Myrmeciinae

Life-forms

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Cladus: Protostomia
Cladus: Ecdysozoa
Cladus: Panarthropoda
Phylum: Arthropoda
Subphylum: Hexapoda
Classis: Insecta
Cladus: Dicondylia
Subclassis: Pterygota
Cladus: Metapterygota
Infraclassis: Neoptera
Cladus: Eumetabola
Cladus: Endopterygota
Superordo: Hymenopterida
Ordo: Hymenoptera
Subordo: Apocrita
Superfamilia: Formicoidea

Familia: Formicidae
Subfamilia: Myrmeciinae
Tribus: Myrmeciini - Prionomyrmecini
Overview of genera (8)

Myrmecia – Nothomyrmecia – †Archimyrmex – †Avitomyrmex – †Macabeemyrma – †Myrmeciites – †Prionomyrmex – †Ypresiomyrma
Name

Myrmeciinae Emery, 1877

References

Archibald, S.B.; Cover, S.P.; Moreau, C.S. 2006: Bulldog ants of the Eocene Okanogan Highlands and the history of the subfamily (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Myrmeciinae) Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 99(3): 487–523. PDF PDF

Vernacular names
日本語: キバハリアリ亜科

Myrmeciinae is a subfamily of the Formicidae, ants once found worldwide but now restricted to Australia and New Caledonia. This subfamily is one of several ant subfamilies which possess gamergates, female worker ants which are able to mate and reproduce, thus sustaining the colony after the loss of the queen.[2] The Myrmeciinae subfamily was formerly composed of only one genus, Myrmecia, but the subfamily was redescribed by Ward & Brady in 2003 to include two tribes and four genera:[3] An additional three genera, one form genus, and 9 species were described in 2006 from the Early Eocene of Denmark, Canada, and Washington.[4] Subsequently an additional fossil genus was moved from the family Rhopalosomatidae in 2018, and a new genus was described in 2021.

Tribes and genera

Tribe Myrmeciini Emery, 1877
Myrmecia Fabricius, 1804
Tribe Prionomyrmecini Wheeler, 1915
Nothomyrmecia Clark, 1934
†Prionomyrmex Mayr, 1868
Tribe incertae sedis
†Archimyrmex Cockerell, 1923
†Avitomyrmex Archibald, Cover & Moreau, 2006
†Macabeemyrma Archibald, Cover & Moreau, 2006
†Propalosoma Dlussky & Rasnitsyn, 1999
†Tyrannomecia Jouault & Nel, 2021
†Ypresiomyrma Archibald, Cover & Moreau, 2006
Form genus (for species belonging to the subfamily but not identifiable to current genera)
†Myrmeciites Archibald, Cover & Moreau, 2006

The Late Aptian Crato Formation genus Cariridris is sometimes included in Myrmeciinae, though it has also been classified as an Ampulicidae genus. Two undescribed specimens in the Staatliches Museum für Naturkunde Stuttgart are known, suggesting a myrmeciine affinity.[5]
Classification

The subfamily Myrmeciinae was established by Italian entomologist Carlo Emery in 1877 under the original name Myrmeciidae.[6] It was named after the genus Myrmecia, the type genus of the subfamily.[7] In 1882, the subfamily was treated as a tribe by French entomologist Ernest André within the former ant family Myrmicidae, but it would later be moved to the family Poneridae in 1905.[8][9]
See also

List of Myrmecia species

References

Bolton, B. (2013), "An online catalog of the ants of the world.", AntCat, retrieved 22 September 2013
Dietemann, Vincent; Peeters, Christian; Hölldobler, Bert (2004). "Gamergates in the Australian ant subfamily Myrmeciinae". Naturwissenschaften. 91 (9): 432–435. Bibcode:2004NW.....91..432D. doi:10.1007/s00114-004-0549-1. PMID 15278223.
Ward, Philip S.; Brady, Seán G. (2003). "Phylogeny and biogeography of the ant subfamily Myrmeciinae (Hymenoptera : Formicidae)" (PDF). Invertebrate Systematics. 17 (3): 361–386. doi:10.1071/IS02046.
Archibald, S.B.; Cover, S. P.; Moreau, C. S. (2006). "Bulldog Ants of the Eocene Okanagan Highlands and History of the Subfamily (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Myrmeciinae)" (PDF). Annals of the Entomological Society of America. 99 (3): 487–523. doi:10.1603/0013-8746(2006)99[487:BAOTEO]2.0.CO;2.
Martill, D.M., Bechly, G. and Loveridge, R.F. (2007). The Crato fossil beds of Brazil: window into an ancient world. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-85867-4, ISBN 978-0-521-85867-0
Emery, Carlo (1877). "Saggio di un ordinamento naturale dei Mirmicidei e considerazioni sulla filogenesi delle formiche" (PDF). Bullettino della Società Entomologica Italiana. 9: 67–83. doi:10.5281/zenodo.25408.
Reiskind, Jonathan (1983). "Request for a ruling to correct homonymy in names of the family-groups based on Myrmecia (Insecta) and Myrmecium (Arachnida)". Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature. 40: 43–44.
André, Ernest (1882). "Les fourmis (continuation)" (PDF). Species des Hyménoptères d'Europe et d'Algérie. 2: 233–280. doi:10.5281/zenodo.27099.
Ashmead, William H. (1905). "A skeleton of a new arrangement of the families, subfamilies, tribes and genera of the ants, or the superfamily Formicoidea" (PDF). The Canadian Entomologist. 37 (11): 381–384. doi:10.4039/Ent37381-11.