Pyralini

Life-forms

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Cladus: Protostomia
Cladus: Ecdysozoa
Cladus: Panarthropoda
Phylum: Arthropoda
Subphylum: Hexapoda
Classis: Insecta
Cladus: Dicondylia
Subclassis: Pterygota
Cladus: Metapterygota
Infraclassis: Neoptera
Cladus: Eumetabola
Cladus: Endopterygota
Superordo: Panorpida
Cladus: Amphiesmenoptera
Ordo: Lepidoptera
Subordo: Glossata
Cladus: Coelolepida
Cladus: Myoglossata
Cladus: Neolepidoptera
Infraordo: Heteroneura
Cladus: Eulepidoptera
Cladus: Ditrysia
Cladus: Apoditrysia
Cladus: Obtectomera
Superfamilia: Pyraloidea

Familia: Pyralidae
Subfamilia: Pyralinae
Tribus: Pyralini
Genus: Actenia – Aglossa – Amphiderita – Arescoptera – Arippara – Arispe – Bejuda – Bleone – Bostra – Buzala – Catocrosis – Cisse – Curena – Datanoides – Dolichomia – Gauna – Herculia – Hypsopygia – Lixa – Loryma – Macna – Mapeta – Maradana – Micromastra – Minooa – Neodavisia – Ocrasa – Orthopygia – Orybina – Paleca – Parasopia – Poaphila – Pseudasopia – Pyralestos – Pyralis – Scenedra – Scenidiopsis – Scotomera – Stemmatophora – Sybrida – Synaphe – Taboga – Tamraca – Tanaobela – Tanyethira – Tegulifera – Therapne – Tetroperyx – Trebania – Tretopteryx – Ulotricha – Vitessa

Name

Pyralini Latreille, 1809
References

Lee, B.-W. ; Y.-S. Bae & H. Yoshimoto, 2007: A review of the tribe Pyralini Latreille (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae: Pyralinae) from Korea. Transactions of the Lepidopterological Society of Japan 58(1): 47–68. Abstract and full article: [1].
Leraut, P., 2006: Study of some genera of Pyralinae (Lepidoptera, Pyralidae). Nouvelle Revue d'Entomologie 23 (1): 57–74.
Mey, W., 2011: New and little known species of Lepidoptera of southwestern Africa. Esperiana Buchreihe zur Entomologie Memoir 6: 146–261.
Solis, M.A. & M. Shaffer, 1999: Contribution towards the study of the Pyralinae (Pyralidae): historical review, morphology, and nomenclature. Journal of the Lepidopterists' Society 53 (1): 1–10. Full article: [2].
Yamanaka, H., 1996: A new genus and species of the Pyralinae from Japan (Lepiodoptera, Pyralidae). Tinea 14 (4): 260–263.

Links

Global information system on pyraloidea [3].

The Pyralini are a tribe of snout moths described by Pierre André Latreille in 1809. They belong to the subfamily Pyralinae, which contains the "typical" snout moths of the Old World and some other regions. The genus list presented here is provisional.

They are deemed to represent the lineage around the type species, the meal moth (Pyralis farinalis), a somewhat notorious pest of stored cereals and similar goods. Like this species, Pyralini are usually largish snout moths; some are boldly colored (often in bright brown to yellow hues) by standards of their family.

Systematics and taxonomy

While the Pyralini are a successful radiation even as presently circumscribed, this delimitation is highly provisional. It is very likely that more genera belong here (unknown Pyralinae are still being discovered on a regular basis), and perhaps the group will turn out to be so large or phylogenetically inconsistent that it will be split apart. Pending a detailed analysis, the following genera are placed here (some notable species are also listed):[1]
Adult gold triangle (Hypsopygia costalis)
Synaphe punctalis was once proposed as type species of a lineage distinct from the Pyralini, but this remains unverified.

Actenia Guenée in Boisduval & Guenée, 1854
Actenia brunnealis
Aglossa
Amphiderita Turner, 1925
Arescoptera Turner, 1911
Arippara Walker, [1863]
Arispe Ragonot, 1891
Bostra Walker, 1863
Cardamyla Walker, 1859
Catocrocis Ragonot, 1891
Curena Walker, [1866]
Dolichomia Ragonot, 1891 (mostly placed in Hypsopygia)
Essina Ragonot, 1891
Fujimacia Marumo, 1939
Gauna Walker, [1866]
Gauna aegusalis
Herculia (mostly placed in Hypsopygia)
Hypsopygia
Lixa Walker, [1866]
Macna Walker, [1859]
Mapeta
Maradana Moore, 1884
Micromastra Schaus, 1940
Neodavisia Barnes & McDunnough, 1914
Ocrasa (including Orthopygia, mostly placed in Hypsopygia)
Perisseretma Warren, 1895
Pseudasopia Grote, 1873 (mostly placed in Hypsopygia)
Pyralis Linnaeus, 1758
Pyralis farinalis – meal moth
Pyralis manihotalis
Pyralis pictalis – Poplar pyralis, painted meal moth
Scenedra Meyrick, 1884
Scenedra decoratalis
Scenidiopis Turner, 1904
Stemmatophora Guenée in Boisduval & Guenée, 1854
Synaphe Hübner, [1825]
Synaphe punctalis
Taboga Dyar, 1914
Tanyethira Turner, 1911
Therapne Ragonot, 1890
Trebania Ragonot, 1892
Trebania flavifrontalis (Leech, 1889)
Tretopteryx Ragonot, 1890
Ulotricha Lederer, 1863
Vitessa Moore, [1860]

Numerous Pyralinae genera have not yet been assigned to a tribe, and in general the subfamily is in need of thorough revision. Some genera have explicitly been allied with Pyralini genera in the past and might more likely than others be members of the present subfamily:[2]

Loryma Walker, 1859
Scotomera Butler, 1881
Tegulifera Saalmüller, 1880
Zitha Walker, [1866] (including Tamraca)

Tanaobela is a more complicated case; it has by some authors been assigned to the grass moths (Crambidae, formerly included in the Pyralidae). Others have placed it in the Pyralini, which may well be correct.[2]
Synonyms

The Pyralini have some objective junior synonyms due to misidentifications of specimens by early entomologists. In addition, presumed lineages around Aglossa, Mapeta (= Homalochroa) and Synaphe (= Cledeobia) were once considered taxonomically distinct, often even as subfamilies, but are today included in the present tribe. While they are not likely to be subfamilies, their actual taxonomic status will be determined by future analyses. The presently-obsolete synonyms of Pyralini are:[3]

Aglossinae A.Blanchard, 1840
Asopidae Guenée, 1854
Asopiinae Guenée, 1854
Cledeobiinae A.Blanchard, 1840
Homalochroidae Lederer, 1863
Homalochroinae Lederer, 1863

Footnotes

Solis (2007), Wikispecies (2011-MAY-29), but see references in Savela (2011)
Wikispecies (29 May 2011) contra references in Savela (2011)

See references in Savela (2011)

References

Data related to Pyralini at Wikispecies

Savela, Markku (2011): Markku Savela's Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms: Pyralinae. Version of 3 March 2011. Retrieved 29 May 2011.
Solis, M. Alma (2007): Phylogenetic studies and modern classification of the Pyraloidea (Lepidoptera). Revista Colombiana de Entomología 33(1): 1-8 [English with Spanish abstract]. HTML fulltext