Zeuxine

Life-forms

Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Cladus: Angiosperms
Cladus: Monocots
Ordo: Asparagales

Familia: Orchidaceae
Subfamilia: Orchidoideae
Tribus: Cranichideae
Subtribus: Goodyerinae
Genus: Zeuxine
Overview of species (76)

Z. affinis – Z. africana – Z. agyokuana – Z. amboinensis – Z. andamanica – Z. arisanensis – Z. baliensis – Z. ballii – Z. bifalcifera – Z. blatteri – Z. bougainvilleana – Z. chowdheryi – Z. clandestina – Z. cordata – Z. curvata – Z. diversifolia – Z. elatior – Z. elmeri – Z. elongata – Z. erimae – Z. exilis – Z. flava – Z. fritzii – Z. gengmanensis – Z. gilgiana – Z. glandulosa – Z. goodyeroides – Z. gracilis – Z. integrilabella – Z. kantokeiensis – Z. kutaiensis – Z. lancifolia – Z. leucoptera – Z. leytensis – Z. lindleyana – Z. longilabris – Z. lunulata – Z. macrorhyncha – Z. madagascariensis – Z. marivelensis – Z. membranacea – Z. mindanaensis – Z. montana – Z. mooneyi – Z. nervosa – Z. niijimae – Z. oblonga – Z. odorata – Z. ovalifolia – Z. ovata – Z. palawensis – Z. palustris – Z. papillosa – Z. parvifolia – Z. petakensis – Z. philippinensis – Z. plantaginea – Z. purpurascens – Z. reflexa – Z. regia – Z. reginasilvae – Z. rolfeana – Z. rupestris – Z. samoensis – Z. stammleri – Z. stenophylla – Z. strateumatica – Z. tenuifolia – Z. tjiampeana – Z. tonkinensis – Z. triangula – Z. vietnamica – Z. violascens – Z. viridiflora – Z. weberi – Z. wenzelii
Name

Zeuxine Lindl., Coll. Bot., App.: 1 (1826), nom. cons.

Type species: Zeuxine strateumatica (L.) Schltr., Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 45: 394 (1911)
Lectotype: Zeuxine strateumatica (L.) Schltr. (Orchis stratematica L.) designated by P.J. Cribb, Taxon, 48: 49 (1999)

Synonymy

Heterotypic
Adenostylis Blume, Bijdr.: 414 (1825)
Psychechilos Breda, Gen. Sp. Orchid. Asclep. 2: t. 9 (1829)
Tripleura Lindl., Edwards's Bot. Reg. 19: t. 1618 (1833)
Strateuma Raf., Fl. Tellur. 2: 89 (1837), nom. illeg.
Monochilus Wall. ex Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl.: 486 (1840)
Haplochilus Endl., Ench. Bot.: 113 (1841)
Heterozeuxine T.Hashim., Ann. Tsukuba Bot. Gard. 5: 21 (1986)

Distribution
Native distribution areas:

Africa
West Tropical Africa
Benin, Ghana, Guinea, Ivory Coast, Liberia, Nigeria, Sierre Leone.
West-Central Tropical Africa
Central African Republic, Cameroon, Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Gulf of Guinea Islands, Zaïre.
Northeast Tropical Africa
Ethiopia
East Tropical Africa
Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda.
South Tropical Africa
Angola, Malawi, Zambia, Zimbabwe.
Southern Africa
Botswana, KwaZulu-Natal.
Western Indian Ocean
Madagascar.
Asia-Temperate
Middle Asia
Turkmenistan, Tadzhikistan, Uzbekistan.
Western Asia
Afghanistan, Iran.
China
China South-Central, Hainan, China Southeast.
Eastern Asia
Japan, Nansei-shoto, Ogasawara-shoto, Taiwan.
Asia-Tropical
Indian Subcontinent
Assam, Bangladesh, East Himalaya, India, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, West Himalaya.
Indo-China
Andaman Islands, Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam.
Malesia
Borneo, Jawa, Lesser Sunda Islands, Malaya, Maluku, Philippines, Sulawesi, Sumatera, Christmas Isle.
Papuasia
Bismarck Archipelago, New Guinea, Solomon Islands.
Australasia
Australia
New South Wales, Northern Territory, Queensland.
Pacific
Southwestern Pacific
Fiji, Niue, New Caledonia, Samoa, Tonga, Vanuatu.
Northwestern Pacific
Caroline Islands, Marianas.

References: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2nd Edition
References
Primary references

Lindley, J. 1825. Orchidearum Sceletos 9, 18.
Pridgeon, A.M., Cribb, P.J., Chase, M.W. & Rasmussen, F.N. (eds.) 2003. Genera Orchidacearum Volume 3: Orchidoideae (Part two); page 150 ff., Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-850711-9

Additional references

Alrich, P. & Higgins,W. 2011. Orchid genera lectotypes. Lankesteriana 11(1): 69—94. PDF Reference page.

Links

'eFloras 2009. Zeuxine in Flora of China vol. 25 Orchidaceae --> pdf Zeuxine
Emonocot.org 2018. Zeuxine in The Orders and Families of Monocotyledons. Published online. Accessed: 2018 November 21.
Govaerts, R. et al. 2018. Zeuxine in World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published online. Accessed: 2018 November 21. Reference page.
International Plant Names Index. 2018. Zeuxine. Published online. Accessed: 21 November 2018.
The Plant List 2013. Zeuxine in The Plant List Version 1.1. Published online. Accessed: 2018 November 21.
Tropicos.org 2018. Zeuxine. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published online. Accessed: 21 November 2018.

Vernacular names

перем коми: Зевксина
коми: Зевксина
lietuvių: Dzeusija
മലയാളം: സ്യൂക്സിൻ
кырык мары: Зевксина
русский: Зевксина
удмурт: Зевксина
中文: 线柱兰属

Zeuxine, commonly known as verdant jewel orchids,[2] is a genus of about eighty species of orchids in the tribe Cranichideae. They are native to parts of tropical Africa, Asia, Southeast Asia, New Guinea, Australia and some Pacific Islands. They have relatively narrow, dark green leaves and small, dull-coloured resupinate flowers with the dorsal sepal and petals overlapping to form a hood over the column. The labellum has a pouched base and its tip has two lobes.

Description

Orchids in the genus Zeuxine are terrestrial, perennial, deciduous, sympodial herbs with a fleshy, creeping, above-ground rhizome anchored by wiry roots. The leaves are thinly textured and stalked, arranged in a rosette at the base of the flowering stem or scattered along it. Small, resupinate dull-coloured flowers are often crowded along the short flowering stem which usually has protruding bracts. The dorsal sepal and petals overlap, forming a hood over the column. The lateral sepals overlap the base of the labellum which is usually white, has a pouched base and a number of stalkless glands. The column is short with two stigmas.[2][3][4][5][6]
Taxonomy and naming

The genus Zeuxine was first formally described in 1826 by John Lindley who gave it the name Zeuxina but Zeuxine is the nom. cons. The description was published in the appendix of Collectanea Botanica.[1][7][8] The name Zeuxine is derived from the Latin word zeuxis meaning "joining" or "yoking"[9] in apparent reference to either the partly fused column or to the pollinia.[3]
Distribution and habitat

Plants in the genus Zeuxine usually grow in dark, moist forests where the humidity is always high or near swamps and seepage areas. They occur in tropical regions between Africa and Asia, in Southeast Asia, New Guinea, Australia and some Pacific Islands. Fourteen species are endemic to China and ten in Taiwan. Zeuxine strateumatica is naturalised on the Hawaiian Islands and in the south-eastern United States.[3][4][5][6]
List of species

The following is a list of species of Zeuxine recognised by the World Checklist of Selected Plant Families as at August 2018:[1]

Zeuxine affinis (Lindl.) Benth. ex Hook.f.
Zeuxine africana Rchb.f.
Zeuxine agyokuana Fukuy.
Zeuxine amboinensis (J.J.Sm.) J.J.Sm.
Zeuxine andamanica King & Pantl.
Zeuxine arisanensis Hayata
Zeuxine baliensis J.J.Sm.
Zeuxine ballii P.J.Cribb
Zeuxine bifalcifera J.J.Sm.
Zeuxine blatteri C.E.C.Fisch.
Zeuxine bougainvilleana Ormerod
Zeuxine chowdheryi Av.Bhattacharjee & Sabap.
Zeuxine clandestina Blume
Zeuxine cordata (Lindl.) Ormerod
Zeuxine curvata Schltr.
Zeuxine diversifolia Ormerod
Zeuxine elatior Schltr.
Zeuxine elmeri (Ames) Ames
Zeuxine elongata Rolfe
Zeuxine erimae Schltr. in K.M.Schumann & C.A.G.Lauterbach
Zeuxine exilis Ridl.
Zeuxine flava (Wall. ex Lindl.) Trimen
Zeuxine fritzii Schltr.
Zeuxine gengmanensis (K.Y.Lang) Ormerod
Zeuxine gilgiana Kraenzl. & Schltr.
Zeuxine glandulosa King & Pantl.
Zeuxine goodyeroides Lindl.
Zeuxine gracilis (Breda) Blume
Zeuxine integrilabella C.S.Leou
Zeuxine kantokeiensis Tatew. & Masam.
Zeuxine kutaiensis J.J.Sm.
Zeuxine lancifolia (Ames) Ormerod
Zeuxine leucoptera Schltr.
Zeuxine leytensis (Ames) Ames
Zeuxine lindleyana T.Cooke
Zeuxine longilabris (Lindl.) Trimen
Zeuxine lunulata P.J.Cribb & J.Bowden
Zeuxine macrorhyncha Schltr.
Zeuxine madagascariensis Schltr.
Zeuxine marivelensis (Ames) Ames
Zeuxine membranacea Lindl.
Zeuxine mindanaensis (Ames) Ormerod
Zeuxine montana Schltr. in K.M.Schumann & C.A.G.Lauterbach
Zeuxine mooneyi S.Misra
Zeuxine nervosa (Wall. ex Lindl.) Benth. ex Trimen
Zeuxine niijimai Tatew. & Masam.
Zeuxine oblonga R.S.Rogers & C.T.White
Zeuxine odorata Fukuy.
Zeuxine ovalifolia L.Li & S.J.Li
Zeuxine ovata (Gaudich.) Garay & W.Kittr.
Zeuxine palawensis Tuyama
Zeuxine palustris Ridl.
Zeuxine papillosa Carr
Zeuxine parvifolia (Ridl.) Seidenf.
Zeuxine petakensis J.J.Sm.
Zeuxine philippinensis (Ames) Ames
Zeuxine plantaginea (Rchb.f.) Benth. & Hook.f. ex Drake
Zeuxine purpurascens Blume
Zeuxine reflexa King & Pantl.
Zeuxine regia (Lindl.) Trimen
Zeuxine reginasilvae Ormerod
Zeuxine rolfeana King & Pantl.
Zeuxine rupestris Ridl.
Zeuxine samoensis Schltr.
Zeuxine stammleri Schltr.
Zeuxine stenophylla (Rchb.f.) Benth. & Hook.f. ex Drake
Zeuxine strateumatica (L.) Schltr.
Zeuxine tenuifolia Tuyama
Zeuxine tjiampeana J.J.Sm.
Zeuxine tonkinensis Gagnep.
Zeuxine triangula J.J.Sm.
Zeuxine vietnamica Aver.
Zeuxine violascens Ridl.
Zeuxine viridiflora (J.J.Sm.) Schltr.
Zeuxine viridiflora var. latifolia J.J.Sm.
Zeuxine viridiflora var. viridiflora.
Zeuxine weberi (Ames) Ames
Zeuxine wenzelii (Ames) Ormerod

References

"Zeuxine". World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
Jones, David L. (2006). A complete guide to native orchids of Australia including the island territories. Frenchs Forest, N.S.W.: New Holland. p. 350. ISBN 1877069124.
D.L.Jones; T.Hopley; S.M.Duffy (2010). "Zeuxine". Australian Tropical Rainforest Orchids. Centre for Australian National Biodiversity Research (CANBR), Australian Government. Retrieved 28 May 2021.
Chen, Xinqi; Gale, Stephen W.; Cribb, Phillip J.; Ormerod, Paul. "Zeuxine (线柱兰属 xian zhu lan shu)". Flora of China. Retrieved 5 September 2018.
Leou, Chong-Sheng. "Zeuxine (線柱蘭屬)". Digital flora of Taiwan. Retrieved 5 September 2018.
"Genus: Zeuxine". North American Orchid Conservation Center. Retrieved 5 September 2018.
"Zeuxine". APNI. Retrieved 5 September 2018.
Lindley, John (1826). Collectanea Botanica (Appendix 1). London. Retrieved 5 September 2018.
Brown, Roland Wilbur (1956). The Composition of Scientific Words. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press. p. 144.