Anthomyzidae

Life-forms

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Cladus: Protostomia
Cladus: Ecdysozoa
Cladus: Panarthropoda
Phylum: Arthropoda
Subphylum: Hexapoda
Classis: Insecta
Cladus: Dicondylia
Subclassis: Pterygota
Cladus: Metapterygota
Infraclassis: Neoptera
Cladus: Eumetabola
Cladus: Endopterygota
Superordo: Panorpida
Cladus: Antliophora
Ordo: Diptera
Subordo: Brachycera
Infraordo: Muscomorpha
Sectio: Schizophora
Subsectio: Acalyptrata
Superfamilia: Opomyzoidea

Familia: Anthomyzidae
Genera (23 + 3†): Amnonthomyza – Amygdalops – Anagnota – Anthomyza – Apterosepsis – Arganthomyza – Barbarista – Cercagnota – Epischnomyia – Fungomyza – Ischnomyia – Margdalops – Melanthomyza – Mumetopia – Paranthomyza – Quametopia – Receptrixa – Reliquantha – Santhomyza – Scelomyza – Stiphrosoma – Typhamyza – Zealantha – †Grimalantha – †Lacrimyza – †Protanthomyza

Name

Anthomyzidae Czerny, 1903

References

Template:Czerny, 1903

Roháček, J. 2012 (online): New amber fossil Anthomyzidae (Diptera): an unexpected Eocene diversity. Journal of systematic palaeontology, DOI: 10.1080/14772019.2012.691907 ZooBank

Roháček, J. & Barber K.N., 2008: New reduced-winged species of Mumetopia, with analysis of this genus, Chamaebosca and allied genera (Diptera: Anthomyzidae). Acta Societatis Zoologicae Bohemicae 72: 191–215. Full article: [1].

Roháček, J.; Barber, K.N. 2011: Quametopia, a new genus of Nearctic Anthomyzidae (Diptera), with description of two new species, immature stages and life history. European journal of entomology, 108(2): 287–326. [abstract only seen]

Roháček, J.; Tóthová, A.; Vaňhara, J. 2009: Phylogeny and affiliation of European Anthomyzidae (Diptera) based on mitochondrial 12S and 16S rRNA. Zootaxa, 2054: 49–58. Abstract & excerpt
Roháček, J., 2020. Protanthomyza grimaldii sp. nov., a further member of the extinct subfamily Protanthomyzinae (Diptera, Anthomyzidae) from Baltic amber. ZooKeys, 973: 1–15. DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.973.51435 Open access Reference page.

Vernacular names
中文: 花蝇科

Anthomyzidae is small, slender, yellow to black flies with narrow and elongated wings, which may have distinct markings. Some species have greatly reduced wings. Fewer than 100 species are known, mostly from Europe. Although they occur in all major regions, they seem to be most varied in the Holarctic region.

Around 20 diverse genera have been placed in the family. Two, Teratomyza and Teratoptera, are now in the Teratomyzidae, and Cyamops and Stenomicra are in the Stenomicridae. Melanthomyza Malloch from Chile should probably not be retained in the family. The remaining genera are very similar to one another.

Description
Anthomyzidae wing veins

For terms see Morphology of Diptera

These are minute to small (1.3-4.5 mm), slender flies. They are yellow (sometimes with dark spots or stripes) to black in colour. The postverticals on the head are small, convergent or parallel, and rarely absent. Two or three pairs of frontal bristles, which curve backward, are present and usually preceded by one or more weaker bristles. Interfrontal bristles are absent or present. Peristomal bristles ("false vibrissae") are present. In the more common Anthomyza and Paranthomyza, the lower side of femur 1 has a well-developed spine in apical third. Wings are usually long and narrow and immaculate (sometimes marked). Some species are brachypterous. The costa has a subcostal break and the subcosta is incomplete.
Biology
Anthomyza sp. ovipositing on an old (empty) head of grass

Larvae have been reported from decaying dicotyledonous plants, from fungi, and in Europe from leaf sheaths of various grasses and of Typha, Scirpus, and Juncus, from Lipara galls on Phragmites. They may be either phytophagous or saprophagous, but damage to cereals or other plants has not been reported.

Adults are usually found in moist habitats such as damp meadows, marshes, bogs, and damp deciduous or mixed forests with rich undergrowth. Some species inhabit dry grasslands (some species of Anthomyza and the brachypterous Stiphrosoma sabulosum).
Phylogeny and taxa

Opomyzoidea

Clusioinea

Clusiidae^[1]

Agromyzoinea

Odiniidae

	Fergusoninidae

	Agromyzidae

Opomyzoinea	Opomyzidae+Anthomyzidae

	Asteioinea

The family includes a number of genera in two subfamilies.[2]

Subfamily Anthomyzinae Czerny, 1903
Amnonthomyza Roháček, 1993
Amygdalops Lamb, 1914
Anagnota Becker, 1902
Anthomyza Fallén, 1810
Apterosepsis Richards, 1962
Barbarista Roháček, 1993
Carexomyza Roháček, 2009
Cercagnota Roháček & Freidberg, 1993
Epischnomyia Roháček, 2006
Fungomyza Roháček, 1999
†Grimalantha Roháček, 1998 (Burdigalian, Dominican amber)
Ischnomyia Loew, 1863
†Lacrimyza Roháček, 2013 (Lutetian, Baltic Amber)
Margdalops Roháček & Barraclough, 2003
Mumetopia Melander, 1913
Paranthomyza Czerny, 1902
Receptrixa Roháček, 2006
Reliquantha Roháček, 2014 (Lutetian, Baltic amber)
Santhomyza Roháček, 1984
Stiphrosoma Czerny, 1928
Typhamyza Roháček, 1992
Zealantha Roháček, 2007
Subfamily †Protanthomyzinae Roháček, 1998
†Protanthomyza Hennig, 1965 (Lutetian, Baltic Amber, Bitterfeld amber)

References

Nello schema di McAlpine, i Clusiidae sono in relazione con il genere Acartophthalmus, che secondo l'analisi cladistica di Buck (2006) va collocato nel clade dei Carnoidea. Vedi Acartophthalmidae.

Roháček (2020). "Protanthomyza grimaldii sp. nov., a further member of the extinct subfamily Protanthomyzinae (Diptera, Anthomyzidae) from Baltic amber". ZooKeys (973): 1–15. doi:10.3897/zookeys.973.51435. PMC 7550391. PMID 33110370.