Apamea

Life-forms

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Cladus: Protostomia
Cladus: Ecdysozoa
Cladus: Panarthropoda
Phylum: Arthropoda
Subphylum: Hexapoda
Classis: Insecta
Cladus: Dicondylia
Subclassis: Pterygota
Cladus: Metapterygota
Infraclassis: Neoptera
Cladus: Eumetabola
Cladus: Endopterygota
Superordo: Coleopterida
Ordo: Coleoptera
Subordo: Polyphaga
Infraordo: Cucujiformia
Superfamilia: Tenebrionoidea

Familia: Meloidae
Subfamilia: Nemognathinae
Tribus: Sitarini
Genus: Apalus
Species: A. asiaticus – A. bimaculatus – A. binaevus – A. bipunctatus – A. cinctus – A. creticus – A. davidis – A. guerini – A. haemapterus – A. mongolicus – A. montanus – A. mulsanti – A. necydaleus – A. plagiatus – A. subfasciatus – A. sulcithorax
Name

Apalus Fabricius, 1775
References

Atlas of Meloidae of Russia

Apalus is a genus of blister beetle from the family Meloidae. The species within the genus Apalus are parasitoids of solitary bees of the families Colletidae and Anthophoridae.[1]
Species

The following species are classified under the genus Apalus:[2]

Apalus bimaculatus (Linnaeus, 1761)
Apalus binaevus (Prochazka, 1892)
Apalus bipunctatus Germar, 1817
Apalus creticus (Frivaldsky, 1877)
Apalus gibbicollis Borchmann, 1910
Apalus guerini (Mulsant, 1858)
Apalus longipennis Pic, 1913
Apalus montanus Escherich, 1897
Apalus necydaleus (Pallas, 1782)
Apalus spectabilis E.Frivaldsky, 1835

References

M. A. Bologna & J. D. Pinto (2002). "The Old World genera of Meloidae (Coleoptera): a key and synopsis" (PDF). Journal of Natural History. 36: 2013–2102. doi:10.1080/00222930110062318.
"Apalus Fabricius, 1775". GBIF Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Retrieved 24 June 2018.Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Cladus: Protostomia
Cladus: Ecdysozoa
Cladus: Panarthropoda
Phylum: Arthropoda
Subphylum: Hexapoda
Classis: Insecta
Cladus: Dicondylia
Subclassis: Pterygota
Cladus: Metapterygota
Infraclassis: Neoptera
Cladus: Eumetabola
Cladus: Endopterygota
Superordo: Panorpida
Cladus: Amphiesmenoptera
Ordo: Lepidoptera
Subordo: Glossata
Cladus: Coelolepida
Cladus: Myoglossata
Cladus: Neolepidoptera
Infraordo: Heteroneura
Cladus: Eulepidoptera
Cladus: Ditrysia
Cladus: Apoditrysia
Cladus: Obtectomera
Cladus: Macroheterocera
Superfamilia: Noctuoidea

Familia: Noctuidae
Subfamilia: Noctuinae
Tribus: Apameini
Subtribus: Apameina
Genus: Apamea
Subgenera: A. (Alexapamea) – Apamea – A. (Cernauncus) – A. (Digitapamea) – A. (Hirudapamea) – A. (Lateroligia) – A. (Mixtapamea) – Vovapamea
Overview of species

A. askoldis – A. bernardino – A. commixta – A. denticulosa – A. gabrieli – A. hikosana – A. kawadai – A. kyushuensis – A. minoc – A. permixta – A. ramonae – A. rectificata – A. scoparia – A. sphagnicola – A. striata – A. yunnana
References
Additional references

Babics, J. & Benedek, B. 2011. Three new Noctuidae taxa (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae) from Iran with taxonomic comment on the Parabrachionycha-subgenus of Polymixis. Esperiana Buchreihe zur Entomologie 16: 198–206. Reference page.
Benedek, B. ; A. Saldaitis & J. Babics, 2011: New Apameini species (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae) and one new genus from Western Sichuan. Esperiana Buchreihe zur Entomologie 16: 94–98.
Gyulai, P. ; L. Ronkay & A. Saldaitis, 2011: New Noctuidae species from China and the Himalayas (Lepidoptera: Noctuoidea). Esperiana Buchreihe zur Entomologie 16: 166–197.
Haruta, T. & S. Sugi, 1958: A new species of Apamea (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae, Amphipyrinae). Tinea 4 (2): 271–272.
Hreblay, M. & Plante, J. 1995. Description de 12 espèces nouvelles du Népal et de Chine et d’un genre nouveau (Lépidoptères, Noctuidae). Lambillionea 95: 539–550. Reference page.
Kononenko, V., 2006, Apamea permixta, sp. n., from China - the putative sister species of A. commixta (Butler) (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae: Xyleninae: Apameini Zootaxa 1371: 37–43.
Kononenko, V.S. & Kauri Mikkola, 1997: Apamea yunnana sp. n. (Lepidoptera: Nuctuidae) from northern Yunnan, China. Entomologica Fennica 8 (2): 83–85.
Pekarsky, O. 2014b: Contribution to the knowledge of Noctuidae fauna of Bering island. Fibigeriana 2 (supplement): 177–200. Reference page.
Sugi, S., 1955 : Descriptions of two new Japanese Noctuidae (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Tinea 2 (1/2): 105–108.
Sugi, S., 1958: Notes on some Japanese genera of the Noctuidae with descriptions of new species. Tinea 4 (1): 179–199.
Todd, E.L., 1982: The Noctuid type material of John B. Smith (Lepidoptera). U.S. Department of Agriculture Technical Bulletin 1645: 1–228.
Wagner, W. 2015. Apamea ramonae n. sp. and Apamea sphagnicola centralazorensis n. ssp. — two new noctuid taxa (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae, Xyleninae, Apameini) from the Azores (Portugal) in westernmost Europe. Nachrichten des Entomologischen Vereins Apollo N.F. 36(1): 21–29. Full article zobodat (PDF). Reference page.
Zilli, A. ; Z. Varga ; G. Ronkay & L. Ronkay, 2009: A Taxonomic Atlas of the Eurasian and North African Noctuoidea: Apameini I. The Witt Catalogue Volume 3: 1–393.

Apamea is a genus of moths in the family Noctuidae first described by Ferdinand Ochsenheimer in 1816.[1]

Some Apamea species are pest insects. The larval Apamea niveivenosa is a cutworm known as a pest of grain crops in North America.[2] The larva of A. apamiformis is the rice worm, the most serious insect pest of cultivated wild rice in the Upper Midwest of the United States.[3]

Selected species

Apamea acera (Smith, 1900)
Apamea albina (Grote, 1874)
Apamea alia (Guenée, 1852)
Apamea alpigena (Boisduval, [1837])
Apamea alticola (Smith, 1891)
Apamea altijuga (Kozhantshikov, 1925)
Apamea amputatrix (Fitch, 1857) – yellow-headed cutworm
Apamea anceps (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775) – large nutmeg
Apamea antennata (Smith, 1891)
Apamea apamiformis (Guenée, 1852) – rice worm, wild rice worm
Apamea aquila Donzel, 1837
Apamea arabs (Oberthür, 1881)
Apamea assimilis (Doubleday, 1847)
Apamea atriclava (Barnes & McDunnough, 1913)
Apamea atrosuffusa (Barnes & McDunnough, 1913) (syn. A. grotei (Barnes & McDunnough, 1914))
Apamea auranticolor (Grote, 1873)
Apamea baischi Hacker, 1989
Apamea barbara (Berio, 1940)
Apamea basimacula Boisduval, 1833
Apamea bernardino Mikkola & Mustelin 2000
Apamea boopis (Hampson, 1908)
Apamea brunnea (Leech, 1900)
Apamea brunnescens Kononenko, 1985
Apamea burgessi (Morrison, 1874)
Apamea caesia Hreblay & Ronkay, 1998
Apamea cariosa (Guenée, 1852) – nondescript dagger moth
Apamea centralis (Smith, 1891)
Apamea chalybeata (Walker, 1865)
Apamea chhiringi Hreblay, 1998
Apamea chinensis (Leech, 1900)
Apamea cinefacta (Grote, 1881)
Apamea cogitata (Smith, 1891) – thoughtful apamea
Apamea commixta (Butler, 1881)
Apamea commoda (Walker, 1857) – southern Quaker
Apamea commoda commoda (Walker, 1857)
Apamea commoda parcata (Smith, 1903)
Apamea commoda striolata Mikkola, 2009
Apamea concinna (Leech, 1900)
Apamea contradicta (Smith, 1895) – northern banded Quaker
Apamea crenata Hufnagel, 1766 – clouded-bordered brindle
Apamea cristata (Grote, 1878)
Apamea cuculliformis (Grote, 1875)
Apamea cyanea (Hampson, 1908)
Apamea desegaulxi Viette, 1928
Apamea devastator Brace, 1819 – glassy cutworm
Apamea digitula Mikkola and Mustelin, 2006
Apamea dubitans (Walker, 1856) – doubtful apamea
Apamea epomidion (Haworth, 1809) – clouded brindle
Apamea erythrographa Hreblay, Peregovits & Ronkay, 1999
Apamea euxinia Hacker, 1985
Apamea exstincta (Staudinger, 1892)
Apamea fasciata (Leech, 1900)
Apamea fergusoni Mikkola & Lafontaine, 2009
Apamea ferrago (Eversmann, 1837)
Apamea fervida (Hampson, 1908)
Apamea furva (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775) – the confused
Apamea gabrieli Mikkola & Mustelin 2000
Apamea ganeshi Hreblay, 1998
Apamea gangtoki Hreblay & Ronkay, 1998
Apamea geminimacula (Dyar, 1904)
Apamea genialis (Grote, 1874)
Apamea glenura (Swinhoe, 1895)
Apamea glenurina Hreblay & Ronkay, 1999
Apamea goateri Hacker, 2001
Apamea goperma Hreblay & Ronkay, 1999
Apamea gratissima Hreblay & Ronkay, 1999
Apamea griveaudi Viette, 1967
Apamea groenlandica (Duponchel, [1838])
Apamea hampsoni Sugi, 1963
Apamea heinickei Hreblay, 1998
Apamea helva (Grote, 1875) – yellow three-spot
Apamea illyria Freyer, 1846
Apamea impedita (Christoph, 1887)
Apamea impulsa (Guenée, 1852)
Apamea indocilis (Walker, 1856) – ignorant apamea
Apamea inebriata Ferguson, 1977 – drunk apamea
Apamea inficita (Walker, 1857) – lined Quaker
Apamea inordinata (Morrison, 1875)
Apamea kaszabi Varga, 1982
Apamea kumari Hreblay & Ronkay, 1999
Apamea lateritia (Hufnagel, 1766) – scarce brindle
Apamea leucodon (Eversmann, 1837)
Apamea lieni Hreblay, 1998
Apamea lignea (Butler, 1889)
Apamea lignicolora (Guenée, 1852) – wood-coloured Quaker
Apamea lintneri Grote, 1873
Apamea lithoxylaea Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775 – light arches
Apamea longula (Grote, 1879)
Apamea lutosa (Andrews, 1877) – opalescent apamea
Apamea lysis (Fawcett, 1917)
Apamea macronephra Berio, 1959
Apamea magnirena (Boursin, 1943)
Apamea maraschi (Draudt, 1934)
Apamea maroccana (Zerny, 1934)
Apamea maxima (Dyar, 1904)
Apamea michielii Varga, 1976
Apamea mikkolai Hreblay & Ronkay, 1998
Apamea minnecii (Berio, 1939)
Apamea minoica (Fibiger, Schmidt & Zilli, 2005)
Apamea monoglypha Hufnagel, 1766 – dark arches
Apamea nekrasovi Mikkola, Gyulai & Varga, 1997
Apamea nigrior (Smith, 1891) – black-dashed apamea, dark apamea
Apamea nigrostria Hreblay, Peregovits & Ronkay, 1999
Apamea niveivenosa (Grote, 1879) – snowy-veined apamea
Apamea nubila Moore, 1881
Apamea obliviosa (Walker, 1858)
Apamea oblonga (Haworth, 1809) – crescent striped
Apamea occidens (Grote, 1878) – western apamea
Apamea ontakensis Sugi, 1982
Apamea ophiogramma Esper, 1793 – double lobed
Apamea pallifera (Grote, 1877)
Apamea permixta Kononenko, 2006[4]
Apamea perpensa (Grote, 1881)
Apamea perstriata (Hampson, 1908)
Apamea platinea (Treitschke, 1825)
Apamea plutonia (Grote, 1883) – dusky Quaker, dusky apamea
Apamea polyglypha (Staudinger, 1892)
Apamea pseudoaltijuga Grosser, 1985
Apamea purpurina (Hampson, 1908)
Apamea quinteri Mikkola & Lafontaine, 2009
Apamea rectificata Hreblay & Plante, 1995
Apamea relicina (Morrison, 1875)
Apamea relicina relicina (Morrison, 1875)
Apamea relicina migrata (Smith, [1904])
Apamea remissa Hübner, 1809 – dusky brocade
Apamea reseri Hreblay & Ronkay, 1998
Apamea robertsoni Mikkola and Mustelin, 2006
Apamea roedereri Viette, 1976
Apamea rubrirena (Treitschke, 1825)
Apamea rufa (Draudt, 1950)
Apamea rufomedialis (Marumo, 1920)
Apamea rufus (Chang, 1991)
Apamea sanyibaglya Hreblay & Ronkay, 1998
Apamea schawerdae (Draeseke, 1928)
Apamea scolopacina (Esper, 1788) – slender brindle
Apamea scoparia Mikkola, Mustelin & Lafontaine, 2000
Apamea shibuyoides Poole, 1989
Apamea sicula (Turati, 1909)
Apamea sinuata (Moore, 1882)
Apamea siskiyou Mikkola & Lafontaine, 2009
Apamea smythi Franclemont, 1952
Apamea sodalis (Butler, 1878)
Apamea sora (Smith, 1903)
Apamea sordens Hufnagel, 1766 – rustic shoulder-knot
Apamea spaldingi (Smith, 1909) – Spalding's Quaker
Apamea stagmatipennis (Dyar, 1920)
Apamea striata Haruta & Sugi, 1958
Apamea sublustris (Esper, [1788]) – reddish light arches
Apamea submarginata (Leech, 1900)
Apamea submediana (Draudt, 1950)
Apamea superba (Turati, 1926)
Apamea syriaca (Osthelder, 1932)
Apamea tahoeensis Mikkola & Lafontaine, 2009
Apamea taiwana (Wileman, 1914)
Apamea terranea (Butler, 1889)
Apamea unanimis (Hübner, [1813]) – small clouded brindle
Apamea unita (Smith, 1904)
Apamea verbascoides (Guenée, 1852) – boreal apamea, mullein apamea
Apamea veterina (Lederer, 1853)
Apamea vicaria (Püngeler, 1902)
Apamea vulgaris (Grote & Robinson, 1866) – common apamea
Apamea vultuosa (Grote, 1875) – airy apamea
Apamea walshi Lafontaine, 2009
Apamea wasedana Sugi, 1982
Apamea wikeri Quinter & Lafontaine, 2009
Apamea xylodes Mikkola & Lafontaine, 2009
Apamea zeta (Treitschke, 1825)

Former species

Apamea formosensis is now Leucapamea formosensis (Hampson, 1910)
Apamea mixta is now Melanapamea mixta (Grote, 1881)

References

Savela, Markku. "Apamea Ochsenheimer, 1816". Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms. Retrieved June 14, 2019.
"Apamea niveivenosa". Pacific Northwest Moths.
Oelke, E. A. 1993. "Wild rice: Domestication of a native North American genus". p. 235-43. In: Janick, J. and J. E. Simon (eds.), New Crops. Wiley, New York.

Kononenko, V. (2006). Apamea permixta, sp. n., from China - the putative sister species of A. commixta (Butler) (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae: Xyleninae: Apameini). Zootaxa 1371: 37-43.