretini of Africa. An Illustrated Catalogue of the Thyretini (Lepidoptera: Arctiidae: Syntominae) of the Afrotropical Region. Entomonograph 16: 1–170.
Przybylowicz, L. & Ochse, M. 2017. A New, Peculiar Genus: and Species of Thyretina (Erebidae: Arctiinae, Syntomini) and a Review of African Syntomini Bearing a Pointed Abdominal Tuft. Annals of the Entomological Society of America 110(1): 104-112. full article (PDF). Reference page.
Schaus, W. 1905. Descriptions of new South American moths. Proceedings of the United States National Museum 29(1420): 179-345. full aticle BHL. Reference page.
Vos de R., 2010: Two new species of Hyalaethea Butler from Indonesian New Guinea (Lepidoptera: Arctiidae, Syntominae). SUGAPA (Suara Serangga Papua) 4(3): 79–88.
Witt, T.J. & Ronkay, L. (Eds.) 2011. Noctuidae Europaeae. Volume 13. Lymantriinae and Arctiinae, including phylogeny and check list of the quadrifid Noctuoidea of Europe. Entomological Press, Sorø, 448 pp. ISBN 978-87-89430-18-8. Reference page.
Zaspel, J.M., Weller, S.J., Wardwell, C.T., Zahiri, R. & Wahlberg, N. 2014. Phylogeny and Evolution of Pharmacophagy in Tiger Moths (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae). PLoS ONE 9(7): e101975. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0101975 Reference page.
Zenker, M.M., Wahlberg, N., Brehm, G., Teston, J.A., Przybylowicz, L., Pie, M.R. & Freitas, A.V.L. 2017. Systematics and origin of moths in the subfamily Arctiinae (Lepidoptera, Erebidae) in the Neotropical region. Zoologica scripta 46(3): 348–362. DOI: 10.1111/zsc.12202 Reference page.

The Syntomini are a tribe of moths in the family Erebidae. The tribe was erected by Gottlieb August Wilhelm Herrich-Schäffer in 1846.
Taxonomy

The tribe used to be classified in the subfamily Ctenuchinae of the family Arctiidae.

The wingspan of a Syntomini is about 11-14 millimeters. Their abdomen can wither be completely yellow or be black with a band of yellow around it.[1]
Genera

The following genera are included in the tribe.

Amata Fabricius, 1807
Anapisa Kiriakoff, 1952
Apisa Walker, 1855
Auriculoceryx Holloway, 1988
Automolis Hübner, 1819
Balacra Walker, 1856
Bergeria Kiriakoff, 1952
Cacosoma (Boisduval, 1847)
Caeneressa Obraztsov, 1957
Ceryx Wallengren, 1863
Dysauxes Hübner, [1819]
Eressa Walker, 1854
Gippius Walker, 1855
Hippurarctia Kiriakoff, 1953
Meganaclia Aurivillius, 1892
Melisa Walker, 1854
Melisoides Strand, 1912
Metamicroptera Hulstaert, 1923
Metarctia Walker, 1855
Microbergeria Kiriakoff, 1972
Nacliodes Strand, 1912
Neobalacra Kiriakoff, 1952
Neophemula Kiriakoff, 1957
Oligamatites Kusnetzov, 1928
Owambarctia Kiriakoff, 1957
Paramelisa Aurivillius, 1906
Pseudmelisa Hampson, 1910
Pseudodiptera Kaye, 1918
Pseudothyretes Dufrane, 1945
Rhipidarctia Kiriakoff, 1953
Streptophlebia Hampson, 1898
Syntomoides Hampson, 1893
Thyretes Boisduval, 1847
Trichaetoides Holloway, 1988