Polyergus samurai

Life-forms

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Cladus: Protostomia
Cladus: Ecdysozoa
Cladus: Panarthropoda
Phylum: Arthropoda
Subphylum: Hexapoda
Classis: Insecta
Cladus: Dicondylia
Subclassis: Pterygota
Cladus: Metapterygota
Infraclassis: Neoptera
Cladus: Eumetabola
Cladus: Endopterygota
Superordo: Hymenopterida
Ordo: Hymenoptera
Subordo: Apocrita
Superfamilia: Formicoidea

Familia: Formicidae
Subfamilia: Formicinae
Tribus: Formicini
Genus: Polyergus
Species: Polyergus samurai
Subspecies: P. s. mandarin – P. s. samurai
Name
Polyergus samurai Yano, 1911

Polyergus samurai is a species of slave-making ant in the subfamily Formicinae.

Distribution

It was long thought endemic to Japan,[1] but is now also known from Korea and northeastern China.[2][3]
Description

The queen and workers of this slave-maker ant species are black or dark brown in color (unlike the more western species) generally matching the host species in color.
Behavior

Like other species of the genus, it is a parasite to host Formica ant species. The colony begins when a young queen leaves her parent colony and mates. The queen then searches for a suitable host colony. When the P. samurai queen invades the host Formica japonica colony, she kills the resident Formica queen or queens and adopts the colony's scent. She then takes the role as queen, laying eggs destined to become her first "slave"-makers. When the original Formica work force is starting to die out, the new workers of the colony begin to search for other colonies of the Formica to raid. Once a colony is located, workers will gather above the nest before leaving in a large group to the nest. Once workers reach the host Formica nest they rush in and attempt to steal as many large larvae and pupae as possible before returning to the nest with them, destined to become workers for the P. samurai colony. Such raids never kill the queen of suitable host Formica species, so the colony can be raided repeatedly over the summer.
References

Social Insects Specialist Group (1996). "Polyergus samurai". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 1996: e.T17930A7637638. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.1996.RLTS.T17930A7637638.en. Retrieved 16 November 2021.
Trager, James C. (2013). "Global revision of the genus Polyergus". Zootaxa. 3722 (4): 501–548. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3722.4.5.
Купянская А. Н. 1990. Муравьи Дальнего Востока СССР. – Владивосток: ДВО АН СССР. – 258 с. (с.209–210)