Eustylini

Life-forms

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Cladus: Protostomia
Cladus: Ecdysozoa
Cladus: Panarthropoda
Phylum: Arthropoda
Subphylum: Hexapoda
Classis: Insecta
Cladus: Dicondylia
Subclassis: Pterygota
Cladus: Metapterygota
Infraclassis: Neoptera
Cladus: Eumetabola
Cladus: Endopterygota
Superordo: Coleopterida
Ordo: Coleoptera
Subordo: Polyphaga
Superfamilia: Curculionoidea

Familia: Curculionidae
Subfamilia: Entiminae
Tribus: Eustylini
Genera (20): Achrastenus – Anidius – Brachyomus – Brachystylus – Coconotus – Compsus – Diaprepes – Eustylus – Exophthalmus – Exorides – Galapagonotus – Oxyderces – Parthenides – Phaops – Phaopsis – Pseudeustylus – Scelianoma – Simophorus – Synthlibonotus – Xestogaster
Name

Eustylini Lacordaire, 1863

Primary references

Lacordaire, T. 1863: Histoire Naturelle des Insectes. Genera des Coléoptères ou exposé méthodique et critique de tous les genres proposés jusqu'ici dans cet ordre d'insectes. Vol.: 6. Roret. Paris: 637 pp.

References

Franz, N.M. 2010: Redescriptions of critical type species in the Eustylini Lacordaire (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Entiminae). Journal of natural history, 44(1-2): 41–80. DOI: 10.1080/00222930903383495 Reference page.

Eustylini is a primarily Neotropical weevil tribe in the subfamily Entiminae.[1]

Taxonomy

The tribe Eustylini was named for the first time by Jean-Baptiste Henri Lacordaire in 1863,[2] although, when first named, the tribe (Groupe Eustylides, p. 205) only contained three genera: Aptolemus (currently in Naupactini), Brachystylus, and Eustylus.

In 1986 the Eustylini contained most of its current genera, mostly due to revised taxonomic placements made by Guillermo Kuschel.[3][1] The latest additions were made by Franz in 2012 by transferring former members of other tribes including Geonemini, Phyllobiini, and Tanymecini.[4]

The type species of some genera (Compsus, Diaprepes, Eustylus, Exorides, and Exophthalmus) were redescribed by Franz.[5] Most species of Eustylini are only known from their original descriptions.[6]
Description

A diagnosis for the tribe was offered by Girón 2020:[6]

Medium to large weevils (approx. 10–25 mm); scale coverage highly variable in presence, density and coloration; iridescent scales, erect setae or waxy secretions are frequently present; surface smooth and even or strongly sculptured and irregular; head (including rostrum) subrectangular, nearly as long or longer than wide; eyes small to mid-sized, slightly dorsally positioned; frons usually as wide as or narrower than interantennal distance, often bearing median fovea; rostrum nearly parallel-sided or broadened apically; dorsal surface of rostrum with variable elevations or depressions, including longitudinal carinae or oblique fossae; antennal scrobe generally fully visible in dorsal view; nasal plate usually well developed, either depressed, flat or elevated regarding surface of rostrum; anterior margin of prothorax in lateral view straight, seldom slightly sinuate, never forming conspicuous postocular lobe; postocular setae may be present, if so, forming a fringe instead of a tuft; elytral shoulders usually well-developed, absent in Brachyomus, reduced in some Compsus and Exorides; tubercles and apical projections may be present on elytra; femora usually not toothed (except in some Eustylus).
— J.C. Girón, Status of knowledge of the broad-nosed weevils of Colombia (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Entiminae).

Heads in dorsal view: A Exophthalmus B Synthlibonotus C Exorides D Eustylus with characteristic broad antennal scape.
Distribution

Eustylini ranges from south-western USA to Argentina, with its highest diversity in the Caribbean, Central America and northern South America.[1][3][7]
Genera

The tribe Eustylini currently includes 25 genera and 339 sdescribed species:[3][4]

Achrastenus Horn, 1876 [8]
Anidius Kuschel, 1955 [9]
Brachyomus Lacordaire, 1863 [2]
Brachystylus Schönherr, 1845 [10]
Chauliopleurus Champion, 1911 [11]
Compsoricus Franz, 2012 [4]
Coconotus Anderson & Lanteri, 2002 [12]
Compsus Schönherr, 1823 [13]
Diaprepes Schönherr, 1823 [13]
Eustylus Schönherr, 1842 [14]
Exophthalmus Schönherr, 1823 [13]
Exorides Pascoe, 1881 [15]
Galapagonotus Anderson & Lanteri, 2002 [12]
Oxyderces Schönherr, 1823 [13]
Pachnaeus Schönherr, 1826 [16]
Parthenides Kuschel, 1986 [3]
Phaops Sahlberg, 1823 [17]
Phaopsis Kuschel, 1955 [9]
Pseudeustylus Champion, 1911 [11]
Rhinospathe Chevrolat, 1878 [18]
Simophorus Faust, 1892 [19]
Synthlibonotus Schönherr, 1847 [20]
Tetrabothynus Labram & Imhoff, [1852] [21]
Tropirhinus Schönherr, 1823 [13]
Xestogaster Marshall, 1922 [22]

References

Alonso-Zarazaga, M. A.; Lyal, C. H. C. (1999). A world catalogue of families and genera of Curculionoidea (Insecta: Coleoptera) excluding Scolytidae and Platypodidae (PDF). Barcelona, Spain: Entomopraxis. pp. 315 pp.
Lacordaire, T. (1863). Histoire Naturelle des Insectes. Genera des Coléoptères ou exposé méthodique et critique de tous les genres proposés jusqu'ici dans cet ordre d'insectes. Vol. 6. Paris: Roret. pp. 637 pp.
Wibmer, G. J.; O’Brien, C. W. (1986). "Annotated checklist of the weevils (Curculionidae sensu lato) of South America (Coleoptera: Curculionoidea)". Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute. 39: 1–563.
Franz, Nico M. (2012). "Phylogenetic reassessment of the Exophthalmus genus complex (Curculionidae: Entiminae: Eustylini, Geonemini)". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 164 (3): 510–557. doi:10.1111/j.1096-3642.2011.00774.x. ISSN 0024-4082.
Franz, Nico M. (2009). "Redescriptions of critical type species in the Eustylini Lacordaire (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Entiminae)". Journal of Natural History. 44 (1–2): 41–80. doi:10.1080/00222930903383495. ISSN 0022-2933. S2CID 3579230.
Girón, Jennifer C. (2020). "Status of knowledge of the broad-nosed weevils of Colombia (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Entiminae)". Neotropical Biology and Conservation. 15 (4): 583–674. doi:10.3897/neotropical.15.e59713. ISSN 2236-3777. S2CID 231708108.
O’Brien, C.W.; Wibmer, G.J. (1982). "Annotated checklist of the weevils (Curculionidae sensu lato) of North America, Central America, and the West Indies (Coleoptera: Curculionoidea)". Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute. 34: 1–382.
LeConte, John L.; Horn, George H. (1876). "The Rhynchophora of America, North of Mexico". Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society. 15 (96): vii–442. ISSN 0003-049X. JSTOR 982412.
Kuschel, G. (1955). "Nuevas sinonimias y anotaciones sobre Curculionoidea" (PDF). Revista Chilena de Entomología. 4: 261–312.
Schönherr, C. J.; Boheman, C. H.; Fåhraeus, Olof Immanuel; Gyllenhal, L. (1845). Genera et species Curculionidum, cum synonymia hujus familae species novæ. Vol. 8. Paris: Roret. p. 504.
Sharp, D.; Champion, G.C. (1911). Biologia Centrali-Americana. Insecta. Coleoptera. Volume 4. part 3. Rhynchophora. Curculionidae. London: R. H. Porter. pp. 354 pp. + 15 pl.
Anderson, Robert S.; Lanteri, Analia A. (2000). "New genera and species of weevils from the Galapagos Islands, Ecuador, and Cocos Island, Costa Rica (Coleoptera; Curculionidae; Entiminae; Entimini)". American Museum Novitates (3299): 1–15. doi:10.1206/0003-0082(2000)299<0001:NGASOW>2.0.CO;2. ISSN 0003-0082. S2CID 55544499.
Schönherr, C. J. (1823). Curculionides [Tabula synoptica familiae Curculionidum]. Jena: Isis von Oken. pp. 1132–1146.
Schönherr, C.J. (1842). Genera et species Curculionidum, cum synonymia hujus familiae. Species novae aut hactenus minus cognitae, descriptionibus a Dom. Leonardo Gyllenhal, C. H. Boheman, et entomologis aliis illustratae, tomus sextus, pars secunda. Paris: Roret. pp. 495 pp.
Pascoe, Francis P. (1881-01-01). "VI.—New neotropical Curculionidæ.—Part IV". Annals and Magazine of Natural History. 7 (37): 38–45. doi:10.1080/00222938109459470. ISSN 0374-5481.
Schönherr, C.J. (1826). IV Curculionidum dispositio methodica cum generum characteribus, descriptionibus atque observationibus variis seu Prodromus ad Synonymiae Insectorum. Lipsiae: Apud Fridericum Fleischer.
Sahlberg, C.R. (1823). Periculi entomographici, species insectorum nondum descriptas proposituri, fasciculus. Aboae: Frenckel. pp. 82 pp.
Chevrolat, L.A.A. (1878). "(donne la description d'un genre de Curculionidae)". Annales de la Société Entomologique de France. Cinquième Série. Tome huitième: IX–X.
Faust, J. (1892). "Reise von E. Simon in Venezuela. Curculionidae. Pars prima". Stettiner Entomologische Zeitung. 53: 1–44.
Schönherr, C.J. (1847). Mantissa secunda familiae curculionidum. Seu descriptiones novorum quorundam generum curculionidum. Holmiae: Typis Norstedt et filii. pp. 86 pp.
Labram, J. David.; Imhoff, L. (1838). Singulorum Generum Curculionidum unam Alteramve speciem additis iconibus a David Labram ad Naturam Delineatis illustravit L. Imhoff. Die Gattung der Rüsselkäfer erlautert ... Basel: Schweighauser'sche Buchh. p. 598.
Marshall, Guy A. K. (1922). "VI. On New Genera and Species of Neotropical Curculionidae". Transactions of the Royal Entomological Society of London. 70 (1–2): 181–224. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2311.1922.tb02830.x. ISSN 1365-2311.