Vaccinium macrocarpon

Life-forms

Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Cladus: Angiosperms
Cladus: Eudicots
Cladus: Core eudicots
Cladus: Asterids
Ordo: Ericales

Familia: Ericaceae
Subfamilia: Vaccinioideae
Tribus: Vaccinieae
Genus: Vaccinium
Sectio: V. sect. Oxycoccus
Species: Vaccinium macrocarpon
Name

Vaccinium macrocarpon Aiton, 1789
Synonyms

Oxycoca berberidacea Rafin.
Oxycoca macrocarpa (Ait.) Rafin.
Oxycoccus macrocarpos (Aiton) Pursh
Oxycoccus macrocarpus (Ait.) Pers.
Oxycoccus palustris
Schollera macrocarpa (Ait.) Britton
Vaccinium oblongifolium hort. ex Dun.
Vaccinium propinquum Salisb.

Distribution
Native distribution areas:

Continental: Northern America '
Alaska, USA (California, Connecticut, Delaware, Illinois, Indiana, Massachusetts, Maryland, Maine, Michigan, Minnesota, North Carolina, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Tennessee, Virginia, Vermont, Washington State, Wisconsin, West Virginia), Canada (British Columbia, New Brunswick, Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, Northern Territories, Ontario, Prince Edward Isl., Quebec), St. Pierre et Miquelon

References: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2nd Edition
References
Primary references

Aiton, W. 1789. Hortus Kewensis; or, a catalogue of the plants cultivated in the Royal Botanic Garden at Kew. Vol. II. Octandria–Monadelphia. 460 pp., tt. 7–10. George Nicol, London. BHL Reference page. : 2:13, t. 7.

Links

Hassler, M. 2020. Vaccinium macrocarpum. World Plants: Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World In: Roskovh, Y., Abucay, L., Orrell, T., Nicolson, D., Bailly, N., Kirk, P., Bourgoin, T., DeWalt, R.E., Decock, W., De Wever, A., Nieukerken, E. van, Zarucchi, J. & Penev, L., eds. 2020. Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2020 May 29. Reference page.
Govaerts, R. et al. 2020. Vaccinium macrocarpon in Kew Science Plants of the World online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2020 May 29. Reference page.
International Plant Names Index. 2020. Vaccinium macrocarpon. Published online. Accessed: May 29 2020.
Tropicos.org 2020. Vaccinium macrocarpon. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2020 May 29.
USDA, ARS, Germplasm Resources Information Network. Vaccinium macrocarpon in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), U.S. Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service. Accessed: 08-Apr-12.

Vernacular names
dansk: Storfrugtet Tranebær
Deutsch: Großfrüchtige Moosbeere
dolnoserbski: Wjelikopłodowa žorawina
English: American Cranberry
Esperanto: Oksikoko amerika
suomi: Amerikankarpalo
français: Airelle à gros fruits
hornjoserbsce: Wulkopłodowa tymjenka
magyar: Amerikai tőzegáfonya
македонски: Американска брусница
Nederlands: amerikaanse cranberry, amerikaanse veenbes, grote cranberry, grote veenbes, veenbes
norsk: Amerikansk tranebær
српски / srpski: Američka brusnica

Vaccinium macrocarpon (also called large cranberry, American cranberry and bearberry) is a North American species of cranberry of the subgenus Oxycoccus and genus Vaccinium.

The name cranberry, comes from shape of flower stamen, that seems bird crane peak, cranberry berry from crane.

Description

Vaccinium macrocarpon is a perennial shrub, often ascending (trailing along the surface of the ground for some distance but then curving upwards). It produces white or pink flowers followed by sour-tasting red or pink berries 9–14 mm (0.35–0.55 in) across.[3][4][5]
Distribution

Vaccinium macrocarpon is native to central and eastern Canada (Ontario to Newfoundland) and the northeastern and north-central United States (Northeast, Great Lakes Region, and Appalachians as far south as North Carolina and Tennessee).[6] It is also naturalized in parts of Europe and scattered locations in North America along western Canada (British Columbia) and the western United States (West Coast).
Human uses

The species is grown commercially as a cash crop for its edible berries.[7] Many of these are grown in artificial ponds called cranberry bogs.[8] A common use of the berries is in sauce to be served with roast turkey.[9] There is some evidence suggesting that the berries or their juice could be useful in treating or preventing certain urinary tract infections, but this is not certain yet and thus is not a substitute for medical management.[10] Some research suggests cranberries may suppress asymptomatic Helicobacter pylori colonization, but they seem to be an inferior treatment compared to antibiotic therapy in symptomatic patients.[11][12][13]
See also

Cranberry fruit rot, which affects V. macrocarpon

References

Tropicos, Vaccinium macrocarpon Aiton
The Plant List, Vaccinium macrocarpon Aiton
Flora of North America, Vaccinium macrocarpon Aiton, 1789. Cranberry, canneberge gros fruits
Aiton, William. 1789. Hortus Kewensis, or, A catalogue of the plants cultivated in the Royal Botanic Garden at Kew 2: 13 and plate 7 description in Latin on page 13; full-page color illustration on plate 7 (between pages 12 and 13)
USDA. "Plant Profile for Vaccinium macrocarpon (cranberry)". USDA PLANTS. USDA. Retrieved 15 March 2021.
"Biota of North America Program 2014 county distribution map". BONAP.net. Retrieved 13 June 2017.
"Vaccinium macrocarpon American Cranberry, Cranberry PFAF Plant Database". www.PFAF.org. Retrieved 13 June 2017.
University of Massachusetts, Natural History of the American Cranberry, Vaccinium macrocarpon Ait.
Elias, Thomas S.; Dykeman, Peter A. (2009) [1982]. Edible Wild Plants: A North American Field Guide to Over 200 Natural Foods. New York: Sterling. p. 163. ISBN 978-1-4027-6715-9. OCLC 244766414.
Wang C, Fang C, Chen N, et al. Cranberry-Containing Products for Prevention of Urinary Tract Infections in Susceptible Populations: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Arch Intern Med. 2012;172(13):988–996. doi:https://doi.org/10.1001/archinternmed.2012.3004
Zhang, L. , Ma, J. , Pan, K. , Go, V. L., Chen, J. and You, W. (2005), Efficacy of Cranberry Juice on Helicobacter pylori Infection: a Double‐Blind, Randomized Placebo‐Controlled Trial. Helicobacter, 10: 139-145. doi:10.1111/j.1523-5378.2005.00301.x
Ora Burger, Itzhak Ofek, Mina Tabak, Ervin I. Weiss, Nathan Sharon, Ishak Neeman, A high molecular mass constituent of cranberry juice inhibits Helicobacter pylori adhesion to human gastric mucus, FEMS Immunology & Medical Microbiology, Volume 29, Issue 4, December 2000, Pages 295–301, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-695X.2000.tb01537.x
Martin Gotteland, Monica Andrews, Marcela Toledo, Loreto Muñoz, Paola Caceres, Alyerina Anziani, Emma Wittig, Hernan Speisky, Gabriela Salazar,Modulation of Helicobacter pylori colonization with cranberry juice and Lactobacillus johnsonii La1 in children, Nutrition, Volume 24, Issue 5, 2008, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nut.2008.01.007.